Fuente Ovejuna

by Lope De Vega

Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán Character Analysis

The Commander is the play’s antagonist. He lives in Fuente Ovejuna, and though the villagers are loyal to him there, he treats them terribly. He rapes or attempts to rape most of the women in the town, including those who are virgins (like Laurencia) or married (like Jacinta). The Commander is so notorious for this behavior that he is often compared to various kinds of predatory animals throughout the play. The women’s repeated attempts to ward him off often rarely work, and the women vow vengeance on him. This underscores the play’s core claim that when love or sexual desire are not based in mutual respect, it inevitably causes discord. The Commander also attacks or threatens any man who tries to defend the women, like Frondoso and Mengo. Additionally, the Commander openly offends the peasants, saying that they are without honor and insulting their intelligence. The play thus makes a key point about honor through the Commander: even though he is of noble birth (which denoted honor in 15th-century Spain, where the play is set), the play suggests that true honor comes from moral virtue. And because the Commander consistently behaves immorally, he is clearly not an honorable man. The Commander’s tyrannical behavior in Fuente Ovejuna is mirrored in his political maneuvers. He spurs the Master to attack Ciudad Real, a stronghold for King Fernando and Queen Isabel. But he does this purely for personal gain, in order to acquire more power and standing. The Commander is often called “the devil”—despite the Cross emblazoned on his clothing—which further speaks to his hypocrisy and lack of virtue. At the end of the play, the townspeople rise up against the Commander, killing and dismembering him and also attacking his servants. With this ending—and especially the fact that the villagers evade punishment for the murder—the play firmly repudiates the Commander’s tyranny, disrespect, and self-interested desire for power.

Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán Quotes in Fuente Ovejuna

The Fuente Ovejuna quotes below are all either spoken by Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán or refer to Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
).

Act 1 Quotes

COMMANDER: Respect’s the key
To men’s good will; discourtesy merely
Makes enemies.

ORTUÑO: If such men knew
How everyone detests them and longs
To see them grovel, they’d sooner die.

FLORES: Such people are so hard to take!
Such surliness and lack of manners.
Amongst equals it’s pure folly;
Towards inferiors sheer tyranny.

Related Characters: Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán (speaker), Ortuño, Flores, Master Rodrigo Téllez Girón
Page Number and Citation: 1.9-1.17
Explanation and Analysis:

Take your sword, so far unstained
By blood, and turn it red as the Cross
Upon your breast. How else can I
Address you as Master of the Cross
If the one is red and not the other?
Let both of them be crimson, and you,
Worthy Girón, crown the immortal temple of
Your famous ancestors.

Related Characters: Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán (speaker), Queen Isabel, Master Rodrigo Téllez Girón, King Alonso, King Fernando
Related Symbols: The Cross
Page Number and Citation: 1.95-1.102
Explanation and Analysis:

I’d rather see beef and cabbage
Dancing to a merry, bubbling tune,
And when I’m tired from travelling,
A slice of bacon wedded to
An aubergine. Then later on,
While supper’s cooking, a bunch of grapes
(God protect the vines from hailstones!),
And, when it’s ready, a tasty fry
Of chopped-up meat with oil and peppers.
And so at last happily to bed,
To say my prayers, including “lead
Me not into temptation!” I much
Prefer all this to the tricks and lies
Of rogues with all their talk and promises
Of love. Their only aim’s to leave
Us in the lurch. They take us to bed
For their pleasure; when morning comes,
It’s “Goodbye, treasure!”

Related Characters: Laurencia (speaker), Pascuala, Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán
Page Number and Citation: 1.164-1.181
Explanation and Analysis:

COMMANDER: I’m talking to you, my pretty creature,
And to your friend. You belong to me,
Do you not?

PASCUALA: We do, my lord, but not
In the way you mean.

COMMANDER: Step inside. My men are there. Don’t be afraid.

LAURENCIA: I shall if the magistrates come too. One of them’s my father, but otherwise…

COMMANDER: Flores!

FLORES. Yes, sir?

COMMANDER: Why aren’t they doing what
I say?

FLORES: Get in there!

LAURENCIA: Get your hands
Off us!

FLORES: Come on, you stupid girls!

PASCUALA: Whoa now! For you to lock the stable-door?

FLORES: Inside! He wants to show you all
The spoils of war.

Related Characters: Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán (speaker), Pascuala (speaker), Laurencia (speaker), Flores (speaker), Ortuño, Esteban
Related Symbols: Animals
Page Number and Citation: 1.474-1.486
Explanation and Analysis:

LAURENCIA: So God go with you
In the hunt, sir... I mean for deer.
If it weren’t for that cross upon
Your chest, I’d take you for the devil, such
Is your pursuit of me!

COMMANDER: Such language is
Offensive! I’ll put my bow aside
And let my hands overcome those airs
And graces!

Related Characters: Laurencia (speaker), Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán (speaker)
Related Symbols: The Cross, Animals, The Bow
Page Number and Citation: 1.626-1.633
Explanation and Analysis:

COMMANDER: Am I, a man of worth, to turn
My back upon a peasant? I shall not break
The rules of chivalry!

FRONDOSO. I don’t
Intend to kill you. I know my place.
But since I need to stay alive,
I’ll keep the crossbow.

Related Characters: Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán (speaker), Frondoso (speaker), Laurencia
Related Symbols: The Bow
Page Number and Citation: 1.652-1.657
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 2 Quotes

ALDERMAN: You speak
Unjustly. To speak of us like that
Is to deny us honour.

COMMANDER: You believe
You have honour? You’ll be claiming next
You are knights of Calatrava!

ALDERMAN. There are doubtless some who wear the Cross
You place upon their breast whose blood
Is far less pure than ours.

COMMANDER: You think
My blood makes yours more impure?

ALDERMAN: Bad deeds have never cleansed, my lord.
They merely stain.

Related Characters: Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán (speaker), Esteban
Related Symbols: The Cross
Page Number and Citation: 2.122-2.128
Explanation and Analysis:

FLORES: These village scum defy us!
You’d do well to raze their village to
The ground. They are nothing but trouble.

MENGO: My lord, I beg you. Punish these men
For what they try to do to us.
In your name they would take this girl
Away with them, despite the fact
She’s married and has honourable parents.
I ask for leave to take her home.

COMMANDER: I give them leave to take revenge
On you. Hand over the sling at once!

Related Characters: Flores (speaker), Mengo (speaker), Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán (speaker), Jacinta, Ortuño
Page Number and Citation: 2.294-2.303
Explanation and Analysis:

COMMANDER: Why run away? Would you prefer
A yokel to a man of my
Great rank?

JACINTA: They offended my honour.
To take me for yourself is not
The way to give it back to me.

COMMANDER: To take you for myself?

JACINTA: My father is
An honourable man. Not of
Such noble birth as you, my lord,
But nobler in his deeds and actions.

COMMANDER: You think these peasant insults will
Dispel my anger? Come!

Related Characters: Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán (speaker), Jacinta (speaker), Flores, Ortuño, Mengo
Page Number and Citation: 2.320-2.331
Explanation and Analysis:

FRONDOSO: Laurencia, I want
To know if you care for me at all;
If the loyalty I’ve shown has made
Me in the least deserving. The town
Already sees the two of us as one
And cannot understand why we
Are not. Why not forget all past
Disdain? I’m asking you to marry me?

LAURENCIA: Then you and all the village too
Had better know…that I agree.

FRONDOSO: I kiss your feet for such a favour.
I promise you it gives my life
New meaning.

Related Characters: Frondoso (speaker), Laurencia (speaker), Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán, Pascuala
Page Number and Citation: 2.350-2.362
Explanation and Analysis:

The village-girl came down the path
From Fuente Ovejuna,
She was soon followed, by the knight
Who came from Calatrava.
She hid, amongst the branches there,
She felt such shame and fear;
Pretending she had not seen him,
She drew the leaves around her.
“Why try to hide yourself away?
You really are quite pretty.
My eyes can see through walls of stone
When someone takes my fancy.”

Related Characters: Laurencia, Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán, Frondoso
Page Number and Citation: 2.546-2.557
Explanation and Analysis:

There are new rulers in
Castile who’ll introduce such laws
And orders as will put an end
To all disorder. When they have ceased
To be engaged in war, they would
Do well to rid their villages
And towns of men whose power comes
From wearing crosses. The King alone
Should be allowed to wear the cross.

Related Characters: Esteban (speaker), Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán, Frondoso, King Alonso, Esteban, Laurencia, King Fernando, Queen Isabel
Related Symbols: The Cross
Page Number and Citation: 2.612-2.621
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 3 Quotes

What honourable rites indeed,
If there is not a single one
Of us whose life that criminal
Has not dishonoured? Tell me now if there
Is someone here whose honour is
Unscathed. You are as one, I think,
In your complaints. And so I say
To you: if you have common cause,
What are you waiting for?

Related Characters: Esteban (speaker), Frondoso, Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán, Laurencia
Page Number and Citation: 3.15-3.24
Explanation and Analysis:

JUAN ROJO: So what do you think
The town should do?

ALDERMAN. The town should die,
Or kill these tyrants. We are many, they
Are few.

BARRILDO: Take arms against our overlord?

ESTEBAN. In the eyes of God the King alone
Is our lord, not men like these,
No better than wild animals.
If God is on our side, why should we be
Afraid?

Related Characters: Esteban (speaker), Juan Rojo (speaker), Barrildo (speaker), Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán, King Fernando
Related Symbols: Animals
Page Number and Citation: 3.48-3.56
Explanation and Analysis:

When Fernán Gómez took
Me off, you let him do it, just
As shepherds stand and watch the wolf
Which steals their sheep! They threatened me
With knives, abused me with their words,
Did everything they could to force
My chastity to their foul desires!
You see my hair? You see these marks,
These cuts and bruises? These stains of blood?
Do you believe thot you are men
Of honour? Do you believe you are
True fathers? How can you see me here
And not feel all the pain I feel pierce
Your very souls?

Related Characters: Laurencia (speaker), Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán, Esteban
Related Symbols: Animals
Page Number and Citation: 3.85-3.98
Explanation and Analysis:

VILLAGERS: Injustice does
Not wait!

COMMANDER: You have to tell me what
Injustices they are. I’ll put them right,
I swear.

VILLAGERS: Fuente Ovejuna! Long
Live King Fernando! Death to all
False Christians and foul traitors!

COMMANDER: Listen!
I am your lord and master.

VILLAGERS: The Catholic Kings
Are our lords and masters!

Related Characters: Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán (speaker), King Fernando, Queen Isabel
Page Number and Citation: 3.112-3.115
Explanation and Analysis:

The people there
Have mercilessly killed their lord
And master: Fernán Gómez murdered by
His faithless subjects, vassals who,
Believing they’d been wronged, rose up
Without good cause. These people called
Him tyrant, and on the strength of that
Committed this foul deed. They broke into
His house, and though he offered, as
An honourable man, to see
To their complaints, not only did
They fail to heed his words but rained
Upon the Cross upon his breast
A thousand cruel blows.

Related Characters: Flores (speaker), Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán, King Fernando, Queen Isabel
Related Symbols: The Cross
Page Number and Citation: 3.277-3.290
Explanation and Analysis:

Long life to lovely Isabel
And our King Fernando,
They suit each other very well,
Their love is strong, their love is true;
One day Saint Michael at the gates,
Will welcome them and let then in;
Till then long life to both of them,
And punish tyrants for their sins!

Related Characters: Frondoso (speaker), Laurencia, Queen Isabel, King Fernando, Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán, King Alonso
Page Number and Citation: 3.336-3.341
Explanation and Analysis:

MENGO: No more, no more! I’ll tell you.

JUDGE: Who killed the Commander?

MENGO: Fuente Ovejuna! Our little town!

JUDGE: Who ever saw such scoundrels! They mock
Their pain. The very one I thought
Would crack is most defiant. Release them!
This has become most tiresome.

Related Characters: Judge (speaker), Mengo (speaker), Frondoso, Laurencia, Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán
Page Number and Citation: 3.508-3.514
Explanation and Analysis:

I come to seek
Forgiveness, knowing that I was
Deceived and ill-advised in causing you
Displeasure. I was misled both by
Fernán Gómez and my self-interest.
I humbly beg that you forgive me.
If I am worthy of such favour,
I swear that from this moment on
I am your loyal and obedient servant.
The great campaign you plan against
Granada…I promise you you’ll see
The valour of my sword.

