We the Animals

by

Justin Torres

Teachers and parents! Our Teacher Edition on We the Animals makes teaching easy.

Paps Character Analysis

Paps is the narrator’s father, an abusive man who is—surprisingly enough—capable of showing love and affection. A dark-skinned Puerto Rican man, he sees the narrator, Manny, and Joel as “mutts” because they’re half-white, so he tries to teach them how to connect with their heritage, though they find this difficult because they live in a predominantly white community. He, on the other hand, grew up in New York City with other Puerto Rican families, deciding to move only because he got Ma pregnant when she was only 14 and therefore needed to go to Texas, where they could legally get married. To that end, Paps can be a very manipulative man, as evidenced by the fact that he told Ma when they first had sex that she couldn’t get pregnant from sleeping with him. In keeping with this, he frequently uses his charm to convince her to forgive him after he beats her or after he runs off with other women for long periods of time. No matter what he does, it seems, he can always endear himself to his family members, and though the narrator and his brothers fear him, they also admire him. Paps is the embodiment of stereotypical masculinity, setting an example for his sons by behaving like a tough, macho man. For this reason, he finds it difficult to understand the narrator’s version of masculinity, which doesn’t align with Paps’ narrow conception of what it means to be a man. When, for example, he sees the narrator dancing one night, he’s confused by the fact that the narrator looks “pretty,” and though he points this out to the narrator in a way that emphasizes his perplexity, he doesn’t condemn his behavior. All the same, he has a negative reaction upon finding out that the narrator is gay, though his anger is perhaps due to the fact that the narrator threatens Ma for reading his journal. In the aftermath of this tense exchange, Paps gives the narrator a bath before taking him to a psych ward, and it remains unclear whether or not this act of bathing his son is a display of tenderness and respect or an attempt to wash away what he sees as the young man’s sinful ways.

Paps Quotes in We the Animals

The We the Animals quotes below are all either spoken by Paps or refer to Paps. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Identity and Belonging Theme Icon
).
1. We Wanted More Quotes

And when our Paps came home, we got spankings. Our little round butt cheeks were tore up: red, raw, leather-whipped. We knew there was something on the other side of pain, on the other side of the sting. Prickly heat radiated upward from our thighs and backsides, fire consumed our brains, but we knew that there was something more, someplace our Paps was taking us with all this. We knew, because he was meticulous, because he was precise, because he took his time. He was awakening us; he was leading us somewhere beyond burning and ripping, and you couldn’t get there in a hurry.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 2
Explanation and Analysis:

But there were times, quiet moments, when our mother was sleeping, when she hadn’t slept in two days, and any noise, any stair creak, any shut door, any stifled laugh, any voice at all, might wake her, those still, crystal mornings, when we wanted to protect her, this confused goose of a woman, this stumbler, this gusher, with her backaches and headaches and her tired, tired ways, […] those quiet mornings when we’d fix ourselves oatmeal and sprawl onto our stomachs with crayons and paper, with glass marbles that we were careful not to rattle, when our mother was sleeping […].

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 2
Explanation and Analysis:
2. Never-Never Time Quotes

We had learned not to correct her or try to pull her out of the confusion; it only made things worse. Once, before we’d known better, Joel refused to go to the neighbors and ask for a stick of butter. It was nearly midnight and she was baking a cake for Manny.

“Ma, you’re crazy,” Joel said. “Everyone’s sleeping, and it’s not even his birthday.”

She studied the clock for a good while, shook her head quickly back and forth, and then focused on Joel; she bored deep in his eyes as if she was looking past his eyeballs, into the lower part of his brain. Her mascara was all smudged and her hair was stiff and thick, curling black around her face and matted down in the back. She looked like a raccoon caught digging in the trash: surprised, dangerous.

“I hate my life,” she said.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 5
Explanation and Analysis:
3. Heritage Quotes

“Mutts,” he said. “You ain’t white and you ain’t Puerto Rican. Watch how a purebred dances, watch how we dance in the ghetto.” Every word was shouted over the music, so it was hard to tell if he was mad or just making fun.

He danced, and we tried to see what separated him from us. He pursed his lips and kept one hand on his stomach. His elbow was bent, his back was straight, but somehow there was looseness and freedom and confidence in every move.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 10
Explanation and Analysis:
4. Seven Quotes

“Loving big boys is different from loving little boys—you’ve got to meet tough with tough. It makes me tired sometimes, that’s all, and you, I don’t want you to leave me. I’m not ready.”

Then Ma leaned in and whispered more in my ear, told me more, about why she needed me six. She whispered it all to me, her need so big, no softness anywhere, only Paps and boys turning into Paps.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 17
Explanation and Analysis:

I grabbed hold of both of her cheeks and pulled her toward me for a kiss.

The pain traveled sharp and fast to her eyes, pain opened up her pupils into big black disks. She ripped her face from mine and shoved me away from her, to the floor. She cussed me and Jesus, and the tears dropped, and I was seven.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 17
Explanation and Analysis:
5. The Lake Quotes

Of course, it was impossible for me to answer her, to tell the truth, to say I was scared. The only one who ever got to say that in our family was Ma, and most of the time she wasn’t even scared, just too lazy to go down into the crawlspace herself, or else she said it to make Paps smile, to get him to tickle and tease her or pull her close, to let him know she was only really scared of being without him. But me, I would have rather let go and slipped quietly down to the lake’s black bottom than to admit fear to either one of them.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps
Page Number: 20
Explanation and Analysis:

But the incident itself played and played in my mind, and at night, in bed, I could not sleep for remembering. How Paps had slipped away from us, how he looked on as we flailed and struggled, how I needed to escape Ma’s clutch and grip, how I let myself slide down and down, and when I opened my eyes what I discovered there: black-green murkiness, an underwater world, terror. I sank down for a long time, disoriented and writhing, and then suddenly I was swimming—kicking my legs and spreading my arms just like Paps had shown me long before […].

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps
Page Number: 23
Explanation and Analysis:
10. You Better Come Quotes

[…] when I looked at her face she looked like she was in pain, but she didn’t look frightened, like it was a kind of pain she wanted.

[…] The faucet poked into the base of her spine, and it must have hurt her, all of it must have hurt her, because Paps was much bigger and heftier, and he was rough with her, just like he was rough with us. We saw that it must hurt her, too, to love him.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 48
Explanation and Analysis:

Then we were all three kicking and slapping at once, and they didn’t say a word, they didn’t even move; the only noise was the noise of skin and impact and breath, and then our protests, why don’t you come find us, why don’t you do what you’re supposed to do, come and find us, why don’t ya, because you’re bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, why don’t you do right, why can’t you do right, we hate you, come and find us, we hate you, everyone hates you, you better come and find us, next time, next time you better come.

We hit and we kept on hitting; we were allowed to be what we were, frightened and vengeful—little animals, clawing at what we needed.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Related Symbols: Animals
Page Number: 50
Explanation and Analysis:
11. Night Watch Quotes

“He crying?” Joel whispered.

“What, with his fist?”

It didn’t seem much like crying, seemed like something else, meaner than crying; steadier, too, but not one of us had ever actually seen him cry, so we couldn’t know for sure—and Paps, he didn’t say a word about it, just the thump, thump, thump, for miles. When we thought he would stop, he didn’t; when we thought he would speak or scream or cuss, he was silent. His breathing calmed some, but the water and snot kept coming, and the wheeze, and the gasp.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 58
Explanation and Analysis:
13. Ducks Quotes

Ma flipped the ignition, and the engine jumped to life. We drove back the way we came, and eventually we pulled into the driveway, home again. We had been terrified she might actually take us away from him this time but also thrilled with the wild possibility of change. Now, at the sight of our house, when it was safe to feel let down, we did. I could feel the bitterness in my brothers’ silence; I wondered if Ma felt it too.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 72
Explanation and Analysis:
17. Niagara Quotes

“I stood in that doorway, watching you dance, and you know what I was thinking?” He paused, but I didn’t answer or turn to look at him; instead I closed my eyes.

“I was thinking how pretty you were,” he said. “Now, isn’t that an odd thing for a father to think about his son? But that’s what it was. I was standing there, watching you dance and twirl and move like that, and I was thinking to myself. Goddamn, I got me a pretty one.”

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Paps
Page Number: 101
Explanation and Analysis:
18. The Night I Am Made Quotes

See me there with them, in the snow—both inside and outside their understanding. See how I made them uneasy. They smelled my difference—my sharp, sad, pansy scent. They believed I would know a world larger than their own. They hated me for my good grades, for my white ways. All at once they were disgusted, and jealous, and deeply protective, and deeply proud.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 105
Explanation and Analysis:

If the lot was full enough, I could emerge from the hedge and walk between two parked buses to the men’s room without anyone’s seeing. There was no one to explain any of this to me; I figured out the routine on my own, in small, paranoid steps. For weeks I’d been sneaking to this bus station, lurking, indecisive. I hid in the stalls, peeked through the cracks. At the sink, I washed and washed my hands, unable to return the frank stares in the mirror. I didn’t know how to show these men I was ready.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 113
Explanation and Analysis:

Paps lunged, and my brothers, for the first time in their lives, restrained him. But that restraint shifted before my eyes into an embrace; somehow, at the same time that they were keeping him back, they were supporting him, holding Paps upright, preventing him from sliding to the floor himself, and in that moment I realized that not just Ma, but each and every one of them had read the fantasies and delusions, the truth I had written in my little private book.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 116
Explanation and Analysis:
Get the entire We the Animals LitChart as a printable PDF.
We the Animals PDF

Paps Quotes in We the Animals

The We the Animals quotes below are all either spoken by Paps or refer to Paps. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Identity and Belonging Theme Icon
).
1. We Wanted More Quotes

And when our Paps came home, we got spankings. Our little round butt cheeks were tore up: red, raw, leather-whipped. We knew there was something on the other side of pain, on the other side of the sting. Prickly heat radiated upward from our thighs and backsides, fire consumed our brains, but we knew that there was something more, someplace our Paps was taking us with all this. We knew, because he was meticulous, because he was precise, because he took his time. He was awakening us; he was leading us somewhere beyond burning and ripping, and you couldn’t get there in a hurry.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 2
Explanation and Analysis:

But there were times, quiet moments, when our mother was sleeping, when she hadn’t slept in two days, and any noise, any stair creak, any shut door, any stifled laugh, any voice at all, might wake her, those still, crystal mornings, when we wanted to protect her, this confused goose of a woman, this stumbler, this gusher, with her backaches and headaches and her tired, tired ways, […] those quiet mornings when we’d fix ourselves oatmeal and sprawl onto our stomachs with crayons and paper, with glass marbles that we were careful not to rattle, when our mother was sleeping […].

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 2
Explanation and Analysis:
2. Never-Never Time Quotes

We had learned not to correct her or try to pull her out of the confusion; it only made things worse. Once, before we’d known better, Joel refused to go to the neighbors and ask for a stick of butter. It was nearly midnight and she was baking a cake for Manny.

“Ma, you’re crazy,” Joel said. “Everyone’s sleeping, and it’s not even his birthday.”

She studied the clock for a good while, shook her head quickly back and forth, and then focused on Joel; she bored deep in his eyes as if she was looking past his eyeballs, into the lower part of his brain. Her mascara was all smudged and her hair was stiff and thick, curling black around her face and matted down in the back. She looked like a raccoon caught digging in the trash: surprised, dangerous.

“I hate my life,” she said.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 5
Explanation and Analysis:
3. Heritage Quotes

“Mutts,” he said. “You ain’t white and you ain’t Puerto Rican. Watch how a purebred dances, watch how we dance in the ghetto.” Every word was shouted over the music, so it was hard to tell if he was mad or just making fun.

He danced, and we tried to see what separated him from us. He pursed his lips and kept one hand on his stomach. His elbow was bent, his back was straight, but somehow there was looseness and freedom and confidence in every move.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 10
Explanation and Analysis:
4. Seven Quotes

“Loving big boys is different from loving little boys—you’ve got to meet tough with tough. It makes me tired sometimes, that’s all, and you, I don’t want you to leave me. I’m not ready.”

Then Ma leaned in and whispered more in my ear, told me more, about why she needed me six. She whispered it all to me, her need so big, no softness anywhere, only Paps and boys turning into Paps.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 17
Explanation and Analysis:

I grabbed hold of both of her cheeks and pulled her toward me for a kiss.

The pain traveled sharp and fast to her eyes, pain opened up her pupils into big black disks. She ripped her face from mine and shoved me away from her, to the floor. She cussed me and Jesus, and the tears dropped, and I was seven.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 17
Explanation and Analysis:
5. The Lake Quotes

Of course, it was impossible for me to answer her, to tell the truth, to say I was scared. The only one who ever got to say that in our family was Ma, and most of the time she wasn’t even scared, just too lazy to go down into the crawlspace herself, or else she said it to make Paps smile, to get him to tickle and tease her or pull her close, to let him know she was only really scared of being without him. But me, I would have rather let go and slipped quietly down to the lake’s black bottom than to admit fear to either one of them.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps
Page Number: 20
Explanation and Analysis:

But the incident itself played and played in my mind, and at night, in bed, I could not sleep for remembering. How Paps had slipped away from us, how he looked on as we flailed and struggled, how I needed to escape Ma’s clutch and grip, how I let myself slide down and down, and when I opened my eyes what I discovered there: black-green murkiness, an underwater world, terror. I sank down for a long time, disoriented and writhing, and then suddenly I was swimming—kicking my legs and spreading my arms just like Paps had shown me long before […].

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps
Page Number: 23
Explanation and Analysis:
10. You Better Come Quotes

[…] when I looked at her face she looked like she was in pain, but she didn’t look frightened, like it was a kind of pain she wanted.

[…] The faucet poked into the base of her spine, and it must have hurt her, all of it must have hurt her, because Paps was much bigger and heftier, and he was rough with her, just like he was rough with us. We saw that it must hurt her, too, to love him.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 48
Explanation and Analysis:

Then we were all three kicking and slapping at once, and they didn’t say a word, they didn’t even move; the only noise was the noise of skin and impact and breath, and then our protests, why don’t you come find us, why don’t you do what you’re supposed to do, come and find us, why don’t ya, because you’re bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, why don’t you do right, why can’t you do right, we hate you, come and find us, we hate you, everyone hates you, you better come and find us, next time, next time you better come.

We hit and we kept on hitting; we were allowed to be what we were, frightened and vengeful—little animals, clawing at what we needed.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Related Symbols: Animals
Page Number: 50
Explanation and Analysis:
11. Night Watch Quotes

“He crying?” Joel whispered.

“What, with his fist?”

It didn’t seem much like crying, seemed like something else, meaner than crying; steadier, too, but not one of us had ever actually seen him cry, so we couldn’t know for sure—and Paps, he didn’t say a word about it, just the thump, thump, thump, for miles. When we thought he would stop, he didn’t; when we thought he would speak or scream or cuss, he was silent. His breathing calmed some, but the water and snot kept coming, and the wheeze, and the gasp.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 58
Explanation and Analysis:
13. Ducks Quotes

Ma flipped the ignition, and the engine jumped to life. We drove back the way we came, and eventually we pulled into the driveway, home again. We had been terrified she might actually take us away from him this time but also thrilled with the wild possibility of change. Now, at the sight of our house, when it was safe to feel let down, we did. I could feel the bitterness in my brothers’ silence; I wondered if Ma felt it too.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 72
Explanation and Analysis:
17. Niagara Quotes

“I stood in that doorway, watching you dance, and you know what I was thinking?” He paused, but I didn’t answer or turn to look at him; instead I closed my eyes.

“I was thinking how pretty you were,” he said. “Now, isn’t that an odd thing for a father to think about his son? But that’s what it was. I was standing there, watching you dance and twirl and move like that, and I was thinking to myself. Goddamn, I got me a pretty one.”

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Paps
Page Number: 101
Explanation and Analysis:
18. The Night I Am Made Quotes

See me there with them, in the snow—both inside and outside their understanding. See how I made them uneasy. They smelled my difference—my sharp, sad, pansy scent. They believed I would know a world larger than their own. They hated me for my good grades, for my white ways. All at once they were disgusted, and jealous, and deeply protective, and deeply proud.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 105
Explanation and Analysis:

If the lot was full enough, I could emerge from the hedge and walk between two parked buses to the men’s room without anyone’s seeing. There was no one to explain any of this to me; I figured out the routine on my own, in small, paranoid steps. For weeks I’d been sneaking to this bus station, lurking, indecisive. I hid in the stalls, peeked through the cracks. At the sink, I washed and washed my hands, unable to return the frank stares in the mirror. I didn’t know how to show these men I was ready.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 113
Explanation and Analysis:

Paps lunged, and my brothers, for the first time in their lives, restrained him. But that restraint shifted before my eyes into an embrace; somehow, at the same time that they were keeping him back, they were supporting him, holding Paps upright, preventing him from sliding to the floor himself, and in that moment I realized that not just Ma, but each and every one of them had read the fantasies and delusions, the truth I had written in my little private book.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number: 116
Explanation and Analysis: