Throughout the novel, while those in power often frame their system of bureaucracy as a kind of bulwark to temper and protect against the chaos of war, they actually use that bureaucracy as a tool to oppress others. For example, when Anna and K want to leave Cape Town, agents at the permitting office tell K that he must fill out a complicated set of forms to get the permits that will enable them to travel. After K fills out those forms, though, the permits never come in, and it becomes clear that the bureaucratic system isn’t a tool to help mitigate the chaos of war. Instead, those in power use the convoluted nature of their bureaucratic system to keep K and Anna from moving, thereby stripping them of their sovereignty as individuals. In that way, bureaucracy becomes another tool that those in power use to assert and implement control over those who do not have power.
Similarly, when K is at the Jakkalsdrif camp, he tells a guard that he wants to leave and asks the guard to open a gate. The guard refuses, and K asks the guard what would happen if he (K) climbed the fence. The guard responds in a matter-of-fact tone that he would shoot K without hesitating. That response shows that the guard would follow orders and perform the duties of his job as a guard with no regard for K’s life or well-being. The guard follows up his response by saying, “No hard feelings.” In other words, the guard excuses his indifference with the explanation that he is only following orders, citing his position in a bureaucratic structure in order to deny any personal responsibility for K’s possible death. With that in mind, the novel argues that bureaucracy is a powerful tool that repressive regimes use not to temper the chaos of war but to implement the restrictive will of the government, both by holding people like K and Anna hostage to its repressive whims and by providing those in power with ways to excuse their moral indifference when carrying out cruel and violent acts.
Bureaucracy and the Chaos of War ThemeTracker
Bureaucracy and the Chaos of War Quotes in Life & Times of Michael K
Part 1, Pages 58-80 Quotes
‘Eat while you can,’ said the orderly who brought his food, ‘the great hunger is still to come.’
Part 1, Pages 80-100 Quotes
‘Anyway,’ said Robert, ‘they got a big fright. After that they started dropping pellets in the water and digging latrines and spraying for flies and bringing buckets of soup. But do you think they do it because they love us? Not a hope. They prefer it that we live because we look too terrible when we get sick and die. If we just grew thin and turned into paper and then into ash and floated away, they wouldn’t give a stuff for us. They just don’t want to get upset. They want to go to sleep feeling good.’
‘I don’t know,’ said K. ‘I don’t know.’
‘You don’t look deep enough,’ said Robert. ‘Take a good look in their hearts, then you’ll see.’
K shrugged.
‘You’re a baby,’ said Robert. ‘You’ve been asleep all your life. It’s time to wake up. Why do you think they give you charity, you and the children? Because they think you are harmless, your eyes aren’t opened, you don’t see the truth around you.’
[K] thought of himself not as something heavy that left tracks behind it, but if anything as a speck upon the surface of an earth too deeply asleep to notice the scratch of ant-feet, the rasp of butterfly teeth, the tumbling of dust.
I want to live here, he thought: I want to live here forever, where my mother and my grandmother lived. It is as simple as that. What a pity that to live in times like these a man must be ready to live like a beast. A man who wants to live cannot live in a house with lights in the windows. He must live in a hole and hide by day. A man must live so that he leaves no trace of his living. That is what it has come to.
Part 1, Pages 100-126 Quotes
In the same instant that he reached down to check that his shoelaces were tied, K knew that he would not crawl out and stand up and cross from darkness into firelight to announce himself. He even knew the reason why: because enough men had gone off to war saying the time for gardening was when the war was over; whereas there must be men to stay behind and keep gardening alive, or at least the idea of gardening; because once that cord was broken, the earth would grow hard and forget her children. That was why.
Between this reason and the truth that he would never announce himself, however, lay a gap wider than the distance separating him from the firelight. Always, when he tried to explain himself to himself, there remained a gap, a hole, a darkness before which his understanding baulked, into which it was useless to pour words. The words were eaten up, the gap remained. His was always a story with a hole in it: a wrong story, always wrong.
All that remains is to live here quietly for the rest of my life, eating the food that my own labour has made the earth to yield. All that remains is to be a tender of the soil. He lifted the first strip to his mouth. Beneath the crisply charred skin the flesh was soft and juicy. He chewed with tears of joy in his eyes. The best, he thought, the very best pumpkin I have tasted. For the first time since he had arrived in the country he found pleasure in eating. The aftertaste of the first slice left his mouth aching with sensual delight. He moved the grid off the coals and took a second slice. His teeth bit through the crust into the soft hot pulp. Such pumpkin, he thought, such pumpkin I could eat every day of my life and never want anything else.
But most of all, as summer slanted to an end, he was learning to love idleness, idleness no longer as stretches of freedom reclaimed by stealth here and there from involuntary labour, surreptitious thefts to be enjoyed sitting on his heels before a flower-bed with the fork dangling from his fingers, but as a yielding up of himself to time, to a time flowing slowly like oil from horizon to horizon over the face of the world, washing over his body, circulating in his armpits and his groin, stirring his eyelids. He was neither pleased nor displeased when there was work to do; it was all the same. He could lie all afternoon with his eyes open, staring at the corrugations in the roof-iron and the tracings of rust; his mind would not wander, he would see nothing but the iron, the lines would not transform themselves into pattern or fantasy; he was himself, lying in his own house, the rust was merely rust, all that was moving was time, bearing him onward in its flow.
From one seed a whole handful: that was what it meant to say the bounty of the earth.
Part 2, Pages 129-151 Quotes
He is like a stone, a pebble that, having lain around quietly minding its own business since the dawn of time, is now suddenly picked up and tossed randomly from hand to hand. A hard little stone, barely aware of its surroundings, enveloped in itself and its interior life. He passes through these institutions and camps and hospitals and God knows what else like a stone. Through the intestines of the war. An unbearing, unborn creature. I cannot really think of him as a man, though he is older than me by most reckonings.
No papers, no money; no family, no friends, no sense of who you are. The obscurest of the obscure, so obscure as to be a prodigy.
‘Felicity and I are the only people in the world who care enough to help you. Not because you are special but because it is our job. Why can’t you co-operate?’
[…]
‘I never asked for special treatment,’ croaked Michaels. I turned my back and walked out.
‘It’s not a question of dying,’ I said. ‘It’s not that he wants to die. He just doesn’t like the food here. Profoundly does not like it. He won’t even take babyfood. Maybe he only eats the bread of freedom.’
An awkward silence fell between us.
‘Maybe you and I wouldn’t like camp food either,’ I persisted.
Part 2, Pages 152-166 Quotes
‘Also,’ I said, ‘can you remind me why we are fighting this war? I was told once, but that was long ago and I seem to have forgotten.’
‘We are fighting this war,’ Noël said, ‘so that minorities will have a say in their destinies.’
We exchanged empty looks. Whatever my mood was, I could not get him to share it.
‘Let me have that certificate you promised,’ he said. ‘Don’t fill in the date, leave it blank.’
Then as I sat at the nurse’s table in the evening, with nothing to do and the ward in darkness and the south-easter beginning to stir outside and the concussion case breathing away quietly, it came to me with great force that I was wasting my life, that I was wasting it by living from day to day in a state of waiting, that I had in effect given myself up as a prisoner to this war.
‘Your stay in the camp was merely an allegory, if you know that word. It was an allegory—speaking at the highest level—of how scandalously, how outrageously a meaning can take up residence in a system without becoming a term in it.’
‘Let me tell you the meaning of the sacred and alluring garden that blooms in the heart of the desert and produces the food of life. The garden for which you are presently heading is nowhere and everywhere except in the camps. It is another name for the only place where you belong, Michaels, where you do not feel homeless. It is off every map, no road leads to it that is merely a road, and only you know the way.’
Part 3, Pages 171-184 Quotes
Perhaps the truth is that it is enough to be out of the camps, out of all the camps at the same time. Perhaps that is enough of an achievement, for the time being. How many people are there left who are neither locked up nor standing guard at the gate? I have escaped the camps; perhaps, if I lie low, I will escape the charity too.
It did not seem impossible that whoever it was who disregarded the curfew and came when it suited him to sleep in this smelly corner (K imagined him as a little old man with a stoop and a bottle in his side pocket who muttered all the time into his beard, the kind of old man the police ignored) might be tired of life at the seaside and want to take a holiday in the country if he could find a guide who knew the roads. They could share a bed tonight, it had been done before; in the morning, at first light, they could go out searching the back streets for an abandoned barrow; and if they were lucky the two of them could be spinning along the high road by ten o’clock, remembering to stop on the way to buy seeds and one or two other things, avoiding Stellenbosch perhaps, which seemed to be a place of ill luck.
And if the old man climbed out of the cart and stretched himself (things were gathering pace now) and looked at where the pump had been that the soldiers had blown up so that nothing should be left standing, and complained, saying, ‘What are we going to do about water?,’ he, Michael K, would produce a teaspoon from his pocket, a teaspoon and a long roll of string. He would clear the rubble from the mouth of the shaft, he would bend the handle of the teaspoon in a loop and tie the string to it, he would lower it down the shaft deep into the earth, and when he brought it up there would be water in the bowl of the spoon; and in that way, he would say, one can live.



