Everything Sad Is Untrue

by Daniel Nayeri

Khosrou Nayeri Character Analysis

Twelve-year-old Khosrou Nayeri, who goes by Daniel in school, is a stand-in for author Daniel Nayeri (who was originally named Khosrou). Nayeri has said that much of what happens in Everything Sad Is Untrue is autobiographical. In the present timeline of the novel, Khosrou has emigrated from Iran to the United States with his mom and his sister Dina, and they now live in Oklahoma with Khosrou and Dina’s stepfather Ray. Khosrou’s father stayed in Iran. Khosrou often feels like an outsider—the other kids in Mrs. Miller’s class don’t understand his stories about Iran and sometimes bully him. And yet, for Khosrou, his memories from Iran often feel very distant, as he has become more and more adapted to life in the United States. Although the story of Khosrou is a personal one, he also represents the larger plight of refugees, in particular how they have to reconstruct the past through a patchwork of incomplete memories in order to create a new identity for themselves.

Khosrou Nayeri Quotes in Everything Sad Is Untrue

The Everything Sad Is Untrue quotes below are all either spoken by Khosrou Nayeri or refer to Khosrou Nayeri. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Memory and Truth Theme Icon
).

Pages 1-32 Quotes

All Persians are liars and lying is a sin.

That’s what the kids in Mrs. Miller’s class think, but I’m the only Persian they’ve ever met, so I don’t know where they got that idea.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Mrs. Miller
Page Number and Citation: 1
Explanation and Analysis:

The bull saw me.

Its eye looked at me.

I remember this, because it was the only time I have ever been begged for anything. The bull let out a sound I can only say was like opening your mouth and trying to push all the food out of your stomach.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Baba Haji, Massoud
Related Symbols: Bull
Page Number and Citation: 7
Explanation and Analysis:

That was my first memory of my grandfather. My second memory is not a true one. It is the kind you invent in your head because you need to.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Baba Haji, Massoud
Related Symbols: Bull
Page Number and Citation: 9
Explanation and Analysis:

My dad calls once a month, on a Sunday afternoon.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Sima, Massoud, Dina
Page Number and Citation: 16
Explanation and Analysis:

Pages 32-76 Quotes

A patchwork story is the shame of a refugee.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 37
Explanation and Analysis:

I have a new father here in America. Did I mention this already? It’s called a “stepdad.” His name is Rahim, but he tells Americans to call him Ray. My sister says the only reason Mom married him was to give me a male role model so I’d know how to grow up into a man, and so we wouldn’t be on welfare.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Ray, Dina, Massoud, Sima
Page Number and Citation: 43
Explanation and Analysis:

If you really want to know the truth, it’s the forgetting that hurts most. Not the secret police trying to murder us. Not Brandon Goff shooting paper clips at my neck. Not Ray. Not everyone thinking I’m gross.

Those pains are pains that make me strong.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Brandon Goff, Ray, Sima, Massoud
Page Number and Citation: 48
Explanation and Analysis:

For my class project, I would like to present the 1,001 Nights, which will unconfuse you about some very important things.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Scheherazade, Mrs. Miller
Page Number and Citation: 57
Explanation and Analysis:

Pages 76-137 Quotes

Now you know how Persian love stories go.

It’s okay to be scared.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Khosrou II, Shirin, Maryam, Farhad, Sima, Ray
Page Number and Citation: 86
Explanation and Analysis:

Maybe the lesson is that you never know the damage you might do, when you’re trying to help. Or that a feud is a profoundly stupid thing.

There is no lesson maybe.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Aziz, Hassan, Doctor
Page Number and Citation: 96
Explanation and Analysis:

Wes yanked on my hand that was holding the hat. I wouldn’t let go of it. Wes tried to pry my fingers off of it. He finally pulled so hard I felt my thumb snap and separate to go with him.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Massoud, Wes, Jonboy, Pastor Hamond, Bobby, Sima
Page Number and Citation: 102
Explanation and Analysis:

“I was sent to tell you he’s dead,” said the goony man.

“Arman?”

“No. Your other one.”

Her librarian.

Ellie’s mind might have broken right then. No one knows. But she was never again completely sane.

Related Characters: Ellie (speaker), Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Arman
Page Number and Citation: 134
Explanation and Analysis:

Pages 137-154 Quotes

He hated her. Even in his brand-new kid heart, he’d found the hate spot.

And she’s just standing there with a tiny delicate finger placed in the hinge of a big wooden door.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Dina, Sima, Ellie
Page Number and Citation: 168
Explanation and Analysis:

“I’d rather get hemorrhoids than poop on the floor,” said Jared.

I should repeat, it’s not on the floor. The toilet pan is just set at ground level. Rich people have lots of colorful stonework tiles around it, like you’re pooping into a little babbling river in a field of flowers.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Mrs. Miller
Page Number and Citation: 176
Explanation and Analysis:

It was a fight between siblings. But if you know anything about fights, the ones in a family are way worse than the ones between strangers.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Ray, Dina, Sima
Page Number and Citation: 181
Explanation and Analysis:

Anyway, the miracles were these:

1. The papers

2. The police

3. The plane

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Sima, Massoud, Dina
Page Number and Citation: 221
Explanation and Analysis:

I don’t know what she’s talking about, only that after being friends with him my whole life, I am supposed to leave Mr. Sheep Sheep to die.

My mom has the one suitcase. There are no toys in it.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Sima, Massoud, Dina
Related Symbols: Mr. Sheep Sheep
Page Number and Citation: 226
Explanation and Analysis:

Pages 154-279 Quotes

You might feel what I felt on the roof that night. I was ashamed of being so weak, angry at Ray for everything he’d done, tired of being poor, and afraid of the thunder and lightning crashing all around me. I thought of my Baba Haji as I braced against the roof of the house.

I prayed to God I would see him again.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Sima, Baba Haji, Ray
Page Number and Citation: 237
Explanation and Analysis:

My plan was to show him my greatness and fill him with the desire to be our dad until at least I turned eight.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Massoud, Dina
Page Number and Citation: 268
Explanation and Analysis:

Pages 279-343 Quotes

That made Ali Shekari the ultimate hero. A champion of champions who would not eat frankfurters or fries from the hand of a begrudging host.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Ali Shekari
Page Number and Citation: 288
Explanation and Analysis:

Gigantic smile. Big bushy mustache. Shorter and fatter than I remembered. His red hair had gone beige and white.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Massoud
Page Number and Citation: 313
Explanation and Analysis:

I woke up the next morning with Mr. Sheep Sheep’s head dangling off his body like a pinky finger caught in a door. The stitching had come loose overnight.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Massoud, Dina
Related Symbols: Mr. Sheep Sheep
Page Number and Citation: 319
Explanation and Analysis:

But I’ll tell you one thing now. If I ever have a kid, I wouldn’t let them go, ever. Even if they had to leave Earth, and I had to follow them into airless space, I’d hold on to them and suffocate, but at least I’d have held them close. And I wouldn’t hit my wife either, not for any reason, not even if she hit me.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Ray, Sima, Massoud
Page Number and Citation: 343
Explanation and Analysis:

Pages 343-354 Quotes

He looks like a panther staring down at a parrot. He looks like he wants to kill her. And Dina, that’s my sister’s name, stares back unafraid, and dares him to do it.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Ray, Sima, Dina
Page Number and Citation: 346
Explanation and Analysis:

We sat in the dark motel room with the light of the TV flickering. I knew we would be whole one day.

Maybe it would take a thousand years.

But we’d get there, little by little.

Related Characters: Khosrou Nayeri (speaker), Sima, Dina, Ray
Page Number and Citation: 351
Explanation and Analysis:
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Khosrou Nayeri Character Timeline in Everything Sad Is Untrue

