Wicked

by

Gregory Maguire

Themes and Colors
The Nature of Evil Theme Icon
Power and Oppression Theme Icon
Identity and Otherness Theme Icon
Destiny vs. Free Will Theme Icon
Guilt, Blame, and Forgiveness Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Wicked, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Power and Oppression Theme Icon

Gregory Maguire’s Wicked tells the story of Oz’s Wicked Witch of the West, Elphaba Thropp, from her birth until her final, fatal moments with Dorothy Gale. The events of the novel illustrate that power—and perhaps the pursuit of it—is capable of turning one’s ideals and vulnerabilities alike into tools of domination. The novel suggests that the corrupting influence of power sustains itself through cycles of fear and exploitation; in the end, the oppressed are pushed so far that they often transform into oppressors themselves. For instance, Madame Morrible, a Shiz educator meant to nurture independent thought, instead functions as an agent of the Wizard’s regime, feeding propaganda to her students and attempting to bind Elphaba, Glinda, and Nessarose into lifelong service as spies. Her willingness to murder Doctor Dillamond—a professor on the verge of disproving the Wizard’s justification for Animal oppression—exposes such power’s reliance on suppressing the truth. Over the course of the novel, Oz grows into a surveillance state, leaving Elphaba perpetually paranoid and unsure of who she can actually trust.

The novel also examines how power fundamentally changes those who suddenly gain it. Nessarose, for example, begins as a devout and moralistic figure, dismissing sorcery as sinful. Once she ascends to the role of Eminent Thropp in Munchkinland, however, she abandons her principals, ruling with cruelty and wielding magic carelessly simply because she can. Her death is met with celebration, a sign of how thoroughly power alienates rulers from those they are meant to serve. The Wizard is perhaps the strongest example of this cycle. Later revelations in the novel suggest that he, an Irishman, came to Oz from the United States during a time when the Irish were actively persecuted and oppressed. Once a victim of extreme prejudice, he assumes control of Oz and goes on to perpetuate systemic violence against its most vulnerable citizens. His oppression of groups like Animals and the Quadlings mirrors, and even exceeds, the injustices he once faced. He rapes Melena and unknowingly fathers Elphaba, leaving a personal imprint of this corruption on the Witch’s own life, tying her existence to exploitation and abuse of power that she neither chose nor condones. Wicked argues that power in Oz is self-perpetuating, and it thrives on fear, propaganda, and violence. Even those with good intentions cannot wield power without risking becoming what they once opposed.

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Power and Oppression Quotes in Wicked

Below you will find the important quotes in Wicked related to the theme of Power and Oppression.
Prologue: On the Yellow Brick Road Quotes

“She’s a despot. A dangerous tyrant,” said the Lion with conviction.

[...] “I hear she’s a champion of home rule for the so-called Winkies.”

Related Characters: The Lion (speaker), The Tin Woodman (Nick Chopper) (speaker), Dorothy Gale, The Wizard, The Scarecrow, Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West), Sarima, Fiyero, Boq, Galinda (Glinda)
Page Number: 2
Explanation and Analysis:
1. The Root of Evil Quotes

“We stand at a crossroads. Idolatry looms. Traditional values in jeopardy. Truth under siege and virtue abandoned.”

He wasn’t talking to her so much as practicing his tirade against the coming spectacle of violence and magic. There was a side to Frex that verged on despair; unlike most men, he was able to channel it to benefit his life’s work.

Related Characters: Frex (speaker), The Wizard, Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West), Melena
Related Symbols: The Clock of the Time Dragon
Page Number: 9
Explanation and Analysis:
4. Maladies and Remedies Quotes

“But I remember once when a tinker with a funny accent gave me a draft of some heady brew from a green glass bottle. And I had rare expansive dreams, Nanny, of the Other World—cities of glass and smoke—noise and color—I tried to remember.”

Related Characters: Melena (speaker), The Wizard, Nanny, Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West)
Page Number: 29
Explanation and Analysis:
8. Darkness Abroad Quotes

“Horrors,” she said again, looking without binocular vision, staring at the glass in which her parents and Nanny could make out nothing but darkness. “Horrors.”

Related Characters: Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West) (speaker), Nanny, Turtle Heart, The Wizard, The Kumbric Witch
Page Number: 62
Explanation and Analysis:
9. Galinda Quotes

She was, after all, on her way to Shiz because she was smart.

But there was more than one way to be smart.

Related Characters: Galinda (Glinda), Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West), The Wizard
Page Number: 65
Explanation and Analysis:

Animals should be seen and not heard.

Related Characters: Madame Morrible (speaker), Doctor Dillamond, Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West), The Wizard, Grommetik
Page Number: 84
Explanation and Analysis:

She struggled with unnamed conflicts within her. Madame Morrible, for all her upper-class diction and fabulous wardrobe, seemed just a tad—oh—dangerous. [...] Galinda always felt as if she couldn’t see the whole picture.

Related Characters: Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West), Madame Morrible, Nessarose, Galinda (Glinda), Ama Clutch, The Wizard
Page Number: 92
Explanation and Analysis:
11. The Charmed Circle Quotes

“And the drought, after a few promising reprieves, continues unabated. The Animals are recalled to the lands of their ancestors, a ploy to give the farmers a sense of control over something anyway. It’s a systematic marginalizing of populations, Glinda, that’s what the Wizard’s all about.”

“We were talking about your childhood,” said Glinda.

“[...] You can’t divorce your particulars from politics.”

Related Characters: Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West) (speaker), Madame Morrible, Galinda (Glinda), The Wizard, Doctor Dillamond
Page Number: 135
Explanation and Analysis:

“You ask yourselves: [...] How may my talents flourish? How, my dears, how may I help my Oz?”

Elphaba’s foot twisted, caught the edge of a side table, and a cup and saucer fell to the floor and smashed.

Related Characters: Madame Morrible (speaker), Yackle, Galinda (Glinda), The Wizard, Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West), The Dwarf, Nessarose
Page Number: 160
Explanation and Analysis:

“If not immoral, then what word can I use to imply wrong?” said Elphaba.

“Try mysterious and then relax a little. The thing is, my green girlie, it is not for a girl, or a student, or a citizen to assess what is wrong. This is the job of leaders, and why we exist.”

Related Characters: The Wizard (speaker), Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West) (speaker), Galinda (Glinda), Doctor Dillamond
Page Number: 175
Explanation and Analysis:
12. City of Emeralds Quotes

“I was a tool. My dear father used me [...] he used me as an object lesson. Looking as I did, even singing as I can—they trusted him partly as a response to the freakiness of me.”

Related Characters: Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West) (speaker), Frex, Fiyero, The Unnamed God, The Wizard
Page Number: 195
Explanation and Analysis:

“I love you so much, Fiyero, you just don’t understand: Being born with a talent or an inclination for goodness is the aberration.”

She was right. He didn’t understand.

Related Characters: Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West) (speaker), Fiyero
Page Number: 200
Explanation and Analysis:
15. Uprisings Quotes

Nanny reported that Nessarose had grown to be far cleverer than anyone anticipated. She kept her cards close to her chest and issued vague statements about the revolutionary cause, statements that could be read several ways, depending on the audience.

Related Characters: Nessarose, Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West), Nanny, The Wizard, Melena
Page Number: 288
Explanation and Analysis:

“But Nessa now thinks she needs no one, to help her stand or help her govern. She listens less than ever. In some ways I think those shoes are dangerous.”

Related Characters: Frex (speaker), Galinda (Glinda), Nessarose, Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West)
Related Symbols: Nessa’s Sparkling Shoes
Page Number: 309
Explanation and Analysis:

Perhaps Nessie was right. And yet here they were, a dozen years later, two Witches, in a manner of speaking. And Glinda a sorceress for the public good. It was enough to make Elphie go back to Kiamo Ko and burn that Grimmerie, and burn the broom too, for that matter.

Related Characters: Madame Morrible, Nessarose, Galinda (Glinda), The Wizard, Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West)
Related Symbols: The Grimmerie
Page Number: 323
Explanation and Analysis:
16. The Murder and Its Afterlife Quotes

“I’m no pawn,” said Glinda. “I take all the credit in the world for my own foolishness. Good gracious, dear, all of life is a spell. You know that. But you do have some choice.”

Related Characters: Galinda (Glinda) (speaker), The Wizard, Madame Morrible, Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West)
Page Number: 346
Explanation and Analysis:

“People who claim they’re evil are usually no worse than the rest of us.” He sighed. “It’s people who claim that they’re good, or anyway better than the rest of us, that you have to be wary of.”

Related Characters: Boq (speaker), The Wizard, Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West), Madame Morrible
Page Number: 357
Explanation and Analysis:

Elphaba, who had endured Sarima’s refusal to forgive, now begged by a gibbering child for the same mercy always denied her? How could you give such a thing out of your own hollowness?

Related Characters: Elphaba (The Wicked Witch of the West), Nessarose, Fiyero, Dorothy Gale, Sarima
Page Number: 402
Explanation and Analysis: