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In Part 10: Confessions, Liesel finally shows Rudy The Word Shaker and tells him about Max. Death ends the chapter on a note of both dramatic and situational irony:
Years ago, when they’d raced on a muddy field, Rudy was a hastily assembled set of bones, with a jagged, rocky smile. In the trees this afternoon, he was a giver of bread and teddy bears. He was a triple Hitler Youth athletics champion. He was her best friend. And he was a month from his death.
“Of course I told him about you,” Liesel said.
She was saying goodbye and she didn’t even know it.
Dramatic irony has hung suspended between Liesel and Rudy for much of their friendship, as Liesel has kept her friendship with Max a secret from him. This secret was necessary to ensure everyone's safety, but it has kept Liesel and Rudy from being as close as they might otherwise have been. She always keeps him at an arm's length. In this scene, Liesel is finally able to be honest with Rudy about her life-changing friendship with Max. As Rudy looks at the book Max made her, he realizes that he is featured in it as a boy with "hair the color of lemons," meaning that Liesel has described him to Max in caring detail. This scene thus reveals not only Liesel's secret friendship with Max but also the important place Rudy holds in her life. It is a rare moment of vulnerability when his love for her is explicitly reciprocated.
However, just at the moment when the dramatic irony resolves and they are closer than ever, Death introduces a new secret that neither one of them knows. Rudy will die in just one month. The reader must bear this heartbreaking knowledge with Death throughout the rest of the novel. The dramatic irony is even more poignant because of the situational irony: Liesel and Rudy have finally started to sort out their relationship just in time to be torn asunder by circumstances beyond their control. Death reminds the reader that this kind of irony is all too common to the human experience, especially in times of war.












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Common Core-aligned