Polly Mooney's initial character introduction in "The Boarding House" paints the picture of an unintentional seductress—a young woman who glances upwards when she speaks in what men might interpret as a coquettish manner, regardless of whether or not her actions bear the weight of intention. In order to shed further light on how Polly's mannerisms are read by (presumably) the men she interacts with, Joyce includes an oxymoronic simile in this character description:
Her eyes, which were grey with a shade of green through them, had a habit of glancing upwards when she spoke with anyone, which made her look like a little perverse madonna.
"Madonna" is another name used to refer to the Virgin Mary, who gave birth to Jesus Christ. In the Bible, Mary becomes pregnant with God's Son without ever having sexual intercourse. The oxymoron of a "perverse madonna," to which Polly is likened, draws on a core contradiction present in Irish Catholic society: the need for women to simultaneously be virginal, sexless beings, but become pregnant and have sexual allure when men demand it of them. This paradoxical theme emerges across Joyce's literary portfolio, within which he explores the ongoing clash between religious moral values and modern youthful scrutiny of sexual mores.
