The Sound of Things Falling

by Juan Gabriel Vásquez
Themes and Colors
Violence and Trauma Theme Icon
U.S. Involvement in the Colombian Drug Trade Theme Icon
Innocence and Guilt Theme Icon
Family Theme Icon
Masculinity Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in The Sound of Things Falling, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Violence and Trauma Theme Icon
Violence and Trauma Theme Icon

The Sound of Things Falling explores the impacts of violence related to drug trafficking in Colombia, especially how the violence of the 1970s, 80s, and 90s psychologically impacted residents of Bogotá. That violence included bombings in Bogotá, the assassination of prominent politicians and judges, and Pablo Escobar’s bombing of an Avianca passenger plane. Characters like Antonio and Maya, who both lived in Bogotá during the worst of the violence, became overrun by fear. After the bombing of the Avianca flight in particular, Maya and Antonio both say that they then understood that they, as civilians and bystanders, were now targets of the drug traffickers’ violence. Put simply, the novel suggests that the entirety of the Colombian population was impacted by, and at risk of, the violence the country suffered as a result of the drug trade in Colombia.

Antonio is impacted personally by the culture of violence when he is shot by the assassins who kill Ricardo. Antonio is not the target of that violence; instead, he is an innocent bystander. Being shot leads him to experience post-traumatic stress disorder and to feel overtaken by an almost constant fear. Antonio feels unable to escape or overcome that fear, and ultimately, the ramifications of being shot lead Antonio’s marriage to unravel and his life to fall apart. Through Antonio’s experience, the novel shows how drug trafficking-related violence in Colombia spiraled out from its ostensible participants—drug traffickers and the government—to impact countless uninvolved bystanders, which led to a collective trauma that trapped the people of Antonio’s generation in paralyzing fear and trauma.

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Violence and Trauma Quotes in The Sound of Things Falling

Below you will find the important quotes in The Sound of Things Falling related to the theme of Violence and Trauma.

Chapter 1 Quotes

The first hippopotamus, a male the color of black pearls, weighing a ton and a half, was shot dead in the middle of 2009. He’d escaped two years before from Pablo Escobar’s old zoo in the Magdalena Valley, and during that time of freedom had destroyed crops, invaded drinking troughs, terrified fishermen, and even attacked the breeding bulls at a cattle ranch. The marksmen who finally caught up with him shot him once in the head and again in the heart (with .375-caliber bullets, since hippopotamus skin is thick); they posed with the dead body, the great dark, wrinkled mass, a recently fallen meteorite; and there, in front of the first cameras and onlookers, beneath a ceiba tree that protected them from the harsh sun, explained that the weight of the animal would prevent them from transporting him whole, and they immediately began carving him up.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Pablo Escobar
Related Symbols: Hippopotami
Page Number and Citation: 3
Explanation and Analysis:

I also learned that the hippopotamus had not escaped alone: at the time of his flight he’d been accompanied by his mate and their baby—or what, in the sentimental version of the less scrupulous newspapers, were his mate and their baby—whose whereabouts were now unknown, and the search for whom immediately took on a flavor of media tragedy, the persecution of innocent creatures by a heartless system.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Pablo Escobar, Ricardo, Maya
Related Symbols: Hippopotami
Page Number and Citation: 4
Explanation and Analysis:

I didn’t think so at the time, but those crimes […] had provided the backbone of my life or punctuated it like the unexpected visits of a distant relative. I was fourteen years old that afternoon in 1984 when Pablo Escobar killed or ordered the killing of his most illustrious pursuer, the Minister of Justice Rodrigo Lara Bonilla (two hit men on a motorcycle, a curve on 127th Street). I was sixteen when Escobar killed or ordered the killing of Guillermo Cano, publisher of El Espectador (a few steps away from the newspaper’s offices, the assassin put eight bullets in his chest). […] And shortly afterward there was the Avianca plane, a Boeing 727-21 that Escobar had blown up in midair—somewhere in the air between Bogotá and Cali—to kill a politician who wasn’t even on board.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Maya, Ricardo
Related Symbols: Airplanes
Page Number and Citation: 9-10
Explanation and Analysis:

This man has not always been this man. This man used to be another man.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Elena, Ricardo
Page Number and Citation: 22
Explanation and Analysis:

Emotional intimacy had never been easy for me, much less with other men. Everything Laverde was going to tell me then, I thought, he could tell me the next day in the open air or in public places, without any vacuous camaraderie or tears on my shoulder, without any superficial masculine solidarity. The world’s not going to end tomorrow, I thought. Nor is Laverde going to forget his life story.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Ricardo
Page Number and Citation: 26
Explanation and Analysis:

Laverde handed her the cassette like a soldier surrendering his weapon.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Elena, Ricardo
Related Symbols: Airplanes
Page Number and Citation: 41
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 2 Quotes

Aura tried to calm me down. She stared at me, I could feel her looking at me. “It’s nothing,” I told her. And only at the end of the night would I manage to sleep for a few hours, coiled up like a dog frightened by fireworks.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Aura
Page Number and Citation: 54
Explanation and Analysis:

“There, there she is. Did you feel?” “But what does it feel like?” I asked. “I don’t know, like a butterfly, like tiny wings brushing against your skin. I don’t know if you understand.” And I told her I did, that I understood perfectly, although it was a lie. I didn’t feel anything: I was distracted: the fear distracted me.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Aura, Leticia
Page Number and Citation: 54
Explanation and Analysis:

The doctor kept talking, there was no way to make him stop talking. Fear was the main ailment of Bogotanos of my generation, he told me. My situation, he told me, was not at all unusual: it would eventually pass, as it had passed for all the others who had visited his office. All this he told me. He never managed to comprehend that I wasn’t interested in the rational explanation or much less the statistical aspect of these violent palpitations, or the instantaneous sweating that in another context would have been comical, but in the magic words that would make the sweating and palpitations disappear, the mantra that would allow me to sleep through the night.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 55-56
Explanation and Analysis:

“Justice,” I began to say, “has a double evolutionary base: the struggle of the individual to have his rights respected and that of the state to impose, among its associates, the necessary order.” “So,” the student asked me, “could we say that the man who reacts, feeling himself threatened or infringed, is the true creator of the law?” and I was going to tell him of the time when all law was incorporated within religion, those remote times when distinctions between morals and hygiene, public and private, were still nonexistent, but I didn’t manage to do so. I covered my eyes with my tie and burst into tears.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 57
Explanation and Analysis:

“Were you waiting for me to get home?” she insisted. “Were you worried?” “I was preparing my class,” I said, looking her in the eye. “It seems I can’t even do that now.” “You were worried,” she said. “That’s why you stayed up.” And then: “Antonio, Bogotá is not a war zone. There aren’t bullets floating around out there, the same thing’s not going to happen to all of us.” You know nothing, I wanted to tell her, you grew up elsewhere. There is no common ground between us, I wanted to tell her as well, there’s no way for you to understand, nobody’s going to explain it to you, I can’t explain it to you. But those words didn’t come out of my mouth.

Related Characters: Aura (speaker), Antonio (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 59
Explanation and Analysis:

There is a faltering scream, or something that sounds like a scream. There is a sound that I cannot or have never been able to identify: a sound that’s not human or is more than human, the sound of lives being extinguished but also the sound of material things breaking. It’s the sound of things falling from on high, an interrupted and somehow also eternal sound, a sound that didn’t ever end, that kept ringing in my head from that very afternoon and still shows no sign of wanting to leave it, that is forever suspended in my memory, hanging in it like a towel on a hook.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Elena, Consu
Related Symbols: Airplanes
Page Number and Citation: 87
Explanation and Analysis:

Experience, or what we call experience, is not the inventory of our pains, but rather sympathy we learn to feel for the pain of others.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Ricardo, Aura, Leticia, Elena, Maya
Related Symbols: Airplanes
Page Number and Citation: 88
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 3 Quotes

Her face was like a party that everyone had left.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Maya
Page Number and Citation: 105-106
Explanation and Analysis:

I started to talk, I told Maya all that I knew and thought I knew about Ricardo Laverde, all that I remembered and what I feared I’d forgotten, all that Laverde had told me and also all that I’d found out after his death, and that’s how we stayed until after midnight, each wrapped in a hammock, each scrutinizing the roof where the bats moved, filling with words the silence of the warm night, but without ever looking at each other, like a priest and sinner in the sacrament of confession.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Maya, Ricardo
Page Number and Citation: 138
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 4 Quotes

“The thing I don’t want is . . .” said Aura. “I don’t want us to go on like this, Antonio.” Before I could answer, she added: “It’s not good for anyone. It’s not good for Leticia, it’s not good for anyone.”

So that was it. “I get it now,” I said. “So it’s my fault.”

“Nobody said anything about anyone’s fault.”

“It’s my fault Leticia’s afraid of the hallway.”

“Nobody said that.”

“Oh, please, what nonsense. As if fear was hereditary.”

