Welcome to Our Hillbrow
by Phaswane Mpe

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Chapter 1 Quotes

You would recall the child, possibly seven years old or so, who got hit by a car. Her mid-air screams still ring in your memory. When she hit the concrete pavements of Hillbrow, her screams died with her. A young man just behind you shouted:

Kill the bastard!

But the driver was already gone. The traffic cops, arriving a few minutes later, found that the seasons of arrest had already passed. Most people, after the momentary stunned silence of witnessing the sour fruits of soccer victory, resumed their singing. Shosholoza […] drowned the choking sobs of the deceased child’s mother.

Welcome to our Hillbrow! you heard one man say to his female companion, who was a seeming newcomer to this place of bustling activity.

Related Characters: Refentše
Related Symbols: Hit-and-Runs, The Refrain “Welcome to our…”
Page Number and Citation: 2
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage comes early in the book, when the narrator recalls the scene in Hillbrow after the South African soccer team won the 1995 World Cup. The narrator addresses Refentše directly and will continue to do so throughout the novel—that Refentše is “you,” and not simply referred to by his name, situates the reader more intimately alongside Refentše and creates an intentional closeness that wouldn’t be there if the narration was third-person omniscient. This second-person narration sets the tone for the personal, oral storytelling-like mood of the narrative. Additionally, the incident described in this scene happens during a celebration, which Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus harum. Accusantium iusto voluptas. Totam quae corporis. Impedit non ut. Incidunt rerum est. Aperiam doloremque eum. Animi soluta perspiciatis. Ut minima autem. Modi omnis iure. Sint qui qui. Qui similique praesentium. Ex consequatur magnam. Aliquid iste enim. Sequi aut maxime. Adipisci voluptate et. Voluptas suscipit alias. In et eveniet. Eaque et repellendus. Dolores aut voluptatibus. Voluptatem qui voluptatum. Voluptatibus sed placeat. Aut tenetur autem. Fugit voluptates in. Quidem impedit sunt. Excepturi ullam nobis. Ducimus odio quo. Ut autem harum. Omnis vel voluptatum. Assumenda officia maiores. Voluptatem sint velit. Quod quia sapiente. Cum sunt quo. Accusamus veritatis voluptatum. Rerum est et. Aut autem sit. Soluta dolor fuga. Debitis ut est. In

More specifically, certain newspaper articles attributed the source of the virus that caused AIDS to a species called the Green Monkey, which people in some parts of West Africa were said to eat as meat, thereby contracting the disease. Migrants (who were Tiragalong’s authoritative grapevine on all important issues) deduced from such media reports that AIDS’s travel route into Johannesburg was through Makwerekwere; and Hillbrow was the sanctuary in which Makwerekwere were based.

Page Number and Citation: 17
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage outlines the prejudiced feelings that many people from South Africa held against immigrants coming from other African countries. It is noteworthy that these prejudices come through two different sources: one more formal (the newspaper), and one more informal (the “grapevine” of gossip.” This suggest that both methods are equally powerful, and that no matter the method, telling stories like these can really impact the way people see the world. In fact, this quote shows the life stages of a piece of gossip—it might start from something written in a newspaper, and then it might trickle down through the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferend

Like most Hillbrowans, Cousin took his soccer seriously. You and he had had many disagreements on the subject of support for foreign teams—especially those from elsewhere in Africa. You often accused him of being a hypocrite, because his vocal support for black non-South African teams, whenever they played against European clubs, contrasted so glaringly with his prejudice towards black foreigners the rest of the time. Cousin would always take the opportunity during these arguments to complain about the crime and grime in Hillbrow, for which he held such foreigners responsible; not just for the physical decay of the place but the moral decay.

Related Characters: Refentše , Cousin
Page Number and Citation: 17
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, the narrator talks about a conversation Refentše often had with Cousin when he (Refentše) was still alive. This quote proves that, throughout his life, Refentše had many conversations with Cousin about Cousin’s prejudice towards immigrants from outside South Africa. Cousin’s attitude is noteworthy because it highlights his prejudiced hypocrisy (which Refentše points out)—and asks how a person could root for someone in sports but not in life. This hypocrisy works with the story’s larger idea that so many prejudices are simply illogical and are rooted in a lack of interrogation. Cousin’s attitude is also particularly significant because Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minim

Chapter 2  Quotes

If you were still alive now, Refentše, child of Tiragalong and Hillbrow, you might finally have written the books you had hoped to write; completed your collection of poems called Love Songs, Blues and Interludes, that you wished to dedicate to our Hillbrow. Your one published short story about life in Hillbrow might have paved a smooth way to more such stories. You often used to think about the scarcity of written Hillbrow fictions in English and Sepedi. You asked around, and those who could read the other nine of the eleven official South African languages answered you by saying that even in those languages, written fictions were very scarce.

Related Characters: Refentše
Page Number and Citation: 29
Explanation and Analysis:
In this quote, the narrator talks about something that Refentše could do if he were still alive, suggesting that Refentše would have written a book of poems specifically about Hillbrow if he’d had the time. It’s significant that there are not many books with Hillbrow as a subject, which shows that there must not be a market for stories from the inner city. This speaks to the divide between poorer and richer neighborhoods in the cultural imagination (as well as in reality). It’s also important that the lack of stories about Hillbrow isn’t only in the languages that Refentše can Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beat

As you look back now at your life on Earth, you find it grimly amusing that suicide could be so seductive. You are fascinated by the stories of your home boys and girls, talking about your suicide as if no thought had gone into it.

Related Characters: Refentše
Page Number and Citation: 30
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote takes place after a discussion about Refentše’s literary goals and how he might have written a book if he had not committed suicide. This passage highlights two things: first, the way rumors travel from corner to corner of rural neighborhoods simply because of the force and power of storytelling. This emphasizes the extent to which stories—even in the form of gossip—preoccupy the people in this novel and influence the way they move through the world. This passage also underscores how there is likely a misunderstanding—and some ignorance—around suicide in Tiragalong, since Refentše is surprised that people talk about Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti so

You gave her a hug, an embrace. The spiritual support had to be backed up by a physical one. You knew well enough that physical touch could work wonders. You yourself always felt better when a friend gave you a hug, a pat on the shoulder—something like that—when you were sad, hurt or even when you had achieved. So you did what you liked friend and close, caring relatives to do for you.

Bohlale returned your sympathy with a hug, an embrace of her own.

The boy in your trousers decided to express his sympathies too. You felt your heart begin to beat quite fast.

Related Characters: Refentše , Lerato , Sammy, Bohlale
Page Number and Citation: 37
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Refentše thinks back on the night that he and Bohlale had sex, meaning that Refentše cheated on his partner Lerato, and Bohlale on her partner Sammy. This scene is a pivotal moment for the plot because it sets off Refentše’s guilt, which causes him to pull away from Lerato, which—in turn—causes her to sleep with Sammy, which finally leads to Refentše’s suicide. The story’s narrative technique—addressing Refentše as “you” rather than saying his name—really changes the structure of this scene, since it puts readers directly in Refentše’s place, as if the reader is the “you” being addressed. Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus harum. Accusantium

Your mother had never been to Hillbrow, nor any part of Johannesburg. But your mother was not interested in such details. She hated the Hillbrow women with unmatchable venom—a human venom so fatal it would have put the black mamba’s to shame.

Related Characters: Refentše , Refentše’s Mother, Lerato
Page Number and Citation: 39
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage occurs during an explanation of Refentše’s mother’s prejudices, explaining why Refentše could not go to his mother for comfort after Lerato cheated on him. It is significant that Refentše’s mother has never actually been to Hillbrow—or “any part” of the city of Johannesburg—because it is remarkable that she holds such intense feelings of hatred towards people that live in a place she’s never seen. This feels unfair, and it speaks to the book’s insistence that many prejudices don’t make sense if thought all the way through. Refentše’s mother hating “Hillbrow women” specifically speaks to a particularly sexist component Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui

Refilwe rewrote large chunks of the story that Tiragalong had constructed about you, which was that you committed suicide because your mother had bewitched you. In an attempt to drive your heart from the Johannesburg woman, Tiragalong had said, your mother had used medicines that were too strong. They destroyed your brain.

[…]

Refilwe […] rewrote the version of your suicide. In this version of things, you had been bewitched indeed—but not by your mother; by a loose-thighed Hillbrowan called Lerato.

