In The Jungle, Upton Sinclair’s writing style is full of graphic descriptions, unflinchingly realistic portrayals of the ugliness of everyday life, and unrelentingly rapid and demanding sentence structures and plot developments. His use of syntax is characterized by long and complex sentences broken up by short, pithy statements. These often contain contradictions and paradoxes as the narrator works through the assumptions characters make. This choice adds depth and complexity to the book. It reflects the nuanced motives behind what might otherwise seem like simple choices and naïve mistakes.
Furthermore, Sinclair's extremely regular use of figurative language—particularly similes and the sensory language of touch and sight—fill the novel with intense and often gruesome imagery. These vivid comparisons make the blood, sweat, and stink of the stockyards—as well as the frozen misery of urban poverty—feel very real. This book was rejected several times for publication as a novel because it was too graphic. However, the strength of its political message and Sinclair’s meticulous attention to historical detail are two major reasons it has remained in print since its first pressing by Doubleday in 1906.
Sinclair's diction is clear and direct, especially in the novel’s many sections of dialogue. The simplicity of the book’s dialogue adds authenticity to the characters' interactions, making them relatable and believable. The industrial subject of the book is also echoed in its form. Sinclair employs relentless pacing in his writing, mimicking the unforgiving, consistent pace of stockyard and factory labor.