“Not hereditary,” said Aura, “contagious.”

Related Characters: Aura (speaker), Antonio (speaker), Leticia, Maya
Page Number and Citation: 149
Explanation and Analysis:

There, in the hammock, while I read [Elena’s letters], I felt other things, some of them inexplicable and an especially confusing one: the discomfort of knowing that this story in which my name did not appear spoke of me in each and every one of its lines. All this I felt, and in the end all my feelings were reduced to a tremendous solitude, a solitude without a visible cause and therefore without remedy. The solitude of a child.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Elena, Maya, Ricardo
Page Number and Citation: 152
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 5 Quotes

Four days later, when Elaine got the news that the campaign had been approved in record time, an image came into Elaine’s head: that of Ricardo reaching into his pocket, taking out an incentive for public functionaries, and promising more. She could have confirmed her suspicions, confronted Ricardo and demanded a confession, but she decided not to. The objective, after all, had been achieved. Children, think of the children. Children were what mattered.

Related Characters: Ricardo, Maya, Antonio, Elena
Page Number and Citation: 214-215
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 6 Quotes

Adulthood brings with it the pernicious illusion of control, and perhaps even depends on it. I mean that mirage of dominion over our own life that allows us to feel like adults, for we associate maturity with autonomy, the sovereign right to determine what is going to happen to us next. Disillusion comes sooner or later, but it always comes, it doesn’t miss an appointment, it never has. When it arrives we receive it without too much surprise, for no one who lives long enough can be surprised to find their biography has been molded by distant events, by other people’s wills, with little or no participation from our own decisions.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Mike , Ricardo
Page Number and Citation: 243
Explanation and Analysis:

Because keeping Aura and Leticia out of Las Acacias, remote from Maya Fritts and her tale and her documents, distant therefore from the truth about Ricardo Laverde, was to protect their purity, or rather avoid their contamination, the contamination that I’d suffered one afternoon in 1996, the causes of which I’d barely begun to understand now, the unsuspected intensity of which was just now beginning to emerge like an object falling from the sky. My contaminated life was mine alone: my family was still safe: safe from the plague of my country, from its afflicted recent history: safe from what had hunted me down along with so many of my generation (and others, too, yes, but most of all mine, the generation that was born with planes, with the flights full of bags and the bags of marijuana, the generation that was born with the War on Drugs and later experienced the consequences).

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Aura, Leticia, Maya, Ricardo
Related Symbols: Airplanes
Page Number and Citation: 247
Explanation and Analysis:

“Living like that, always with the possibility that people close to us might be killed, always having to reassure our loved ones so they don’t think we are among the dead. Our lives were conducted inside houses, remember. We avoided public places. Houses of friends, of friends of friends, distant acquaintances—any house was better than a public place. Well, I don’t know if you know what I mean. Maybe in our house it was different. We were two women on our own, after all. Maybe it wasn’t like that for you.”

“It was exactly like that,” I said.

She turned to look at me. “Really?”

“Really.”

“So you understand me, then,” said Maya.

And I said a couple of words whose scope I didn’t manage to fully determine: “I understand you perfectly.”

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Aura, Maya
Page Number and Citation: 263-264
Explanation and Analysis:

“[Elena] called […] and tried to justify what my dad had done, said that in those days everything was different, the world of drug trafficking, all that. That they were a bunch of innocents, that’s what she told me. Not that they were innocent, no, that they were innocents, I’m not sure if you realize what a distance there is between the two concepts. Anyway, it’s the same. As if innocence might exist in this country of ours . . .”

Related Characters: Maya (speaker), Elena, Antonio, Ricardo
Page Number and Citation: 283-284
Explanation and Analysis:

I’d fallen out of the sky, too, but there was no possible testimony of my fall, there was no black box that anybody could consult, nor was there any black box of Ricardo Laverde’s fall, human lives don’t have these technological luxuries to fall back on.

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Ricardo, Elena, Maya
Related Symbols: Airplanes
Page Number and Citation: 285
Explanation and Analysis:

I thought of what I’d say if Aura called back. Would I ask her where she was, if I could go and pick her up or if I had the right to hope she’d come back? Would I keep quiet so she could realize she’d made a mistake abandoning our life? Or would I try to convince her, tell her that together we could defend ourselves better from the evil of the world, or that the world was too risky a place to be wandering on our own, without anyone waiting for us at home, who worries about us when we don’t show up and who can go out to look for us?

Related Characters: Antonio (speaker), Aura, Leticia, Maya
Page Number and Citation: 298
Explanation and Analysis: