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Mann alludes to Saint Sebastian, a third-century Christian martyr often depicted in art, in a passage that describes Aschenbach's literary career and his dedication to his art:
At an early stage in the author’s career, a clever analyst had written [...] that it was the concept “of an intellectual and youthful masculinity that grits its teeth in proud modesty and stands by calmly while its body is pierced by swords and spears.” That was elegant, witty and correct [...] because composure beneath blows of fate, graciousness in the midst of torment, does not signify mere endurance; it is an active achievement, a positive triumph, and the figure of Saint Sebastian is the most beautiful symbol, if not in all of art, then at least in the type of art we are discussing [...]
The narrator describes a "clever analyst" who suggested that the protagonists of Aschenbach's novels are typically young men who suffer through pain, illness, and injury with an attitude of noble resignation. This analyst was correct, the narrator suggests, as the ability to maintain "composure beneath blows of fate" is important to Aschenbach, who wakes up early every morning in order to write his books in a steady and consistent manner. Summarizing Aschenbach's attitudes, the narrator describes Saint Sebastian as "the most beautiful symbol [...] in the type of art we are discussing." Saint Sebastian was a common subject for painters in the medieval and Renaissance periods, who painted and sculpted the young saint as his exposed body is pierced by arrows. Through this allusion, then, Mann suggests that Aschenbach believes that there is something noble in pursuing a goal despite profound suffering.

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Common Core-aligned