The timeline below shows where the character Khosrou Nayeri appears in Everything Sad Is Untrue. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Pages 1-32
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When Khosrou Nayeri is about 12 years old, everyone else in Mrs. Miller’s class believes that Persians... (full context)
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Khosrou’s first memory of his Baba Haji is when he was three years old and he... (full context)
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It’s in the courtyard of Baba Haji’s house that Khosrou witnessed the bull. Several men were trying to control the bull as it bucked, and... (full context)
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Khosrou’s second memory of Baba Haji isn’t real but made up. Years later, his dad tells... (full context)
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Now, Khosrou is 12 years old and living in Oklahoma, where he, his mom, and his sister... (full context)
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From Oklahoma, Khosrou speaks to his dad, who is still in Iran, once a month on Sunday afternoons.... (full context)
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Khosrou’s dad’s family supposedly got its money from an ancestor who was a doctor. This ancient... (full context)
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Khosrou tries to tell the story of Jamshid to Mrs. Miller’s class for a report, but... (full context)
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Today, living in Oklahoma, Khosrou and his family live in much humbler conditions than Jamshid did. He remembers his dad... (full context)
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One day, a girl in Mrs. Miller’s class named Jennifer S. asks Khosrou if he’s going to the dance. He says no, because he never goes to dances.... (full context)
Pages 32-76
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One of the stories that Khosrou hears while growing up is the myth of the baker and Tamar. Back in Khosrou’s... (full context)
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Now, in Oklahoma, Khosrou’s mom drops him off at the library on Saturdays while she works. There are no... (full context)
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Growing up, Khosrou got a reputation in his family for being “mazloom,” a word that means “cute and... (full context)
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Ray is Khosrou’s new stepfather. His name is Rahim, but Ray is what Americans call him. Unlike Khosrou’s... (full context)
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Khosrou has heard myths that Ray was one of 16 children, born near the border between... (full context)
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Meeting Ray makes Khosrou forget all the bad things about his dad and wish for him to be back.... (full context)
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On his mom’s side, Khosrou can remember his great-grandmother Aziz, who lived by a meadow with a river running through... (full context)
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Khosrou came to learn that Aziz’s life story was interesting even without magic fish, although it’s... (full context)
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...to get the deed to the land themselves, then kept Aziz on as a servant. Khosrou doesn’t know much about this part of the story because no one seems to ever... (full context)
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Now in Oklahoma, Khosrou lives with his mom, sister, and Ray in an apartment. One day, while Ray is... (full context)
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In Mrs. Miller’s class, Khosrou and the others make goody bags to send to American soldiers in Iraq. People often... (full context)
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Khosrou has a crush on Kelly J., even though she doesn’t seem to like him. He... (full context)
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...went off alone on a horse cart to Karaj to be married. In the present, Khosrou has heard that all Persian love stories are tragedies. (full context)
Pages 76-137
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Khosrou is named in part for a shah named Khosrou II from the year 500, who... (full context)
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While still a young man, a warlord named Chobin chased Khosrou II off the throne. He took refuge in Armenia, where he finally met Shirin in... (full context)
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Khosrou II managed to defeat Chobin, but by the time he finished, he heard that a... (full context)
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When Shirin heard about Farhad’s death, she guessed that Khosrou II was involved. Still, she wanted to marry him, and so she secretly poisoned Maryam... (full context)
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...marry Hassan, a man in his twenties, but she came to genuinely love him. Present-day Khosrou thinks the time period for this story must be about the 1940s. In 1940s Karaj,... (full context)
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A few years passed in Karaj, and Hassan and Aziz had a baby daughter (Khosrou’s grandmother, Ellie). The local doctor refused to help with the birth due to his ongoing... (full context)
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People in present-day Oklahoma don’t poison one another, but Khosrou does find some of their canned food disgusting and barely edible. Khosrou and his mom... (full context)
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Jonboy threatens to put food on Khosrou’s Dolphins hat, so Khosrou puts his hand in the BBQ and threatens to throw it... (full context)
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The Cowboys eventually beat the Dolphins during the game. Khosrou needs a cast for his hand. Wes avoids him after that, although Bobby still talks... (full context)
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Khosrou’s mom divorces Ray. Pastor Hamond said Jesus would allow it, since Ray broke her jaw.... (full context)
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...and an orphan as she raised Ellie, her daughter with the deceased Hassan (and eventually Khosrou’s grandmother). Two years later, however, she met a man named Agha who loved her and... (full context)
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For as long as Khosrou has been alive, Ellie has lived in England. She was married to a man named... (full context)
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In the present, Khosrou reflects on how it’s strange that he only has a couple memories for his three... (full context)
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Khosrou also remembers going pheasant-hunting with his dad and his dad’s brother-in-law, Askar. Khosrou was only... (full context)
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In fact, Ellie did have a lover back then, but Khosrou knows none of the real story, which is why he made up a librarian. All... (full context)
Pages 137-154
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One day, in the present, Khosrou is running late for school. He often misses the first part of school because he... (full context)
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In spite of missing class, Khosrou does well in school. He learns that he actually has to hold back sometimes to... (full context)
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Khosrou begins to learn strategies to be inconspicuous on the bus, but one day, he still... (full context)
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...she left her old life behind and adapted to speaking English. One of her daughters, Khosrou’s aunt Sanaz, eventually married an English man named Charles. Khosrou, then three years old, went... (full context)