Related Characters: Master Rodrigo Téllez Girón (speaker), Queen Isabel, King Fernando, Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán, King Alonso
Page Number and Citation: 3.561-3.573
Explanation and Analysis:

ESTEBAN: Your Majesty, we wish
To be your loyal vassals. You are
Our rightful King, and so we have displayed
Your coat of arms in our town,
We pray you will be merciful,
Accepting our innocence as our defence.

KING: There is no written evidence
As proof of your guilt, and so,
Although this was a serious crime,
You must be pardoned.

Related Characters: Esteban (speaker), King Fernando (speaker), Queen Isabel, Frondoso, Laurencia, Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán
Page Number and Citation: 3.646-3.655
Explanation and Analysis:
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Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán Character Timeline in Fuente Ovejuna

The timeline below shows where the character Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán appears in Fuente Ovejuna. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Act 1
Honor Theme Icon
Commander Fernán Gómez de Guzmán enters, flanked by his two servants Flores and Ortuño. The Commander... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
The Commander affirms that respect is the key to men’s goodwill, and his servants agree that disrespecting... (full context)
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
The Master enters, apologizing to the Commander and explaining that he was only just told of the Commander’s arrival. The Commander says... (full context)
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
The Master asks for news of the war, but the Commander provides the Master’s backstory instead: the Master of Calatrava owes his position to his father,... (full context)
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
The Commander urges the Master to call upon the Knights of Calatrava to take Ciudad Real, a... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
The Master asks if the Commander has soldiers that he can provide from his town, Fuente Ovejuna. Though the Commander might... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
...shifts to Fuente Ovejuna, and Laurencia and Pascuala enter. Laurencia says that she hopes the Commander never comes back to Fuente Ovejuna. Pascuala is surprised to hear Laurencia say this so... (full context)
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
...describes the scene: the Master was a splendid sight on a mighty stallion, and the Commander sat at his side. The city took up arms, as the people were loyal to... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
Flores concludes that the Master has been generous to everyone, including the Commander—he gave the Commander many gifts taken from Ciudad Real and even from the Master’s own... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Love and Respect Theme Icon
After the musicians’ song, the Commander thanks the people for receiving him so warmly. Esteban presents the Commander with humble gifts:... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
As the crowd disperses, the Commander instructs Laurencia and Pascuala not to leave. He points out that Laurencia was cold to... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
...They fought as best they could, but they were no match for him and the Commander. The King asks where the Commander is now, and the alderman says that he is... (full context)
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
Laurencia and Frondoso see the Commander coming—he is hunting deer with a bow and arrow. Laurencia tells Frondoso to hide in... (full context)
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
Setting down his bow, the Commander tries to grab at Laurencia, telling her not to resist. Laurencia calls out for help,... (full context)
Honor Theme Icon
The Commander wonders what to do, not wanting to break the rules of chivalry and turn his... (full context)
Act 2
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
Juan Rojo, another alderman, and a peasant enter discussing the Commander. Juan Rojo is shocked at how the Commander treated Laurencia, and the peasant thinks the... (full context)
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
Language, Knowledge, and Truth Theme Icon
As the men sit, Esteban asks the Commander if he saw the greyhound they gave him. The Commander remarks that he wants Esteban... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
Esteban says that Fuente Ovejuna is happy to be governed by the Commander, but there are people of great worth in the town. The other men chime in,... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
The Commander exclaims in frustration that these are “tedious peasant values.” He thanks God for cities, where... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
Once the Commander, Ortuño, and Flores are alone, Ortuño notes that the Commander never hides his disdain for... (full context)
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
The Commander says he has controlled himself thus far: if he had not, the town would have... (full context)
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
A soldier named Cimbranos enters and informs the Commander that Isabel’s armies have surrounded Ciudad Real, which means the Master is in danger of... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
...accompany them into town, because they need his protection in case they run into the Commander. Mengo and the women lament that the Commander is ruining their lives—they compare him to... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
Mengo comments that he heard Frondoso threatened the Commander to save Laurencia, and Laurencia admits that this is true—Frondoso was very brave to endanger... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
