Story of Your Life

by Ted Chiang

Dr. Louise Banks Character Analysis

Dr. Louise Banks, the first-person narrator, is a linguist recruited by the U.S. military to learn the language of the heptapods, an alien species mysteriously orbiting Earth. An intelligent professional with a wry sense of humor, Louise collaborates with the physicist Dr. Gary Donnelly to learn both the heptapods’ spoken language, Heptapod A, and their written language, Heptapod B. As she learns Heptapod B, a language in which picture-words can be combined into enormous designs and read in any order, Louise realizes that the heptapods experience time differently than humans do: whereas humans experience time in a sequence from past to future, the heptapods experience their entire lives simultaneously. Learning Heptapod B changes how Louise thinks: in learning it, she gains the ability to “remember” her own future, a shadow of the heptapods’ ability to experience all time simultaneously. By remembering the future, Louise learns that she and Dr. Gary Donnelly are going to have a daughter and subsequently get a divorce. Their daughter will die in a climbing accident at the age of 25. “Story of Your Life” consists of Louise telling this unborn daughter the story of her conception, and the main narrative is interspersed with Louise’s future “memories” of her daughter. Louise’s new ability to remember the future deprives her of free will, in that she feels compelled to do exactly what she remembers she will do. At the end of the story, Louise agrees to have a baby with Gary and reflects that while she knows what is going to happen, she doesn’t know what her subjective experience of the events will be when they actually occur.

Dr. Louise Banks Quotes in Story of Your Life

The Story of Your Life quotes below are all either spoken by Dr. Louise Banks or refer to Dr. Louise Banks. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Language Theme Icon
).

Story of Your Life Quotes

Your father is about to ask me the question. This is the most important moment in our lives, and I want to pay attention, note every detail. Your dad and I have just come back from an evening out, dinner and a show; it’s after midnight. We came out onto the patio to look at the full moon; then I told your dad I wanted to dance, so he humors me and now we’re slow-dancing, a pair of thirtysomethings swaying back and forth in the moonlight like kids. I don’t feel the night chill at all. And then your dad says, “Do you want to make a baby?”

[…]

I’d love to tell you the story of this evening, the night you’re conceived, but the right time to do that would be when you’re ready to have children of your own, and we’ll never get that chance.

Related Characters: Dr. Louise Banks (speaker), Louise’s Daughter, Dr. Gary Donnelly
Page Number and Citation: 91
Explanation and Analysis:

Colonel Weber frowned. “You seem to be implying that no alien could have learned human languages by monitoring our broadcasts.”

“I doubt it. They’d need instructional material specifically designed to teach human languages to nonhumans. Either that, or interaction with a human. If they had either of those, they could learn a lot from TV, but otherwise, they wouldn’t have a starting point.”

The colonel clearly found this interesting; evidently his philosophy was, the less the aliens knew, the better. Gary Donnelly read the colonel’s expression too and rolled his eyes. I suppressed a smile.

Related Characters: Colonel Weber (speaker), Dr. Louise Banks (speaker), Dr. Gary Donnelly
Page Number and Citation: 94
Explanation and Analysis:

Seven lidless eyes ringed the top of the heptapod’s body. It walked back to the doorway from which it entered, made a brief sputtering sound, and returned to the center of the room followed by another heptapod; at no point did it ever turn around. Eerie, but logical; with eyes on all sides, any direction might as well be ‘forward.’

Related Characters: Dr. Louise Banks (speaker)
Related Symbols: Heptapod B
Page Number and Citation: 97
Explanation and Analysis:

“Their script isn’t word divided; a sentence is written by joining the logograms for the constituent words. They join the logograms by rotating and modifying them. Take a look.” I showed him how the logograms were rotated.

“So they can read a word with equal ease no matter how it’s rotated,” Gary said. He turned to look at the heptapods, impressed. “I wonder if it’s a consequence of their body’s radial symmetry: their bodies have no ‘forward’ direction, so maybe their writing doesn’t either. Highly neat.”

Related Characters: Dr. Gary Donnelly (speaker), Dr. Louise Banks (speaker)
Related Symbols: Heptapod B
Page Number and Citation: 105-106
Explanation and Analysis:

“I wanna be in Hawaii now,” you’ll whine.

“Sometimes it’s good to wait,” I’ll say. “The anticipation makes it more fun when you get there.”

You’ll just pout.

Related Characters: Dr. Louise Banks (speaker), Louise’s Daughter (speaker), Dr. Gary Donnelly
Page Number and Citation: 111
Explanation and Analysis:

It won’t have been that long since you enjoyed going shopping with me; it will forever astonish me how quickly you grow out of one phase and enter another. Living with you will be like aiming for a moving target; you’ll always be further along than I expect.

Related Characters: Dr. Louise Banks (speaker), Louise’s Daughter
Related Symbols: Heptapod B
Page Number and Citation: 115
Explanation and Analysis:

There’s a joke that I once heard a comedienne tell. It goes like this: “I’m not sure if I’m ready to have children. I asked a friend of mine who has children, ‘Suppose I do have kids. What if when they grow up, they blame me for everything that’s wrong with their lives?’ She laughed and said, ‘What do you mean, if’”

That’s my favorite joke.

Related Characters: Dr. Louise Banks (speaker), Louise’s Daughter
Related Symbols: Heptapod B
Page Number and Citation: 123
Explanation and Analysis:

As I grew more fluent, semagraphic designs would appear fully formed, articulating even complex ideas all at once. My thought processes weren’t moving any faster as a result, though. Instead of racing forward, my mind hung balanced on the symmetry underlying the semagrams. The semagrams seemed to be something more than language; they were almost like mandalas. I found myself in a meditative state, contemplating the way in which premises and conclusions were interchangeable. There was no direction inherent in the way propositions were connected, no “train of thought” moving along a particular route; all the components in an act of reasoning were equally powerful, all having identical precedence.

Related Characters: Dr. Louise Banks (speaker)
Related Symbols: Heptapod B
Page Number and Citation: 127
Explanation and Analysis:

“I should emphasize that our relationship with the heptapods need not be adversarial. This is not a situation where every gain on their part is a loss on ours, or vice versa. If we handle ourselves correctly, both we and the heptapods can come out winners."

"You mean it’s a non-zero-sum game?” Gary said in mock incredulity. “Oh my gosh.”

Related Characters: Hossner (speaker), Dr. Gary Donnelly (speaker), Dr. Louise Banks
Page Number and Citation: 128
Explanation and Analysis:

The existence of free will meant that we couldn’t know the future. And we knew free will existed because we had direct experience of it. Volition was an intrinsic part of consciousness.

Or was it? What if the experience of knowing the future changed a person? What if it evoked a sense of urgency, a sense of obligation to act precisely as she knew she would?

Related Characters: Dr. Louise Banks (speaker)
Related Symbols: Heptapod B
Page Number and Citation: 132
Explanation and Analysis:

When you are three, you’ll pull a dishtowel off the kitchen counter and bring that salad bowl down on top of you. I’ll make a grab for it, but I’ll miss. The edge of the bowl will leave you with a cut, on the upper edge of your forehead, that will require a single stitch. Your father and I will hold you, sobbing and stained with Caesar dressing, as we wait in the emergency room for hours.

I reached out and took the bowl from the shelf. The motion didn’t feel like something I was forced to do. Instead, it seemed just as urgent as my rushing to catch the bowl when it falls on you: an instinct that I felt right in following.

Related Characters: Dr. Louise Banks (speaker), Dr. Gary Donnelly, Louise’s Daughter
Related Symbols: Heptapod B
Page Number and Citation: 132-133
Explanation and Analysis:

NOW is the only moment you’ll perceive; you’ll live in the present tense. In many ways, it’s an enviable state.

Related Characters: Dr. Louise Banks (speaker), Louise’s Daughter
Related Symbols: Heptapod B
Page Number and Citation: 136-137
Explanation and Analysis:

Freedom isn’t an illusion; it’s perfectly real in the context of sequential consciousness. Within the context of simultaneous consciousness, freedom is not meaningful, but neither is coercion; it’s simply a different context, no more or less valid than the other. It’s like that famous optical illusion, the drawing of either an elegant young woman, face turned away from the viewer, or a wart-nosed crone, chin tucked down on her chest. There’s no “correct” interpretation; both are equally valid. But you can’t see both at the same time.

Related Characters: Dr. Louise Banks (speaker), Dr. Gary Donnelly, Louise’s Daughter
Related Symbols: Heptapod B
Page Number and Citation: 137
Explanation and Analysis:

“Well if you already know how the story goes, why do you need me to read it to you?”

“Cause I wanna hear it!”

Related Characters: Dr. Louise Banks (speaker), Louise’s Daughter (speaker)
Related Symbols: Heptapod B
Page Number and Citation: 138
Explanation and Analysis:

Working with the heptapods changed my life. I met your father and learned Heptapod B, both of which make it possible for me to know you now, here on the patio in the moonlight. Eventually, many years from now, I’ll be without your father, and without you. All I will have left from this moment is the heptapod language. So I pay close attention, and note every detail.

From the beginning I knew my destination, and I chose my route accordingly. But am I working toward an extreme of joy, or of pain? Will I achieve a minimum, or a maximum?