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The next morning in London after Khosrou’s sister’s finger injury, she seemed surprisingly happy. She told Khosrou she’d met an angel that... (full context)
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Back in the present, in Mrs. Miller’s class, Khosrou struggles to explain to the other students how in Iran, toilets aren’t raised chairs but... (full context)
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In London, Khosrou’s mom was worried about the effects of Khosrou’s sister supposedly converting to Christianity. Back in... (full context)
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In present-day Oklahoma, Khosrou is invited over to Kyle’s house. Kyle has been over to Khosrou’s house once already,... (full context)
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Before dessert, Khosrou all of a sudden has to use the bathroom. He has never pooped anywhere except... (full context)
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...Christianity or Judaism, although it’s less serious when converting to Buddhism or other religions. To Khosrou’s shock, shortly after his sister saw Jesus in London, his mom converted to Christianity too.... (full context)
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...issue a fatwa, a death warrant. Nevertheless, on that trip to London for Sanaz’s wedding, Khosrou’s mom got baptized. Years later, in Oklahoma, when Khosrou talks to his dad on the... (full context)
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When Khosrou’s mom made it back from London to Iran, she and the family took refuge by... (full context)
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One day after getting back to Iran, the secret police (the Committee) suddenly apprehended Khosrou’s mom with a black van. Later, no one would ever tell Khosrou what happened to... (full context)
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Khosrou thinks how one advantage Scheherazade had in 1,001 Nights was how she spoke to the... (full context)
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Khosrou knows some of the story about his family’s escape from Iran firsthand and has learned... (full context)
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Eventually, Khosrou, his mom, and his sister went to the airport to leave Iran. As Khosrou tells... (full context)
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Still in Iran, Khosrou found himself in a field by a parking lot with his mom, dad, and sister.... (full context)
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The next miracle happened after Khosrou, his mom, and his sister reached the airport, although he didn’t know about them at... (full context)
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The third miracle was that Khosrou’s mom didn’t have plane tickets. They had no plan for how to actually leave the... (full context)
Pages 154-279
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In the present in Oklahoma, Ray walks in on Khosrou one night at 2 a.m. when Khosrou is reading The Hobbit. Ray is wearing a... (full context)
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Khosrou helps Ray with pounding shingles back into the roof, which is difficult in the whipping... (full context)
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One day, sometime later in Oklahoma, Ray comes up to Khosrou and tells him to start digging a hole in the yard with a shovel. He... (full context)
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The burst pipe is not the worst smell Khosrou has ever encountered. He thinks back to the smell of opium, which is sweeter but... (full context)
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Khosrou has only a few memories of his time in Dubai. He, his mom, and his... (full context)
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In Dubai, Khosrou’s dad was able to visit them, although Khosrou wasn’t told until the last minute, because... (full context)
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After breakfast, Khosrou hoped maybe he could do something impressive to make his dad stay in Dubai. At... (full context)
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In Oklahoma in the present, Khosrou’s mom works as a janitor in the hospital, in spite of having a medical degree... (full context)
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Khosrou and his family ended up spending a year in Dubai, mostly in the waiting room... (full context)
Pages 279-343
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One day in Oklahoma, Khosrou all of a sudden learns that his father is coming to visit in the United... (full context)
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After Dubai, Khosrou and his mom and sister lived in Italy, staying at a big cement building called... (full context)
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At the Hotel Barbra, Khosrou became friends with Ali Shekari, who was 17, 10 years older than Khosrou, but who... (full context)
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Over the course of Khosrou’s time in Italy, Ali Shekari taught Khosrou many things, like how to steal peaches without... (full context)
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...Ali, all the waiting at the refugee camp in Italy became even more torturous to Khosrou. A kind woman named Karen helped the refugees out, including allowing Khosrou to come over... (full context)
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After six years away from Khosrou, Khosrou’s dad finally arrives at the airport in Oklahoma. When he arrives, he is shorter... (full context)
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Khosrou can’t get over how small his dad looks, and he has to admit that Ray... (full context)
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When Khosrou’s dad makes it back to their apartment in Oklahoma, Khosrou can tell that he is... (full context)
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Khosrou recognizes his dad’s motel—it’s the same place he and his mom stayed sometimes if Ray... (full context)
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Khosrou’s dad impresses the class with the stories he knows, and they like the taste of... (full context)
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­A couple months after finishing their paperwork in Italy, Khosrou and his mom and sister were finally allowed to seek asylum in the United States,... (full context)
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In Oklahoma now, Pastor Hamond dedicates a sermon to Khosrou’s dad, talking to him directly at the service. He wants Khosrou to feel the glory... (full context)
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As Khosrou watches his dad get baptized in enough water to leave him soaking, he hopes that... (full context)
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The next morning, Khosrou’s dad takes him to a manmade waterpark called White Water Rapids. It’s not the type... (full context)
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Khosrou cowers, wondering if he should try to fight back. But Brandon just laughs and says... (full context)
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Khosrou goes over to see his dad in the lounge area and finds that his dad... (full context)
Pages 343-354
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When Khosrou gets back from taking his dad to the airport, Ray is in a bad mood.... (full context)
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In his anger, Ray slams Khosrou’s mom against the wall. His sister calls Ray an “animal.” Ray dares her to say... (full context)
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Khosrou’s mom doesn’t want to go to the hospital yet again, fearing that her third visit... (full context)
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Later that night at the motel, Khosrou asks his mom if she remembers what happened Baba Haji and the bull he killed.... (full context)