We the Animals
by Justin Torres
Ma is the narrator’s mother, a loving woman who often finds herself incapable of giving her children the attention they need. This is largely due to her relationship with Paps, who is physically and emotionally abusive, causing her to go into frequent depressive periods during which she sleeps for days at a time, skips her nightshifts at the local brewery, and fails to care for the narrator, Manny, and Joel. In response, the three brothers take it upon themselves to support her, thereby inverting the standard mother-son dynamic. Accordingly, the brothers are used to Ma’s erratic and unpredictable ways, knowing that she’s prone to confusion when she suddenly emerges from her bedroom and doesn’t know what day or time it is. In these moments, she asks the brothers to do strange things, like borrow baking supplies from the neighbors even though it’s the middle of the night. Over the years, they have learned not to correct her when she makes these mistakes, since doing so often prompts her to plunge even deeper into depression, saying things like, “I hate my life.” Constantly surrounded by males, Ma values the narrator’s sensitive side, which she tells him he’ll most likely lose as he grows up. By saying this, she implies that all men grow up to be tough and macho, but this isn’t actually the case for the narrator, who—as he gets older—becomes less and less like his father and brothers. Like everyone else, Ma notices this, which is perhaps why she invades his privacy one night when he’s a teenager by finding his journal and sharing it with the rest of the family. In doing so, she learns once and for all that the narrator is gay, ultimately enraging him by trying to confront him about this in front of the entire family. This leads to the dissolution of their relationship; after the family puts the narrator in a psych ward, he cuts ties with them—a direct result of Ma’s failure to support him and her decision to invade his privacy.

Ma Quotes in We the Animals

The We the Animals quotes below are all either spoken by Ma or refer to Ma. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Identity and Belonging Theme Icon
).

1. We Wanted More Quotes

And when our Paps came home, we got spankings. Our little round butt cheeks were tore up: red, raw, leather-whipped. We knew there was something on the other side of pain, on the other side of the sting. Prickly heat radiated upward from our thighs and backsides, fire consumed our brains, but we knew that there was something more, someplace our Paps was taking us with all this. We knew, because he was meticulous, because he was precise, because he took his time. He was awakening us; he was leading us somewhere beyond burning and ripping, and you couldn’t get there in a hurry.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Manny, Ma, Paps, Joel
Page Number and Citation: 2
Explanation and Analysis:

But there were times, quiet moments, when our mother was sleeping, when she hadn’t slept in two days, and any noise, any stair creak, any shut door, any stifled laugh, any voice at all, might wake her, those still, crystal mornings, when we wanted to protect her, this confused goose of a woman, this stumbler, this gusher, with her backaches and headaches and her tired, tired ways, […] those quiet mornings when we’d fix ourselves oatmeal and sprawl onto our stomachs with crayons and paper, with glass marbles that we were careful not to rattle, when our mother was sleeping […].

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Manny, Paps, Ma, Joel
Page Number and Citation: 2
Explanation and Analysis:

2. Never-Never Time Quotes

We had learned not to correct her or try to pull her out of the confusion; it only made things worse. Once, before we’d known better, Joel refused to go to the neighbors and ask for a stick of butter. It was nearly midnight and she was baking a cake for Manny.

“Ma, you’re crazy,” Joel said. “Everyone’s sleeping, and it’s not even his birthday.”

She studied the clock for a good while, shook her head quickly back and forth, and then focused on Joel; she bored deep in his eyes as if she was looking past his eyeballs, into the lower part of his brain. Her mascara was all smudged and her hair was stiff and thick, curling black around her face and matted down in the back. She looked like a raccoon caught digging in the trash: surprised, dangerous.

“I hate my life,” she said.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Paps, Ma, Manny, Joel
Page Number and Citation: 5
Explanation and Analysis:

4. Seven Quotes

“Loving big boys is different from loving little boys—you’ve got to meet tough with tough. It makes me tired sometimes, that’s all, and you, I don’t want you to leave me. I’m not ready.”

Then Ma leaned in and whispered more in my ear, told me more, about why she needed me six. She whispered it all to me, her need so big, no softness anywhere, only Paps and boys turning into Paps.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joel, Ma, Manny, Paps
Page Number and Citation: 17
Explanation and Analysis:

I grabbed hold of both of her cheeks and pulled her toward me for a kiss.

The pain traveled sharp and fast to her eyes, pain opened up her pupils into big black disks. She ripped her face from mine and shoved me away from her, to the floor. She cussed me and Jesus, and the tears dropped, and I was seven.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Paps, Manny, Joel, Ma
Page Number and Citation: 17
Explanation and Analysis:

5. The Lake Quotes

Of course, it was impossible for me to answer her, to tell the truth, to say I was scared. The only one who ever got to say that in our family was Ma, and most of the time she wasn’t even scared, just too lazy to go down into the crawlspace herself, or else she said it to make Paps smile, to get him to tickle and tease her or pull her close, to let him know she was only really scared of being without him. But me, I would have rather let go and slipped quietly down to the lake’s black bottom than to admit fear to either one of them.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps
Page Number and Citation: 20
Explanation and Analysis:

But the incident itself played and played in my mind, and at night, in bed, I could not sleep for remembering. How Paps had slipped away from us, how he looked on as we flailed and struggled, how I needed to escape Ma’s clutch and grip, how I let myself slide down and down, and when I opened my eyes what I discovered there: black-green murkiness, an underwater world, terror. I sank down for a long time, disoriented and writhing, and then suddenly I was swimming—kicking my legs and spreading my arms just like Paps had shown me long before […].

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps
Page Number and Citation: 23
Explanation and Analysis:

8. Other Locusts Quotes

I yelled for them to stop, that’s all I did, yelled that one word over and over, stop, stop, stop. I thought of Ma, whispering that same stop, stop, stop to our father. Manny sucked down the snot from his nose into his throat and spat a lugie in Joel’s face, and the mucus slid off, like egg yolk.

“Animals,” said Old Man, “animals.”

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joel, Ma, Old Man, Manny
Related Symbols: Animals
Page Number and Citation: 37
Explanation and Analysis:

10. You Better Come Quotes

[…] when I looked at her face she looked like she was in pain, but she didn’t look frightened, like it was a kind of pain she wanted.

[…] The faucet poked into the base of her spine, and it must have hurt her, all of it must have hurt her, because Paps was much bigger and heftier, and he was rough with her, just like he was rough with us. We saw that it must hurt her, too, to love him.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Manny, Joel
Page Number and Citation: 48
Explanation and Analysis:

Then we were all three kicking and slapping at once, and they didn’t say a word, they didn’t even move; the only noise was the noise of skin and impact and breath, and then our protests, why don’t you come find us, why don’t you do what you’re supposed to do, come and find us, why don’t ya, because you’re bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, why don’t you do right, why can’t you do right, we hate you, come and find us, we hate you, everyone hates you, you better come and find us, next time, next time you better come.

We hit and we kept on hitting; we were allowed to be what we were, frightened and vengeful—little animals, clawing at what we needed.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Manny, Joel, Ma, Paps
Related Symbols: Animals
Page Number and Citation: 50
Explanation and Analysis:

13. Ducks Quotes

Ma flipped the ignition, and the engine jumped to life. We drove back the way we came, and eventually we pulled into the driveway, home again. We had been terrified she might actually take us away from him this time but also thrilled with the wild possibility of change. Now, at the sight of our house, when it was safe to feel let down, we did. I could feel the bitterness in my brothers’ silence; I wondered if Ma felt it too.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Paps, Manny, Joel, Ma
Page Number and Citation: 72
Explanation and Analysis:

18. The Night I Am Made Quotes

See me there with them, in the snow—both inside and outside their understanding. See how I made them uneasy. They smelled my difference—my sharp, sad, pansy scent. They believed I would know a world larger than their own. They hated me for my good grades, for my white ways. All at once they were disgusted, and jealous, and deeply protective, and deeply proud.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joel, Paps, Ma, Manny
Page Number and Citation: 105
Explanation and Analysis:

If the lot was full enough, I could emerge from the hedge and walk between two parked buses to the men’s room without anyone’s seeing. There was no one to explain any of this to me; I figured out the routine on my own, in small, paranoid steps. For weeks I’d been sneaking to this bus station, lurking, indecisive. I hid in the stalls, peeked through the cracks. At the sink, I washed and washed my hands, unable to return the frank stares in the mirror. I didn’t know how to show these men I was ready.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Manny, Ma, Paps, Joel
Page Number and Citation: 113
Explanation and Analysis:

Paps lunged, and my brothers, for the first time in their lives, restrained him. But that restraint shifted before my eyes into an embrace; somehow, at the same time that they were keeping him back, they were supporting him, holding Paps upright, preventing him from sliding to the floor himself, and in that moment I realized that not just Ma, but each and every one of them had read the fantasies and delusions, the truth I had written in my little private book.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Ma, Paps, Joel, Manny
Page Number and Citation: 116
Explanation and Analysis:
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Ma Character Timeline in We the Animals

The timeline below shows where the character Ma appears in We the Animals. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
1. We Wanted More
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
Support and Caretaking Theme Icon
...cold at night, what it’s like to do without heat. Sometimes the narrator’s oldest brother, Manny, climbs into bed with him and the second oldest, Joel, just so they can be... (full context)
Support and Caretaking Theme Icon
...they try to be as quiet and calm as possible. They act like this when Ma shuts herself in her room for multiple days without emerging. During these periods, the boys... (full context)
2. Never-Never Time
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...taking delight in the way the tomatoes splatter over each other. As they do this, Ma comes out of her bedroom and enters the kitchen in her bathrobe. Squinting, she asks... (full context)
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When she’s truly confused, Ma will sometimes wake up in the middle of the day and tell the boys to... (full context)
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When none of the brothers tell her why they’re not in school, Ma notices tomato juice dripping down their faces. Astonished for a moment, she remarks that they... (full context)
4. Seven
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
Support and Caretaking Theme Icon
Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
Paps brings Ma home one day and carries her inside. Laying her down in bed, he gently touches... (full context)
Identity and Belonging Theme Icon
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
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Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
Manny tells Ma that the narrator is seven now, and she says, “He’ll leave me, now... (full context)
Identity and Belonging Theme Icon
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
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Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
The narrator stays in Ma’s bedroom and tells her the dentist punched her to loosen her teeth. Hearing this, she... (full context)
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Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
...tenderness, he reaches out, takes her face in his hands, and kisses her. In pain, Ma rapidly turns away and pushes the narrator to the floor. As he falls, he hears... (full context)
5. The Lake
Identity and Belonging Theme Icon
Support and Caretaking Theme Icon
Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
One evening, the family visits a lake. The narrator and Ma don’t know how to swim, so Paps paddles them into deeper waters. He keeps swimming... (full context)
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
Support and Caretaking Theme Icon
Once in the middle of the lake, Paps announces that the narrator and Ma are going to finally learn how to swim. Saying this, he lets go of them,... (full context)
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
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Outside the car, Manny and Joel ask the narrator what, exactly, happened in the lake, and he tells them... (full context)
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...bed that night about what happened at the lake. He remembers diving deep to escape Ma, frantically wriggling in the water until he realized he was swimming on the surface just... (full context)
6. Us Proper
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
...pretend to be “Three Billy Goats Gruff,” the narrator explains, but this game changes when Ma teaches them about sex. Ma, for her part, never learned about sex, which is why... (full context)
7. Lina
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For a stretch of days, Paps disappears and Ma stops going to work. She also stops eating and cooking, leaving the boys to fend... (full context)
8. Other Locusts
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
Support and Caretaking Theme Icon
...narrator and his brothers sneak into their neighbor’s garden. They refer to him as Old Man, and they brazenly stomp on his plants, eating whatever they find. When they look up,... (full context)
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At one point, Manny tells Old Man that they ran away from home, and Joel says that their mother... (full context)
9. Talk To Me
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At dinner one night, the phone rings. Ma doesn’t get up to answer it, but she says it must be Paps. The boys... (full context)
10. You Better Come
Identity and Belonging Theme Icon
Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
...crowds into the bathroom as he gives the boys a bath. While he scrubs them, Ma stands at the mirror in a bra and applies makeup. The narrator looks at his... (full context)
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
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Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
Upon finishing at the toilet, Paps zips his pants and comes up behind Ma, putting his arms around her and sliding his hands beneath her bra. Seeing this, the... (full context)
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
Support and Caretaking Theme Icon
Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
...hide behind the shower curtain. Their parents pretend not to notice, and Paps playfully asks Ma where they went. Excitedly, they wait for their parents to look for them, but instead... (full context)
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Turning her head, Ma sees the narrator and his brothers looking out from behind the shower curtain, so she... (full context)
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As Ma pins Paps on the floor, the brothers tickle him. Eventually, she tells them to stop,... (full context)
11. Night Watch
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Paps gets a job as a nighttime security guard, and because Ma also works nights, the boys accompany him on his shifts. One night, the narrator wakes... (full context)
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In the commotion of trying to round up their belongings, Manny starts laughing, but Paps slaps him across the face and tells him to take the... (full context)
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
...between Paps and the security guard isn’t their fault, since Paps himself fell asleep. However, Manny points out that Paps will still probably blame them, at least partially, since something is... (full context)
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The chanting continues even when Paps and the boys enter the house. The noise startles Ma, who rushes over to Paps on the couch and asks what’s wrong, though he doesn’t... (full context)
12. Big-Dick Truck
Identity and Belonging Theme Icon
Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
...his sons that this is the family’s new ride, but the general excitement abates when Ma angrily asks how many seats the truck has. In response, Paps admits that it has... (full context)
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
Paps slaps Ma on the side of the head, but she doesn’t stop berating him, yelling, “Big-dick Truck!... (full context)
13. Ducks
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
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One evening, Paps comes home and starts lustfully reaching for Ma, who’s already late for work. She tells him to stop, but he doesn’t, instead pulling... (full context)
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
Support and Caretaking Theme Icon
The boys go to bed, and Ma finally leaves for work. When she comes home, she wakes them up and tells them... (full context)
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...put it in the water, get in, and take a nap. When the wake up, Ma is looking at them, yelling that she thought they’d been kidnapped. When she gathers them... (full context)
14. Trench
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
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...digging a hole in the backyard. They joke that he’s digging a grave, but then Manny suggests that it’s a trench. For several weeks, the boys have been obsessed with pretending... (full context)
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Exiting the hole, Paps goes to get Ma from work, but several hours later Ma returns drunk and angry, wanting to know where... (full context)
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Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
...the same, he gets lost in the moment, and it isn’t until he hears Joel, Manny, Ma, and Paps laughing above him that he snaps back to attention. His brothers laugh... (full context)
16. Wasn’t No One To Stop This
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
...at them, feeling glorious with their anger beneath the beautiful fading sky. At one point, Manny starts talking about magic. Recently, he has been talking about God, and now he tells... (full context)
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...want to go home. They heard other parents calling their children in for dinner, but Ma and Paps haven’t summoned them (nor, it seems, will they). Moving through the dark woods,... (full context)
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Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
The boys hide in the woods as the headbanger tracks them. When he gets close, Manny emerges and sits on a nearby log, and his brothers follow suit. The headbanger asks... (full context)
18. The Night I Am Made
Identity and Belonging Theme Icon
Violence, Aggression, and Love Theme Icon
Masculinity and Coming of Age Theme Icon
...homeless cats, they buy a carton of milk and set it out for the kittens. Manny wonders aloud how long it will take for the kittens to turn on the runt... (full context)
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Recently, Ma and Paps have been talking to the narrator about his academic success, telling him that... (full context)
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After pretending to wind up, Manny drops the stick and becomes serious, saying that there really is something “fucked up” about... (full context)
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...will never again be easy between him and his family. With tears on her face, Ma says something, but the narrator doesn’t hear her because he sees his journal sitting in... (full context)
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Enraged that the narrator would threaten his own mother, Paps jumps at him, but Manny and Joel manage (for the first time ever) to keep him back. The narrator observes... (full context)
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...taking off the narrator’s clothes and bathing him. While he gently washes his son’s body, Ma collects the narrator’s belongings, packing them up and bringing them to the truck, where Manny... (full context)