Related Characters: Dr. Louise Banks (speaker), Dr. Gary Donnelly, Louise’s Daughter
Related Symbols: Heptapod B
Page Number and Citation: 144-145
Explanation and Analysis:
Get the entire Story of Your Life LitChart as a printable PDF.
"My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." -Graham S.
Story of Your Life PDF

Dr. Louise Banks Character Timeline in Story of Your Life

The timeline below shows where the character Dr. Louise Banks appears in Story of Your Life. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Story of Your Life
Time Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
The narrator (who is later revealed to be Dr. Louise Banks) tells her unborn child (later revealed to be a daughter) that she and her... (full context)
Time Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
The narrator (Dr. Louise Banks) remembers how her daughter, at age 12, will complain that the narrator only had... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Finally, the narrator (Dr. Louise Banks) remembers how the story of her daughter’s conception really began: with aliens visiting Earth,... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
In a flashback, the narrator, whose name is now revealed to be Dr. Louise Banks, meets a man in a military uniform named Colonel Weber and a scholarly-looking physicist... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Colonel Weber refuses to let Louise meet the aliens, but she insists that “someone with training in field linguistics” will simply... (full context)
Parenthood Theme Icon
Narrating to her unborn daughter, Louise says that the phone call to arrange that meeting was the second-most significant one in... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
In a flashback, Louise drives to a farm where the army has built a camp surrounding one of the... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Louise and Gary enter the tent and see what looks like a large “semicircular mirror.” As... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Louise and Gary approach the looking glass, and the aliens do too. Louise points to herself... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
On the computer, Louise labels the sound recordings for the words she believes she has isolated: “‘heptapod’ for [flutter1],... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Louise tries to reproduce the heptapod’s word for “heptapod” with her own voice, but the aliens... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
In an aside, Louise tells a story about Captain Cook’s sailors trying to communicate with Aboriginal Australians. According to... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Louise’s favorite source of “language-learning anecdotes” is children. Narrating to her unborn daughter, she recalls when... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
In a flashback, Louise and Gary visit Colonel Weber in the army camp’s operations center. Louise asks Colonel Weber... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Colonel Weber asks Gary for his thoughts, and Gary backs Louise up. He’s curious whether the heptapods will be able to read words on the humans’... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Narrating to her daughter, Louise describes an evening when she’ll wait for her date, Nelson, to pick her up. Louise’s... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
When Nelson does arrive, Roxie will ask about the weather, and Louise’s daughter will say that “it’s going to be really hot.” Nelson will say that he... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
In a flashback, Louise and Gary set up the additional equipment Colonel Weber has granted them and begin projecting... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Louise asks Gary to perform various actions so that she can elicit the words for various... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Louise tries to elicit some subject-verb-object sentences from the heptapods by making Gary eat an apple... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Louise, frustrated, explains to Gary that the heptapods’ written language does not separate words. Instead, they... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
The heptapods continue to teach Louise and Gary their language. Louise meets via video conference with the researchers stationed at different... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
...words look like graphic designs. This language seems too primitive given the heptapods’ sophisticated technology. Louise lands on three possible conclusions: the heptapods are hiding their real writing system, they’re using... (full context)
Parenthood Theme Icon
Narrating to her unborn daughter, Louise remembers when her daughter, then a junior in high school, will tell Louise about how... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
In a flashback, Louise sees Gary at the camp around the looking glass and runs to tell him what... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Gary asks Louise whether humans have any such writing systems, and Louise tells him the only human equivalents... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Gary asks Louise why the heptapods would have two entirely different languages for speaking and writing. She speculates... (full context)
Time Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Narrating to her unborn daughter, Louise says that when her daughter is six, they will plan to go with the daughter’s... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
In a flashback, Louise proposes the term “semagram” to describe words in Heptapod B, since “logogram” would imply that... (full context)
Time Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Narrating to her unborn daughter, Louise describes a photograph of her daughter from her college graduation, wearing sunglasses and posed sassily.... (full context)
Time Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Narrating to her unborn daughter, Louise describes a time when her daughter is 13 and Louise will take her to the... (full context)
Time Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
In a flashback, Louise sits at her desk examining a sentence of Heptapod B she has tried to write.... (full context)
Time Theme Icon
Louise asks for an explanation. Gary adds to his diagram, drawing a line from point A... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
This principle is the first advanced physics communication that the heptapods have understood. Louise asks why the linguists aiding the physicists in communicating with the heptapods weren’t briefed on... (full context)
Time Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Louise asks, “You think the heptapods’ idea of what’s simple doesn’t match ours?” Gary says yes,... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
...Gary explains that this breakthrough could help humans understand heptapod math. Then, unexpectedly, he asks Louise to dinner, and she says yes. (full context)
Parenthood Theme Icon
Narrating to her unborn daughter, Louise remembers that when her daughter first learns to walk, Louise will feel the pain of... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
...physics. They discover that physics concepts the humans consider advanced are fundamental to the heptapods. Louise ponders what it means that what is advanced to humans is simple to the heptapods,... (full context)
Free Will Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Narrating to her unborn daughter, Louise says that the daughter’s eyes will be blue like her father’s, not brown like Louise’s.... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
In a flashback, Louise video conferences with Cisneros, a linguist working with the looking glass in Massachusetts. Cisneros wonders... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Louise finds that the first line Flapper drew travels across several different semagrams in the completed... (full context)
Free Will Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
 In an aside, Louise recounts a joke by a female comedian about why she’s hesitant to have children. In... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
In a flashback, Gary and Louise are eating dinner together at a Chinese restaurant that they’ve started going to regularly. She... (full context)
Free Will Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Narrating to her unborn daughter, Louise recalls that her daughter, at 14, will ask for help on her homework. Specifically, Louise’s... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
In a flashback, Louise learns over time to write Heptapod B. She becomes able to write complete sentences without... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Due to her practice in Heptapod B, Louise is now seeing her thoughts as written semagrams. She notes that rather than progressing linearly,... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Louise and Gary attend a lecture by a man named Hossner, an employee of the U.S.... (full context)
Parenthood Theme Icon
When her daughter is 14, Louise will recall the special term for a win-win situation that her daughter’s father used and... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
In a flashback to Hossner’s lecture, Gary calls Louise’s name. She apologizes for her distraction and asks him what he said. He asks Louise... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
...Earth to observe. Hossner refuses to believe that that could be the truth. Gary asks Louise to wake him up if Hossner says anything interesting, and Louise replies that she was... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Louise thinks about the difference between human and heptapod physics and the difference between human and... (full context)
Free Will Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Narrating to her unborn daughter, Louise recalls her daughter, at age three, asking why. Louise will tell her daughter that it’s... (full context)
Free Will Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Louise wonders whether you can know the future. She notes that most people conclude it may... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
In a flashback, Louise enters Gary’s office and asks him to dinner. He suggests they go to his house... (full context)
Free Will Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
...way to Gary’s house, they stop at a market to buy ingredients. In the market, Louise sees a wooden salad bowl. She remembers that when her unborn daughter is three, the... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Louise meditates on the sentence “The rabbit is ready to eat.” She notes that, depending on... (full context)
Free Will Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Louise describes a recurring dream about her daughter’s death. In the dream, Louise is rock-climbing and... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
In a flashback, Gary asks Louise whether she’s okay. They’re in bed together, and Louise has just woken Gary by sitting... (full context)
Free Will Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Narrating to her unborn daughter, Louise remembers that when her daughter is three, she and Louise will be climbing stairs together.... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
In a flashback, Louise writes an enormous sentence in Heptapod B and then examines it. She realizes that the... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Gary enters Louise’s office and tells her that Colonel Weber is coming. Louise recalls that she is supposed... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Narrating to her unborn daughter, Louise remembers how she will breastfeed her daughter when her daughter is a month old. She... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Free Will Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Louise muses that while the heptapods don’t have what humans would call free will, they’re nevertheless... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
In a flashback, Louise watches a videotape in which the linguist Burghart is translating a conversation between some heptapods... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Louise remembers that she will read the story of Goldilocks and the three bears to her... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Free Will Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
In a flashback, Louise is talking with Gary and Colonel Weber in Colonel Weber’s office. She explains to Colonel... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Colonel Weber asks whether humans can ask for something specific. Louise tells him that the heptapods won’t ask for something specific from the humans, but the... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
...displeased; he suggests that he’ll talk to the State Department about arranging a “gift-giving ceremony.” Louise tells him she thinks that’s a good idea. (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Louise muses that while Heptapod B has changed the way she thinks, she still doesn’t think... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
In a flashback, Louise writes out a sentence in Heptapod B suggesting the heptapods begin the gift exchange. Raspberry... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
...it could be “materials technology.” In response, Colonel Weber says, “Maybe we’re finally getting somewhere.” Louise thinks that she would prefer a different kind of gift: “I didn’t want the heptapods... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Louise examines Raspberry for any signs of what she already knows is about to happen, but... (full context)
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
...touches it, and suggests that they’ve just witnessed “a demonstration of transmutation at a distance.” Louise hears someone approaching. A soldier runs into the looking-glass tent and hands Colonel Weber a... (full context)
Time Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Narrating to her unborn daughter, Louise recalls how she will see her daughter shortly after her birth in the hospital. Her... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Otherness, Prejudice, and Communication Theme Icon
Still narrating to her unborn daughter, Louise recalls how, after the gift exchange with the Lascaux cave paintings, all the heptapods simultaneously... (full context)
Language Theme Icon
Free Will Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Louise wishes that she better understood Heptapod B, so that she could “immerse herself fully in... (full context)
Time Theme Icon
Parenthood Theme Icon
Louise’s mind returns to the present moment, when she is slow-dancing with her unborn daughter’s father... (full context)