Jacinta enters, announcing that the Commander’s servants are on their way to Ciudad Real, “armed less with noble steel than with... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
When the Commander and Cimbranos come upon the scene, Flores notes that the “village scum” are defying them,... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
Mengo asks if this is how the Commander defends Jacinta’s honor, but the Commander replies by telling Flores and Ortuño to strip and... (full context)
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
Alone with Jacinta, the Commander asks why she runs away from him. Jacinta explains that Flores and Ortuño offended her... (full context)
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
...that day, Laurencia warns Frondoso to leave the town. Frondoso says that he saw the Commander leave for Ciudad Real, and that his faith in Laurencia got rid of all his... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
As they approach, Esteban and Juan Rojo discuss the Commander’s despicable actions. Juan Rojo says he feels bad for Jacinta as well as Mengo, who... (full context)
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
Back in Ciudad Real, the Master, the Commander, Flores, and Ortuño are discussing their defeat. The Master laments that the city wall was... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Language, Knowledge, and Truth Theme Icon
...hundred soldiers beat him just for arming himself with a sling. After noting that the Commander is an animal, Barrildo also begins to sing about the newlyweds having a long and... (full context)
Love and Respect Theme Icon
...see through walls of stone when someone catches his eye.  As the song ends, the Commander, Flores, Ortuño, and Cimbranos enter. (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
The Commander demands they stop the celebrations and brandishes his weapons. Laurencia tells Frondoso to run, but... (full context)
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
Trying to appeal to the Commander’s “virtuous” nature, Esteban says that any man in love would have done what Frondoso did... (full context)
Language, Knowledge, and Truth Theme Icon
The Commander tells his servants to seize Esteban’s staff and beat him with it. Laurencia points out... (full context)
Act 3
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
...in the midst of a war. They consider evacuating the town, but they know the Commander would never let them leave. The alderman points out that they are all overcome by... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
...“overlord”—Esteban notes that God is on their side and will see justice done against the Commander, who is acting like a wild animal. But Juan Rojo disagrees, saying that if the... (full context)
Love and Respect Theme Icon
...because he did not fulfill the duties of a father and protect her from the Commander: he just watched as the Commander carried her off like a wolf stealing sheep. The... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Love and Respect Theme Icon
...responsible for their own honor and make the tyrants pay. They must know that the Commander is going to have Frondoso hanged and will likely do the same to all the... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Esteban says that he will not take Laurencia’s insults—he will go alone and confront the Commander. Juan Rojo agrees that he will go as well, and the other men join in,... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
...tells Pascuala, Jacinta, and the others that the men are taking up arms against the Commander in a common cause. She says that they should do the same, organizing into a... (full context)
Honor Theme Icon
The scene shifts to the Commander’s home, where he, Flores, Ortuño, and Cimbranos have tied Frondoso’s hands. Just as the Commander... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
The Commander and his servants hear people shouting long live the King and Queen and that the... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
The scene shifts outside the Commander’s house, where the women have just arrived, calling for vengeance on the Commander and saying... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
...explains that the “faithless subjects” in Fuente Ovejuna have risen up without cause against the Commander. They broke into his house and ignored him—though he offered, as an “honorable man,” to... (full context)
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
Flores goes on: the villagers beat the Commander, threw him from the window onto where the women were standing with pikes and swords,... (full context)
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
Back in Fuente Ovejuna, the villagers have the Commander’s head fixed on a lance. Musicians sing in praise of Fernando and Isabel while declaring... (full context)
Love and Respect Theme Icon
...him off to his bed. After they leave, Frondoso teases Laurencia, asking who killed the Commander, and she says Fuente Ovejuna, saying that he doesn’t scare her. When Frondoso asks instead... (full context)
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Power and Christianity Theme Icon
...speak to the King and Queen. The Master seeks their forgiveness, explaining that both the Commander and the Master’s own self-interest misled him. He declares that he will be their loyal... (full context)
Tyranny vs. Collectivism Theme Icon
Love and Respect Theme Icon
Honor Theme Icon
...and Queen are. Esteban explains that they are humble and obedient servants who experienced the Commander’s tyranny and cruelty, which was the true cause of the trouble. The Commander robbed them,... (full context)