Related Characters: Refentše , Refilwe, Refentše’s Mother, Lerato
Page Number and Citation: 43
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage describes the two different ways that the people of Tiragalong explained Refentše’s suicide. In the beginning, they blamed Refentše’s mother because they thought she’d tried to give him “medicine” to make him stop loving Lerato and that the medicines backfired and “destroyed” his brain. The people of Tiragalong end up using this story to claim that Refentše’s mother is a witch, which is why they kill her. Refilwe’s reworking of the story still involved “bewitching,” but she claims that Lerato used magic to make Refentše fall in love with her in the first place. These two differing narratives Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequa

That day, when Lerato brought you food—she was an outstanding cook—you told her you were not hungry. She knew immediately that things were not right. She was used to you swallowing once or twice more, even when you were already full, just to satisfy her […]. When you again refused her food and—the second indication—showed no sign of enjoying the games you often played together, she began to drift into depression. More so because when she asked what was wrong, you said:

Nothing.

Nothing could not be a satisfactory answer when love was crumbling before her eyes.

Related Characters: Bohlale, Sammy, Lerato , Refentše
Page Number and Citation: 49
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage narrates the day leading up to Lerato and Sammy sleeping together and to Refentše’s suicide. Lerato appears as a caring girlfriend, one who loves her partner very much and who cooks for him lovingly. Usually, Refentše responds in turn, but his lingering guilt about sleeping with Bohlale causes him to retreat. This section highlights that Lerato and Refentše really love each other. Lerato usually cooks wonderful food for Refentše, and Refentše usually eats extra “just to satisfy her.” This shows the close relationship they normally share, which is why Lerato can sense that something is off. This suggests Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Acc

As it happened, you were spared the need for decision. Because the very next day Bohlale, on her way to visit Sammy at the hospital, was knocked over by a speeding car that jumped the red robot. It was driven by fleeing hijackers fleeing a pursuing convoy of Johannesburg Murder and Robber Squad cars[…]. Bohlale was run over because, although she had made way for the speeding cars, the hijackers had lost control of their newly appropriated vehicle. They ran into her right where she stood on the pavement. After her death, any confession seemed a needless complication.

Related Characters: Bohlale, Refentše , Sammy
Related Symbols: Hit-and-Runs
Page Number and Citation: 53
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote comes just after Refentše and Bohlale disagree about whether to tell Sammy about their affair. In a twist of fate, Refentše does not have to live with Bohlale’s decision to tell Sammy, because she dies on the way to the hospital. This emphasizes the unpredictability of life (which the symbol of the hit-and-run signifies) but it also suggests that it’s possible Bohlale’s fate would have been different if Refentše had been open to telling the truth. The narrator uses a bit of irony here when he says that Refentše was “spared” the decision—though it’s true that he did Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore

The diseased woman of your story did not resolve to tumble down from the twentieth floor of her building, to escape her misery. She chose a different route to dealing with her life. Her first resolution was to stop going home, to Tiragalong, where the wagging tongues did their best to hasten her death. But then she discovered, like you did, Refentše, that a conscious decision to desert home is a difficult one to sustain. Because home always travels with you, with your consciousness as its vehicle. So her second resolution was to pour all her grief and alienation into the world of storytelling. You had her write a novel about Hillbrow, xenophobia and AIDS and the prejudices of rural lives.

Related Characters: Refentše , Refentše’s Protagonist (The Young Woman) , Refilwe
Page Number and Citation: 55
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, the narrator reminisces with Refentše about the short story that Refentše wrote before he died. The story was very important to Refentše, since it dealt with the issues he saw in his daily life, particularly xenophobia and prejudice. It’s noteworthy that the central character in Refentše’s story does not die by suicide and instead decides to write a book to process her grief, because it suggests that Refentše might also have been able to stay alive if he’d been capable of channeling his emotions into his art. It is also notable that both Refentše and his protagonist Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur

She did not know that writing in an African language in South Africa could be such a curse. She had not anticipated that the publishers’ reviewers would brand her novel vulgar. Calling shit and genitalia by their correct names in Sepedi was apparently regarded as vulgar by these reviewers, who had for a long time been reviewing works of fiction for educational publishers, and who were determined to ensure that such works did not offend the systems they served. These systems were very inconsistent with their attitudes to education. They considered it fine, for instance, to call genitalia by their correct names in English and Afrikaans biology books—[…] yet in all other languages, they criminalized such linguistic honesty.

Related Characters: Refentše’s Protagonist (The Young Woman) , Refentše
Page Number and Citation: 56
Explanation and Analysis:
Here, Refentše’s protagonist struggles with the fact that writing in an indigenous African language “criminalizes” her book, which dooms it commercially. One of the most important points in this passage is the distinction between Sepedi—a native South African language—and English and Afrikaans, both languages with European origins. That it is a “curse” to write in Sepedi proves that the publishing landscape of South Africa is still operating under a colonial mindset, meaning that it privileges the culture of the colonists over the languages that were indigenous to the country. It is particularly noteworthy that the exact same words in English Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus h

For every new personal experience adds to our knowledge of life and living, death and dying. Every act of listening, seeing, smelling, feeling, tasting is a reconfiguring of the story of our lives.

Yet, when Lerato and Sammy provided you with the chance to add to your storehouse of experience, you could not rise to it. It was at that point that you began to brood, a tinge too gloomily, about love and friendship and the whole purpose of living.

Related Characters: Refentše , Lerato , Sammy
Page Number and Citation: 61
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, the narrator assesses Refentše’s response to Sammy and Lerato’s affair. Before dying, Refentše clearly had an appreciation for life’s complications, since he often noted how his friends and family were imperfect and even ignorant but wanted to change their opinions rather than write them off. The narrator is aligned with Refentše’s outlook on the world when they talk about new experiences influencing “our knowledge of life and living,” since Refentše often draws on his past experience to assess various situations. But that Refentše cannot “rise to” the challenge of overcoming his grief after finding Lerato and Sammy Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur labo

Chapter 3 Quotes

You wished, Refentše, that you could return to Johannesburg to let Lerato know that she was never alone in these acts of well-intentioned generosity that we call betrayal, that you too had tasted their bitter-sweet fruits. But you were powerless. You could not return to Alexandra, where Lerato was staying at her mother’s house, when she swallowed the tablets. You could not, because you were not in control of life in this Heaven. Just as you were not in control of life on Earth.

Related Characters: Lerato , Refentše , Sammy
Page Number and Citation: 67
Explanation and Analysis:
Here, the narrator addresses Refentše, who is in heaven after his death, as Refentše looks down on earth and watches Lerato commit suicide. This is one of the most direct scenes addressing Refentše’s change in attitude towards the situation with Lerato and Sammy, since Refentše now sees Lerato’s “betrayal” (sleeping with Sammy) as an “act of well-intentioned generosity.” This is a radically different way to view the situation than how he saw it when he was still alive, when he felt so betrayed that he decided to die by suicide. This change in attitude highlights how self-reflection (even if it Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupt

She told you what it meant to exist with the fear that one’s misdemeanor, one’s open-thighedness—as people would construe her behavior—would be uncovered; the anxiety at the prospect of facing an incredulous mother, whose heart would sink into the abyss of dismay on discovering, suddenly, that her much trusted daughter was, in effect, a murderess; of existing with her life clouded by constant brooding over what fellow University students would have to say about her sexual looseness, that had driven their beloved lecturer into the Dark Chamber of suicide.

Related Characters: Lerato , Liz (Lerato’s Mother), Refentše
Page Number and Citation: 69
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Lerato shares with Refentše (in heaven) all of the fears that she dealt with before she died by suicide. This quote shows just how deeply worried and guilty Lerato felt after Refentše’s death, and it explicitly states the reasons why she felt like she also had to commit suicide. Saying that “people” would “construe” the affair with Sammy simply as Lerato sleeping around shows how misunderstood Lerato felt by the rumor mill in Tiragalong. Lerato also knew that people in Johannesburg would be gossiping—Refentše was a popular teacher and she felt as though people would say that Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae ear

It did not occur to Molori and his uncle to doubt the bone thrower’s insights. His accurate knowledge of their family affairs was too impressive; where else could such knowledge have come from, they reasoned, other than from his reading of the bones? The uncle reminded Molori about the Tiragalong saying: witches have no distinct kin colour through which other people can recognize and identify them. Piet and his mother might put on the act of being good people. But who was to say that that was not the art of witches?

Related Characters: Bone Throwers, Molori, Piet
Page Number and Citation: 77
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage comes as Refentše and Lerato, from heaven, watch the “film” of Piet’s ill-fated life in Alexandra. Molori’s mother fell ill, and he and his uncle called on a local bone thrower to explain why she was sick. This passage reads as ironic, since just a page earlier the narrator explained that this bone thrower made it his business to know all of the people in the area’s family trees. Thus, the bone thrower is actually using his knowledge of Molori’s family (not any mystical power) to accuse Piet and his mother of treachery. Molori’s “reasoning,” then, is supposed Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt.

Your skull threatened to collapse at any moment, causing you the worst headache known to humanity. Your head spun at untold speed and you became intensely dizzy in these hot, whirling webs of sensory input, your memory picking out choice words here, scenes there…the infinite fragments combining and recombing in the containing frame of your head. Until the roaring pressure of your skull finally exploded:

Welcome to our Hillbrow…Welcome to our Alexandra…Welcome to our Tiragalong in Johannesburg…

Related Characters: Refentše , Piet
Related Symbols: The Refrain “Welcome to our…”
Page Number and Citation: 79
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Refentše, from heaven, has just watched Piet get murdered. Refentše is devastated watching the scene play out, and he grieves for Piet (and for Lerato, since she is his daughter). He feels as though so many of the places that he knows in his life—Tiragalong, where he was born, Alexandra, where Lerato’s parents are from—are similar because they contain both joy and tragedy. The fact that he thinks there is a “Tiragalong in Johannesburg,” which of course there isn’t, emphasizes the way that places end up overlapping in his mind because of their many similarities. This is Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimu

Chapter 4 Quotes

She had not given up on the idea that one day you would be tired of these Johannesburg women, that your thoughts would then turn back to your home girl. She knew, like all Tiragalong, that there was always a return to the ruins; only to the womb was there no return.

Related Characters: Refilwe
Page Number and Citation: 82
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote comes when Refilwe invited Refentše over for dinner, technically to thank him for writing a reference letter but really to try and make him fall back in love with her. Refilwe, at this time, still held prejudices against people from Johannesburg and felt as though Refentše would be much happier (and better off) with someone from his hometown. It is significant that Refilwe’s thinking is “like all Tiragalong”—later, she will break entirely with the general groupthink of her home village, but here she is still aligned with the way that they see things. Yet this idea that there Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Qu

Chapter 5 Quotes

She was excited by the challenge of the new position and looked forward to earning a better salary. But she soon discovered the frustrations that went with her new and prestigious position. Although she knew what good books looked like, the company kept on reminding her that good books were only those that could get a school prescription. What frustrated her so much was the extent to which publishing was in many ways out of touch with the language and events of everyday life.

Related Characters: Refilwe, Refentše , Refentše’s Protagonist (The Young Woman)
Page Number and Citation: 94
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Refilwe has just been promoted at the publishing house that she works for in Johannesburg. Still, she is bothered by the way that the company views “good books.” Earlier in the novel, Refentše talks about how his novel’s character’s book gets rejected because it is too “vulgar” to be purchased by schools, and this idea of vulgarity comes from the fact that the woman uses Sepedi words for “shit” and “genitalia.” So, when Refilwe is frustrated that certain books are not “good” because they won’t be picked up by school prescriptions, the novel calls back to the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima

[…] his story that looked at AIDS and Makwerekwere and the many-sidedness of life and love in our Hillbrow and Tiragalong and everywhere. His scarecrow heroine was a big influence on Refilwe’s thinking. She had read the story many times, and each time it made her weep anew. Partly because of the memories it brought up of Refentše. And partly because it made her see herself and her own prejudices in a different light.

Related Characters: Refilwe, Refentše , Refentše’s Protagonist (The Young Woman)
Page Number and Citation: 96
Explanation and Analysis:
Here, Refilwe reflects on the power of Refentše’s story and on how much she resonated with the young woman who serves as the protagonist of that story. It is significant that reading literature made Refilwe see her own prejudices “in a different light,” since this underscores the novel’s insistence that storytelling can be very powerful (for good or evil). Refilwe recognizes the ways that she has previously been prejudiced, particularly towards people from Hillbrow and towards “Makwerekwere,” and weeping for the fate of the young woman in the story is what brings her to this deep sense of recognition. It Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium

Jackie thought that it would be a good idea to go straight to the administration block and get all the formalities of enrolment over and done with. Papers were produced and signed. No, Refilwe did not have to register with the Oxford police, as many Africans, including South Africans during the Apartheid days, had to do. South Africans, black and white, were very fine people these days, thanks to the release of Rolihlahla Mandela from Robben Island in 1990 and his push for the 1994 democratic elections.

Related Characters: Refilwe, Jackie
Page Number and Citation: 100
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Refilwe has just arrived at Oxford Brookes University with her British friend Jackie. Refilwe notes that, because she is South African, she does not have to register with the local police, even though only a few years earlier she probably would have had to, and even though most other Africans still have to. This idea that anyone arriving from African countries might be of interest to the police is a clear demonstration of the way that British society is prejudiced and racist. There is also a sarcastic irony to the way the passage is written: by saying Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui digni

Refentše knew only too well that Refilwe as going to bear the brunt of their wrath when she went back to Tiragalong. These gods and devils of our Tiragalong would say:

So, you thought the ones in Johannesburg were not bad enough! You had to import a worse example for yourself!

They would say this, because the stranger-with-Refentše’s-face that Refilwe met in our Jude the Obscure was a Nigerian in search of green pastures in our Oxford. He and Refilwe did find some green pastures in each other’s embraces that following Wednesday evening. They had Refentše’s blessing. His only wish was that he owned life, so that he could force those on Earth to give the lovers their blessings too.

Related Characters: Refilwe, Refentše , The Nigerian Man
Page Number and Citation: 112
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage comes when Refilwe returns from Oxford and has been diagnosed with AIDS. Refentše watches her from heaven, thinking about all of the hate she will face once she returns to Tiragalong with the disease. It is significant that she chooses to return even though she’s well aware of the abuse she will face, since this emphasizes how much her hometown means to her. The abuse that the people of Tiragalong come up with is both racist and xenophobic (suggesting that her Nigerian lover is even “worse” than the immigrants she could have found in Johannesburg), yet she is Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perfere

Chapter 6 Quotes

She wanted to be laid to rest in our Tiragalong, even if it meant exiting this world amidst the ignorant talk of people who turned diseases into crimes. She knew, as Lerato had known, that it was difficult for a woman to face her friends, colleagues and the whole community, and say her name, when they all judged her to be just a loose pair of thighs with voracious appetite […]. Now it was her turn to be accused.

Related Characters: Refilwe, Lerato
Page Number and Citation: 116
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Refilwe decides that she wants to return to Tiragalong (and be buried there when she inevitably dies) even though she will have to face the village’s gossip. The townspeople have not changed their thinking, but Refilwe has. This shows the very painful decision she had to make about whether or not to go back and suggests that her desire to see her home once more was stronger than her fear of the rumors that would surely circulate about her. This shows that Refilwe has become a strong character—someone not only able to break from her previous ways Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Volupta

But she also knew in her heart that she was finished already. When she and her Nigerian were told that they had AIDS, they were also given to know that they had both been HIV-positive for a long time. Refilwe, in particular, must have been infected for a decade or so. Except that she had not known that. So when the disease struck, it seemed that it came suddenly, with no warning.

Related Characters: Refilwe, The Nigerian Man
Page Number and Citation: 117
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote explains how Refilwe knows that she will be stigmatized by the people in Tiragalong when she returns, especially because she was with a man from Nigeria and has now been diagnosed with AIDS. However, it is important to note that Refilwe seems to have had HIV before she ever met her lover—before she ever left Tiragalong, in fact. This proves that the feeling that most people in Tiragalong have towards AIDS—that it is a problem only for immigrants and city people—is unwarranted. This furthers the idea that the people of Tiragalong are willfully ignorant about the disease and, Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. No

Heaven is the world of our continuing existence, located in the memory and consciousness of those who live with us and after us. It is the archive that those we left behind keep visiting and revisiting; digging this out, suppressing or burying that. Continually reconfiguring the stories of our lives, as if they alone hold the real and true version. Just as you, Refilwe, tried to reconfigure the story of Refentše; just as Tiragalong now is going to do the same with you. Heaven can also be Hell, depending on the nature of our continuing existence in the memories and consciousness of the living.

Like Refentše, the first real Bone of your Heart, you too have had your fair taste of the sweet and bitter juices of life, that ooze through the bones of our Tiragalong and Alexandra, Hillbrow and Oxford.

Refilwe, Child of our World and other Worlds…

Welcome to our Heaven…

Related Characters: Refilwe, Refentše
Related Symbols: The Refrain “Welcome to our…”
Page Number and Citation: 124
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage is the last page of the novel and explains the community of heaven that many of the characters—including Refentše and Refilwe—now live in. The story suggests that heaven might be similar to earth and that people might have the chance to reflect on their lives and live better ones in the afterlife. It is particularly important that heaven is made up of people “visiting and revisiting” the “archive” of their lives. This suggests that reflection is a key element of heaven, and the novel has shown that reflection is what helps people become better, more enlightened versions of Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit
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