The Imp of the Perverse
by Edgar Allan Poe

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The Narrator Character Analysis

The unnamed narrator is a condemned man attempting to convince the reader that an irresistible impulse, which he calls the Imp of the Perverse, made him commit murder. The narrator, who apparently has an interest in phrenology, kills his victim and gets away with murder only to confess out of the blue years later in a seeming fit of insanity. He begins the story by claiming that human beings are beholden to some impulses that they know are actively harmful. “Our first impulse is to shrink from the danger,” he claims. “Unaccountably we remain.” This is caused by “perverse” instincts that can override humanity’s own capacity for self-preservation. In this way, the narrator attempts to justify his strange confession to an unspeakable crime. The crime itself doesn’t seem to bother him, but he regrets being caught, and blames both the Imp itself and humanity’s inability to comprehend the Imp as the source of his dilemma. In this, the reader can spot several key characteristics. First, the narrator is immoral—willing to commit murder for inheritance money (the victim is implied to be somehow related to him) and able to live happily for years afterwards. He is also incapable of taking any true responsibility for his actions. Based on his verbose and technically complex argument at the start of the story, the narrator is also an intelligent man. He uses his skills for evil means, however, killing without remorse and outwitting the authorities so that he isn’t caught until the Imp makes him reveal his crime. He is clearly prone to obsession as well, as he deliberates over the murder for months, then obsesses over being caught, and finally is driven mad by the “perverse” idea of confessing everything.

The Narrator Quotes in The Imp of the Perverse

The The Imp of the Perverse quotes below are all either spoken by The Narrator or refer to The Narrator. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Reason vs. Impulse Theme Icon
).

The Imp of the Perverse Quotes

It would have been wiser, it would have been safer, to classify (if classify we must) upon the basis of what man usually or occasionally did, and was always occasionally doing, rather than upon the basis of what we took it for granted the Deity intended him to do. If we cannot comprehend God in his visible works, how then in his inconceivable thoughts, that call the works into being?

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 280-281
Explanation and Analysis:
The narrator opens the story with what seems to be an essay on human psychology. Using technical and elevated language, he criticizes the ideas of phrenology (the now-debunked pseudoscience of determining human behavior through skull types) and argues for the importance of a certain impulse towards “perverseness.” In this quotation, the narrator actually makes a scientifically valid point: that those who study human nature should observe the way people actually act, rather than assuming how people are intended to act and working backwards from those assumptions. This is then bound up with the idea of God, since those assumed intentions Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta imp

Induction, a posteriori, would have brought phrenology to admit, as an innate and primitive principle of human action, a paradoxical something, which we may call perverseness, for want of a more characteristic term. […] Through its promptings we act without comprehensible object; or, if this shall be understood as a contradiction in terms, we may so far modify the proposition as to say, that through its promptings we act, for the reason that we should not. In theory, no reason can be more unreasonable; but, in fact, there is none more strong. With certain minds, under certain conditions, it becomes absolutely irresistible.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker)
Related Symbols: The Imp of the Perverse, Phrenology
Page Number and Citation: 281
Explanation and Analysis:
The narrator here explains the idea he has been referencing since the story’s beginning: that there is a universal human impulse towards “perverseness,” or doing what “we should not.” He will later characterize this impulse as the “Imp of the Perverse,” suggesting that it acts like a demon influencing people to actively harm themselves. The characterization of this impulse is at the heart of the story, and is also an important psychological insight for the time (Sigmund Freud would write about a similar instinct, the “death drive,” almost a hundred years later). Poe critiques the science of his contemporaries—as represented Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque erro

That single thought is enough. The impulse increases to a wish, the wish to a desire, the desire to an uncontrollable longing, and the longing (to the deep regret and mortification of the speaker, and in defiance of all consequences) is indulged.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker)
Related Symbols: The Imp of the Perverse
Page Number and Citation: 281-282
Explanation and Analysis:
This is a concise layout of how the narrator believes that the Imp of the Perverse operates: detailing the slow progression of thoughts from a stray notion to full obsession. He has previously described just what the Imp is: the impulse to do what we know we “should not,” even if it is actively harmful. Of course, not everyone suffers so strongly from the Imp’s influence as the narrator describes—otherwise everyone on the edge of a precipice would always jump—but for an obsessive person like the narrator, the Imp is seemingly irresistible. As he says later, he has never been Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet d

We stand upon the brink of a precipice. We peer into the abyss—we grow sick and dizzy. Our first impulse is to shrink from the danger. Unaccountably we remain. By slow degrees our sickness and dizziness and horror become merged in a cloud of unnamable feeling. […] It is merely the idea of what would be our sensations during the sweeping precipitancy of a fall from such a height.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker)
Related Symbols: The Imp of the Perverse
Page Number and Citation: 282
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, the narrator gives an iconic example of the Imp of the Perverse, or the human impulse to do what we know we should not. He describes standing on the edge of a cliff and feeling a sudden, dizzying desire to leap. Even if the reader has never actually done this, it is still an extremely relatable feeling, which encourages the reader to connect with the narrator and agree with his conclusions about human psychology. Importantly, this comes before the narrator reveals himself as a seemingly insane murderer. This passage also highlights the core of the Imp’s sinister Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessit

Had I not been thus prolix, you might either have misunderstood me altogether, or, with the rabble, have fancied me mad. As it is, you will easily perceive that I am one of the many uncounted victims of the Imp of the Perverse.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker)
Related Symbols: The Imp of the Perverse
Page Number and Citation: 283
Explanation and Analysis:
Here, the narrator finally comes to his point: claiming that he is a victim of the Imp of the Perverse, who is responsible for his current predicament. As a statement, this says a great deal about the character. In the first place, as the reader learns, he doesn’t blame the Imp for planning and committing murder. He blames the Imp for getting him caught. This betrays not only a lack of morality, but also a monstrous pride in conceiving of a murder plot so perfect that he would have gotten away with it and lived the rest of his life Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perf

For weeks, for months, I pondered upon the means of the murder. I rejected a thousand schemes, because their accomplishment involved a chance of detection.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The Victim
Related Symbols: The Imp of the Perverse
Page Number and Citation: 283
Explanation and Analysis:
Having set up an elaborate—and disturbingly convincing—argument about the existence and purpose of the Imp, the narrator finally comes around to his point: he committed murder and got away with it. This quote further demonstrates the cold logic evinced during his earlier arguments, as he planned the murder deliberately, spending a lot of time and effort to ensure he wouldn’t get caught. At the same time, it demonstrates a key moral failing in the narrator’s arguments about the Imp. Clearly, he’s as obsessive about committing the murder as he will be later when he confesses to the crime. He focuses Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque i

The next morning he was discovered dead in his bed, and the Coroner’s verdict was—“Death by the visitation of God.”

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The Victim
Related Symbols: The Poisoned Candle
Page Number and Citation: 283
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage describes the narrator’s successful ruse. Having hidden the cause of the murder (a poisoned candle), he leaves investigators with no choice but to rule out foul play. His evil deed is thus covered up and he subsequently enjoys the money he inherits from the victim’s death. There’s a chilling tone to the quote, in keeping with the remainder of the story, as it demonstrates how flawed human authorities can be. Justice fails because the narrator outthinks the police. And yet Poe also chooses to invoke God in his description—quoted by the authorities, perhaps, but very pertinent in light Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae v

For a very long period of time I was accustomed to revel in this sentiment. It afforded me more real delight than all the mere worldly advantages accruing from my sin.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 283
Explanation and Analysis:
Here, the narrator shows his true colors, reveling in his wicked deed and overtly stating that he carries no remorse for it. It isn’t just that he commits murder for money—an objectively immoral act—but that he gets away with it, and actively delights in the fact that he got away with it. (This also shows his obsessiveness again, as he shifts from ruminating on how to commit murder to constantly “reveling” in the results of that murder.) The sense of satisfaction becomes one of the benefits that he enjoys, along with this inheritance and all the nice things that money Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus t

But there arrived at length an epoch, from which the pleasurable feeling grew, by scarcely perceptible gradations, into a haunting and harassing thought. It harassed because it haunted. I could scarcely get rid of it for an instant […] In this manner, at last, I would perpetually catch myself pondering upon my security, and repeating, in a low undertone, the phrase, “I am safe.” One day, whilst sauntering along the streets, I arrested myself in the act of murmuring, half aloud, these customary syllables. In a fit of petulance, I remodelled them thus; “I am safe—I am safe—yes—if I be not fool enough to make open confession!”

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker)
Related Symbols: The Imp of the Perverse
Page Number and Citation: 283-284
Explanation and Analysis:
The quote here links the pleasure the narrator takes in his cunning plan to his ultimate obsession over confessing (and his eventual undoing). The Imp—or at least the fear that causes it to appear—directly follows the enjoyment he gains from thinking that he got away with murder. Since the Imp doesn’t drive the narrator to murder, but only to confess, it’s suggested that there is some subconscious bit of ethics deep in the narrator’s soul, present since he first conceived of the murder and brought forth only gradually over years of indulgence. Furthermore, it reinforces the notion that the narrator’s Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea.

And now my own casual self-suggestion that I might possibly be fool enough to confess the murder of which I had been guilty, confronted me, as if the very ghost of him whom I had murdered—and beckoned me on to death.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), The Victim
Related Symbols: The Imp of the Perverse
Page Number and Citation: 284
Explanation and Analysis:
The narrator’s thoughts here are rich with irony, juxtaposing his “casual” undoing against years and years of being careful about hiding his crime—essentially, showing the power of impulse over reason. The last part of the quote also reinforces the chilling mood of the story as a whole, and the understanding that the narrator’s madness—whether exacerbated by the Imp or not—in some ways could not have led to any other end. With its reference to the “ghost of him whom I had murdered,” this passage also returns to notions of justice, and its status as a God-given quality instead of something Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut

They say that I spoke with a distinct enunciation, but with marked emphasis and passionate hurry, as if in dread of interruption before concluding the brief, but pregnant sentences that consigned me to the hangman and to hell.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker)
Related Symbols: The Imp of the Perverse
Page Number and Citation: 284
Explanation and Analysis:
The narrator has described the Imp as the true agent of his destruction, and here he reinforces this notion for a final time, as the narrator confesses his crime to a crowd of bystanders. By claiming to be unconscious when he confesses, he states that he had no agency in what he said and merely served as a conduit for “perverse” impulses beyond his control. This shows the Imp of the Perverse—a recognizable human impulse—acting in an extreme way, as it seems to make the narrator black out and act against his will. He also claims that he felt a Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. D

But why shall I say more? To-day I wear these chains, and am here! To-morrow I shall be fetterless!—but where?

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 284
Explanation and Analysis:
The final lines in the story reflect the narrator’s realization that justice is a cosmic entity rather than a human one. Once he’s hanged, mortal hands will no longer be able to punish him, but divine ones finally will. He is unsure about his destination, though clearly worried about hell, suggesting that he still clings to the belief that the Imp is responsible for everything and that God (or whatever force governs justice in the universe) will notice and exonerate him. However, his narrative until now implies both that he knows deep-down what his final destination will be and that Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis
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The Narrator Character Timeline in The Imp of the Perverse

The timeline below shows where the character The Narrator appears in The Imp of the Perverse. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
The Imp of the Perverse
Reason vs. Impulse Theme Icon
The story’s unnamed narrator argues that human beings underestimate the importance of a certain universal impulse. He believes that... (full context)
Reason vs. Impulse Theme Icon
...the need to procreate) are also often attributed to God by phrenologists (or “Spurzheimites”). The narrator believes that this thinking does not allow for the possibility of free will in human... (full context)
Reason vs. Impulse Theme Icon
The narrator claims that it would be far more useful to examine humanity’s actions in and of... (full context)
Reason vs. Impulse Theme Icon
Madness and Obsession Theme Icon
The narrator appeals to the reader to examine their “own soul” and admit that they too have... (full context)
Reason vs. Impulse Theme Icon
Crime, Justice, and Punishment Theme Icon
Madness and Obsession Theme Icon
The narrator concludes that such impulses come “solely from the spirit of the Perverse.” He says that... (full context)
Crime, Justice, and Punishment Theme Icon
Madness and Obsession Theme Icon
The narrator goes on to describe the crime for which he has been convicted. He claims that... (full context)
Crime, Justice, and Punishment Theme Icon
Madness and Obsession Theme Icon
The plan succeeds: the narrator replaces the victim’s candle with a poisoned one, the victim lights the candle in his... (full context)
Reason vs. Impulse Theme Icon
Crime, Justice, and Punishment Theme Icon
Madness and Obsession Theme Icon
Eventually, however, the narrator begins to fear capture, with the satisfaction of successfully committing murder slowly giving way to... (full context)
Reason vs. Impulse Theme Icon
Crime, Justice, and Punishment Theme Icon
Madness and Obsession Theme Icon
The thought consumes the narrator until “Every succeeding wave of thought overwhelmed me with new terror.” He walks faster and... (full context)
Crime, Justice, and Punishment Theme Icon
Madness and Obsession Theme Icon
The narrator concludes his tale by noting that he is currently chained in a cell, but will... (full context)