In the Penal Colony
by Franz Kafka
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In the Penal Colony Quotes

“For I was the former Commandant's assistant in all-penal matters and know more about the apparatus than anyone. My guiding principle is this: Guilt is never to be doubted. Other courts cannot follow that principle, for they consist of several opinions and have higher courts to scrutinize them.”

Related Characters: The Officer (speaker), The Old Commandant, The Prisoner
Page Number and Citation: 145
Explanation and Analysis:
Diverting from his tour of the apparatus, the officer takes a moment to explain the prisoner’s crime and the system of justice that he follows to the explorer. This is a system he learned from the old Commandant, one that enforces punishment for the sake of maintaining the social order rather than rehabilitation. In this aside, the officer reveals that the foundation of the traditional judicial system in the penal colony rests on the fact that guilt is assumed. Therefore, those accused of crimes—ostensibly always low status prisoners subject to the whims of other officers—are automatically guilty and have no Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque err

“Enlightenment comes to the most dull-witted. It begins around the eyes. From there it radiates. A moment that might tempt one to get under the Harrow oneself. Nothing more happens than that the man begins to understand the inscription, he purses his mouth as if he were listening. You have seen how difficult it is to decipher the script with one's eyes; but our man deciphers it with his wounds.”

Related Characters: The Officer (speaker), The Prisoner, The Explorer
Related Symbols: The Apparatus
Page Number and Citation: 150
Explanation and Analysis:
As the officer continues to explain the workings of the apparatus to the explorer, he points out a crucial part of the machine—the way it reveals “justice” to the prisoner. Instead of simply being told their sentence, the guilty learn the reason they are strapped to the apparatus through its excruciating work, which carves the sentence into their body with needles over and over again. What’s significant about this form of punishment is that its aim is not to offer any chance of rehabilitation or repentance to the person who committed an offense; their fate is clearly death. The reason Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inve

You are a foreigner, mind your own business. He could make no answer to that, unless he were to add that he was amazed at himself in this connection, for he traveled only as an observer, with no intention at all of altering other people's methods of administering justice. Yet here he found himself strongly tempted. The injustice of the procedure and the inhumanity of the execution were undeniable.

Related Characters: The Explorer , The Officer, The Prisoner
Related Symbols: The Apparatus
Page Number and Citation: 151
Explanation and Analysis:
The explorer, watching the officer and soldier begin to strap the prisoner to the apparatus, continues to have conflicted thoughts about his role in the proceedings. He wants to avoid conflict and assure himself he is simply a casual observer, yet he also understands that by not intervening he is complicit in an undeniable demonstration of cruelty. The explorer is struggling with his role in the penal colony as he is only guest, yet his Western sensibilities balk at the system of justice the officer has explained to him. The “inhumanity” of the procedure is a keen judgment against the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Mi

“He has calculated it carefully: this is your second day on the island, you did not know the old Commandant and his ways, you are conditioned by European ways of thought, perhaps you object on principle to capital punishment in general and to such mechanical instruments of death in particular…”

Related Characters: The Officer (speaker), The Explorer , The New Commandant, The Old Commandant
Related Symbols: The Apparatus
Page Number and Citation: 155
Explanation and Analysis:
The officer explains his theory about the schemes of the new Commandant to oust the use of the apparatus, and subsequently the officer’s entire system of justice, from the penal colony. Using the opinion of a famous guest like the explorer would enhance the new Commandant’s viewpoint and finally put the officer’s way of administering justice to an end. The officer cites the explorer’s “European ways of thought” as the reason for his potential objection to the apparatus. This reinforces the idea that the explorer, and the new Commandant, represent a liberal mindset that is oriented toward progress and way Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaq

“Of course the Commandant is the kind of man to have turned these conferences into public spectacles. He has had a gallery built that is always packed with spectators. I am compelled to take part in the conferences, but they make me sick with disgust.”

Related Characters: The Officer (speaker), The Explorer , The New Commandant
Page Number and Citation: 158
Explanation and Analysis:
The officer continues to rant about the new Commandant to the explorer and explains how the new leader has made changes to the way that society operates in the penal colony. In the past, residents of the penal colony would only participate in public life at the executions, crowding around the apparatus to watch prisoners be tortured. In contrast, the new Commandant invites the public to conferences where there is accountability and participation in civic life that doesn’t inherently involve death. This develops the notion that the new Commandant is aiming toward progress in a democratic manner that tries to Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium

Now the officer began to spell it, letter by letter, and then read out the words. “‘BE JUST!’ is what is written there,” he said, “surely you can read it now.”

Related Characters: The Officer (speaker), The Explorer
Page Number and Citation: 160
Explanation and Analysis:
Having resolved to become the final victim of the apparatus, the officer spells out his own sentence for the explorer, who is still pained to make out what is written on the slips of paper that direct the Harrow’s writing. By revealing the text, the officer is stating that his crime is injustice. From his perspective, the officer could not maintain the structures that would properly ensure justice. The fact that the explorer still cannot read the script, however, again suggests that understanding that this system is unintelligible to a progressive outsider. The officer is also imploring the explorer to, Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veni

The explorer bit his lips and said nothing. He knew very well what was going to happen, but he had no right to obstruct the officer in anything. If the judicial procedure which the officer cherished were really so near its end—possibly as a result of his own intervention, as to which he felt himself pledged—then the officer was doing the right thing; in his place the explorer would not have acted otherwise.

Related Characters: The Explorer , The Officer
Page Number and Citation: 163
Explanation and Analysis:
The explorer understands that the officer, having placed his sentence in the apparatus and stripped naked, is going to sacrifice himself and die for the system of justice he believes in so much. Despite his disgust for the apparatus, the explorer respects the conviction that binds the officer to his way of life. This conviction notably contrasts with the explorer’s own hesitancy to speak up throughout the story, suggesting that his own morals, however progressive, are more loosely held than those of the officer. The explorer’s thinking here again helps him rationalize his lack of action: he cannot disturb the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Pr

The condemned man especially seemed struck with the notion that some great change was impending. What had happened to him was now going to happen to the officer. Perhaps even to the very end. Apparently the foreign explorer had given the order for it. So this was revenge. Although he himself had not suffered to the end, he was to be revenged to the end. A broad, silent grin now appeared on his face and stayed there all the rest of the time.

Related Characters: The Prisoner, The Officer, The Explorer
Page Number and Citation: 163
Explanation and Analysis:
The prisoner, now freed from the apparatus, is slowly realizing that the officer is going to suffer the fate that was originally planned for himself. The dawning realization on the part of this member of the penal colony points to the bigger shift at work with the officer’s death—the social shift toward progress and away from the traditional authoritarian structures. The awakening of the prisoner also shows the extremity of the reversal of power at work as the officer dies. For the first time it appears that the prisoner is even able to formulate thoughts in response to things that Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas.

[…] no sign was visible of the promised redemption; what the others had found in the machine the officer had not found; the lips were firmly pressed together, the eyes were open with the same expression as in life, the look was calm and convinced, through the forehead went the point of the great iron spike.

Related Characters: The Explorer , The Officer
Related Symbols: The Apparatus
Page Number and Citation: 166
Explanation and Analysis:
In the officer’s final moments, the explorer sees that his face does not bear the mark of redemption that the officer had boasted comes with dying via the apparatus. Instead, the officer dies with conviction but no sense of being enlightened or redeemed. This is an ambiguous ending that could suggest redemption via apparatus is impossible and instead was a projection of the officer onto dying men. This system of justice is shown to be flawed and murderous instead of the pinnacle of human order that the officer believed in, and the officer dies without dignity. This implicitly undercuts his Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque

Here rests the old Commandant. His adherents, who now must be nameless, have dug this grave and set up this stone. There is a prophecy that after a certain number of years the commandant will rise again and lead his adherents from this house to recover the colony. Have faith and wait!

Related Characters: The Explorer , The Old Commandant
Page Number and Citation: 167
Explanation and Analysis:
The soldier takes the explorer to a teahouse, where the explorer reads the headstone of the old Commandant. The message of the headstone clearly shows the religious significance of the old Commandant, who ruled the penal colony like an authoritarian god and commanded religious devotion from his adherents. The stone suggests that the old Commandant will, like a messiah, come back to help his followers. The role of the headstone near the end of the story lends more significance to the officer’s sacrifice because it couches the death in the context of religious belief, which the story suggests is a Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas au
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