City of Thieves
by David Benioff

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Russia and World War II Theme Analysis

Themes and Colors
Growing Up Theme Icon
Literature and Storytelling Theme Icon
Sexuality, Masculinity, and Power Theme Icon
Survival Theme Icon
Russia and World War II Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in City of Thieves, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Russia and World War II Theme Icon
Russia and World War II Theme Icon

City of Thieves takes place during World War II, four months after Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941 that began the war on the Eastern Front. Historical accounts state that Stalin ignored or brushed off intelligence from multiple sources that indicated the German forces were planning an attack on the Soviet Union. As a result, Soviet forces were woefully underprepared to defend against the German advances. By September, the Germans had successfully surrounded Leningrad, beginning the siege of the city, and were stationed about 30 kilometers outside Moscow, the Soviet Union's capital city. By the end of 1941, when the novel begins, Soviet military casualties totaled around 4.3 million. The brutal siege was lifted almost three years later, in January 1944. The Germans surrendered to the Allies (USA, Britain, and Soviet Union) in April of that year, the day after Hitler committed suicide.

The novel shows many faces of the war, ranging from Leningrad's citizens, Red Army soldiers, Soviet NKVD (secret police), to Nazis. Lev, an ordinary citizen, remains in the city rather than evacuate. He insists on staying less because of Russian pride, but more due to the pride he feels towards Piter (Leningrad) specifically as his hometown. This pride in the city is woven throughout the novel, as the conflict is spoken of more in terms of the Nazis versus Leningrad than in terms of the Nazis versus the Soviet Union as a whole.

Alongside the development of the different "types" of people in their different roles, Lev is confronted with the difficulty that arises when the conflict isn't simply a matter of good versus evil, or Russia versus Nazis. While Lev falls madly in love with Vika nearly immediately, he struggles with the fact that she's a member of the NKVD, which arrested his father years before and never returned him. Lev essentially has to grapple with the fact that while the NKVD is undeniably on the side of Russia and Leningrad, it is also responsible for destroying his family, making it difficult to consider them as entirely good or evil. Lev also recognizes this dissonance in Colonel Grechko, when he understands that he too was at one point taken by the NKVD, but was returned and now exists in a place of power, working for the same organization that once imprisoned him.

The situation in Leningrad is dire enough to turn citizens and neighbors against each other, alluding to the idea that even though the Nazis are the true "bad guys," there are also Russian people in Leningrad who very much want their fellow countrymen dead. As Lev and Kolya encounter individuals like the cannibals and Vadim's grandfather, who died protecting chickens, Lev begins to understand that there perhaps isn't a side of true good, as even his fellow Russians are willing to kill him for little more than a ration card or a pair of boots, and his government is willing to send him into danger to try to find a dozen eggs to make a wedding cake. In this way, much of Lev's growing up stems from the realizations he makes about his own place within the conflict of World War II, and what he learns about good and evil as he's confronted with both existing on the same side of the conflict.

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Russia and World War II Quotes in City of Thieves

Below you will find the important quotes in City of Thieves related to the theme of Russia and World War II.

Chapter 1 Quotes

But I wasn't leaving Piter. I was a man, I would defend my city, I would be a Nevsky for the twentieth century.

Related Characters: Lev Beniov (speaker), Mother
Page Number and Citation: 8
Explanation and Analysis:
Lev is explaining how he conceptualized the war and his role in it at the beginning of the siege. Specifically, he fought his mother for the first time and elected to stay in the city rather than evacuate with her and his sister. This phrase is indicative of Lev's youth and works to provide a starting point from which he can grow throughout the novel. Nevsky refers to Alexander Nevsky, a 13th-century Russian prince who rose to mythical status due to important military victories, and who was later canonized as a saint in the Russian Orthodox Church. By idolizing Nevsky Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Veli

I'd like to say I missed them when they were gone, and some nights I was lonely, and always I missed my mother's cooking, but I had fantasized about being on my own since I was little. My favorite folktales featured resourceful orphans... I wouldn't say I was happy—we were all too hungry to be happy—but I believed that here at last was the Meaning.

Related Characters: Lev Beniov (speaker), Taisya, Mother
Page Number and Citation: 10
Explanation and Analysis:
Lev is describing for the reader how he lived during the siege after his mother and sister evacuated the city. Rather than lament their absence, Lev, at 17, finally gets the opportunity to live out his childhood fantasy of being a "resourceful orphan." Lev will consistently hearken back to the fairytales of his youth as he encounters the absurdity and inhumanity of the war and the siege. These fairytales are the only way to effectively make sense of everything, as the absurdity of reality is too great at times for the characters to be able to handle the truth. By Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperia

... maybe they would miss on purpose because they knew I was a patriot and a defender of the city and I had snuck out of the Kirov only because a German had fallen five thousand meters onto my street, and what seventeen-year-old Russian boy would not sneak outside to peek at a dead Fascist?

Related Characters: Lev Beniov (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 16
Explanation and Analysis:
Lev has just run back to help Vera escape a Russian Army patrol that found them looting a fallen German paratrooper. As Lev scales the gate to the Kirov, the army captures him, although Vera escapes. This thought makes Lev's youth abundantly clear, especially since this is one of several phrases that obviously comes with the weight of adult Lev's wisdom. Lev characterizes himself as a normal 17-year-old boy whose world revolves around himself—he mentally implores the soldiers to look away from his blatant illegal activity, despite the fact that looting and being out past curfew are punishable by death. Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit u

Chapter 2 Quotes

So many great Russians endured long stretches in prison. That night I learned I would never be a great Russian.

Related Characters: Lev Beniov (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 20
Explanation and Analysis:
Despite being used to being alone and/or in the dark, Lev is struggling with the experience of spending a night in the Crosses prison. Throughout the first few chapters of the novel, it's made very clear that Lev wants to be a war hero. He wants to be an adult and essentially perform his idea of adulthood in such a way as to make himself into a hero and a "great Russian." However, while in prison Lev is confronted with the reality of the situation. He's a naturally fearful person and as he's faced with experiences that are scary, he Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Vol

Chapter 3 Quotes

She wants a real wedding, a proper wedding. This is good, life must continue, we're fighting barbarians but we must remain human, Russian. So we will have music, dancing... a cake.

Related Characters: Colonel Grechko (speaker), Lev Beniov, Kolya Vlasov, The Colonel's Daughter
Page Number and Citation: 34
Explanation and Analysis:
Colonel Grechko, Lev, and Kolya are standing on the edge of the river, watching the colonel's daughter skate. The colonel is explaining to Lev and Kolya what their mission is. It's abundantly clear that Colonel Grechko and his daughter are faring much better than Lev and Kolya are during the siege, and it's also apparent that the colonel has a very different idea of how life should be conducted in a time of war. While Lev and Kolya are concerned simply with eating enough to stay alive, Colonel Grechko places a great deal of importance on throwing a lavish (by Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem

Chapter 4 Quotes

None of them got out. If you want to tell yourself something sweet to help you sleep, go ahead, but it's a lie.

Related Characters: Kolya Vlasov (speaker), Lev Beniov
Page Number and Citation: 41
Explanation and Analysis:
Kolya and Lev are walking to the Haymarket and Kolya mentioned that he was near the zoo when it was bombed by the Nazis. Lev asks if it was true that animals escaped and ran through the streets, and Kolya answers that all of them died. Lev will later describe how ignoring the fact that horrific things have happened is absolutely necessary for emotional survival during the war. Several times throughout the novel Kolya shares some of the awful things he's seen as a soldier. This helps to set him far above Lev in age and maturity, even though he's Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim

Chapter 5 Quotes

Everything about the war was ridiculous: The Germans' barbarity, the Party's propaganda, the crossfire of incendiary bullets that lit the nighttime sky. It all seemed to him like someone else's story, an amazingly detailed story that he had stumbled into and now could not escape.

Related Characters: Lev Beniov (speaker), Kolya Vlasov
Page Number and Citation: 51
Explanation and Analysis:
Kolya is engaged in an argument with a man in the Haymarket selling wood alcohol, and Lev is describing to the reader how Kolya is dealing with the state of his world and life in light of the war. Rather than accept it as simple reality, Kolya moves through his life as a soldier as though he's part of a grander narrative, with an unwavering belief in his own eventual success and triumph. Lev will later describe this state of being as pure, as though Kolya has accepted his own heroic destiny. Further, Lev's description of the war begins to Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati

Chapter 6 Quotes

You couldn't let too much truth seep into your conversation, you couldn't admit with your mouth what your eyes had seen. If you opened the door even a centimeter, you would smell the rot outside and hear the screams. You did not open the door. You kept your mind on the tasks of the day, the hunt for food and water and something to burn, and you saved the rest for the end of the war.

Related Characters: Lev Beniov (speaker), Kolya Vlasov, The Giant, The Giant's Wife
Page Number and Citation: 63
Explanation and Analysis:
Lev and Kolya are walking to the Kirov for the night after escaping the cannibals' apartment, and Lev is haunted by the thought of the human body parts he saw hanging there. This passage succinctly and poetically describes how mental and emotional preservation works in this time of war, danger, and intense suffering. People can't actually admit how awful life is or the terrible things they've seen because those awful experiences are everywhere and inescapable. Instead, it's easier to focus on what's necessary for physical survival and repress everything else. Lev indicates at different points that he's been engaging in Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident exp

Chapter 7 Quotes

Sonya was lovely and kind, but her pleasure was awful to listen to—I wanted to be the one who could transport a pretty girl away from the siege with my cock.

Related Characters: Lev Beniov (speaker), Kolya Vlasov, Sonya Ivanova
Page Number and Citation: 76
Explanation and Analysis:
Lev and Kolya are staying the night at Sonya's apartment. Lev is sleeping in the sitting room with a number of doctors and nurses, while Kolya and Sonya sleep together and have sex in the bedroom. While sex is often used by one character to assert dominance over another or others, having Lev himself discuss it in this way primarily serves to further develop his youth and inexperience. He wishes he were in a position to escape the siege (and help someone else escape) emotionally through sex, which he's characterizing as being something adult, or at the very least something Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mol

Chapter 8 Quotes

Kolya stared into the distance, contemplating the lieutenant's words. He must have thought they were profound. To me they sounded manufactured, the kind of line my father always hated, fake dialogue invented by some Party-approved journalist for one of those "Heroes at the Front!" articles Truth for Young Pioneers always ran.

Related Characters: Lev Beniov (speaker), Kolya Vlasov, Abraham Beniov (Lev’s Father)
Page Number and Citation: 78
Explanation and Analysis:
Kolya has just finished telling Lev about something his former lieutenant told another soldier. While the sentiment of the lieutenant's words was admirable (he was trying to help the soldier feel better), Lev takes offense to the fact that the words sound very fake and manufactured. This provides some insight into Lev's father as well, and the influence that he continues to have on Lev's life even in his death. It's indicated that Abraham Beniov also found lines like the lieutenant's offensive and poorly written, which alludes to the possibility that even though he may not have been quite the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officii

Chapter 10 Quotes

I was cursed with the pessimism of both the Russians and the Jews, two of the gloomiest tribes in the world. Still, if there wasn't greatness in me, maybe I had the talent to recognize it in others, even the most irritating of others.

Related Characters: Lev Beniov (speaker), Kolya Vlasov
Page Number and Citation: 98
Explanation and Analysis:
Kolya has informed Lev that they're going to walk 50 kilometers to Mga to find eggs, and Lev knows he's going to follow Kolya because of Kolya's natural leadership tendencies despite the plan being optimistic at best. This develops both Lev and Kolya's characters. We see how Kolya is able to lead. He uses logic to hatch a plan that while far fetched and likely impossible, seems logical at the very least. Then, he's able to convince those around him to follow. Lev is beginning to recognize by this point that he's likely not going to be a hero alone Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae

"Don't worry, my friend. I won't let you die."
I was seventeen and stupid and I believed him.

Related Characters: Kolya Vlasov (speaker), Lev Beniov (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 99
Explanation and Analysis:
Lev has insisted that he and Kolya sit before departing on their journey for Mga, which is an old folk tradition. When Lev opens his eyes and sees Kolya watching him, Kolya tells him this. Whenever Lev and Kolya are engaged in conversations about their own potential deaths, it's possible for the reader to take those statements as prophecy and foreshadowing for the future. That is the case particularly with this statement, as the reader knows from the beginning of the novel that Lev lives to tell his tale, thanks to the framing story. This statement is also very referential Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam

Chapter 13 Quotes

It seemed wonderfully abstract to me, somebody else's war. Wherever they dropped their bombs, it wouldn't be on me.

Related Characters: Lev Beniov (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 113
Explanation and Analysis:
Lev and Kolya are walking through the woods outside of Leningrad, having passed the last line of Russian forces. They're in German-controlled territory, and despite the fact that it feels safe at the moment, it will later become very dangerous. However, at this point Lev sees the seemingly empty forest as shelter from the death, hunger, and destruction running rampant in Leningrad. The guilt Lev feels stems from the loyalty he feels to his city of origin. Leningrad is his home and he originally wanted to stay and protect it, but has grown disillusioned with his visions of being a Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperia

Chapter 15 Quotes

This is all very strange, I thought. I am in the middle of a battle and I am aware of my own thoughts, I am worried about how stupid I look with a knife in my hand while everyone else came to fight with rifles and machine guns. I am aware that I am aware. Even now, with bullets buzzing through the air like angry hornets, I cannot escape the chatter of my brain.

Related Characters: Lev Beniov (speaker), Kolya Vlasov
Page Number and Citation: 140
Explanation and Analysis:
Lev and Kolya unexpectedly find themselves in the middle of a Partisan attack on German soldiers at the farmhouse. Rather than try to avoid what's happening, Lev is experiencing this intense sense of turning inwards and picking apart how exactly he's experiencing his fear—which is, in its way, another kind of detachment. This points back to the novel's engagement with literature, as the way that Lev describes his thoughts is as though he's writing it. In this way, the reader is reminded of the framing story and that we're essentially hearing the story from Lev as an adult. Further, Lev's Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occa

Chapter 17 Quotes

Kolya considered himself a bit of a bohemian, a free thinker, but in his own way he was as much a true believer as any Young Pioneer. The worst part about it was that I didn't think he was wrong.

Related Characters: Lev Beniov (speaker), Kolya Vlasov
Page Number and Citation: 161
Explanation and Analysis:
Lev and Kolya are preparing to follow the partisans, and Kolya has declared that while he and Lev are still looking for eggs, they're also going to kill Einsatz because it's the right thing to do. Lev is experiencing discomfort as he grapples with the intersections of being Russian (and therefore anti-Nazi), being wary of the NKVD and the Soviet government in general after his father's arrest, but also seeing that in this situation, the side of Russia is the side of good triumphing over evil, despite the evil it might partake in itself. This emotional struggle that Lev undertakes Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delec

Chapter 18 Quotes

At a distance it seemed beautiful, and I thought it was strange that powerful violence is often so pleasing to the eye, like tracer bullets at night.

Related Characters: Lev Beniov (speaker), Kolya Vlasov, Vika, Korsakov
Page Number and Citation: 170
Explanation and Analysis:
Lev, Kolya, and the partisans are passing a village that has been torched by the Nazis. With this observation, Lev is engaging with the violence as though it's very abstract. While this style of engagement doesn't only happen at this point—Lev does this throughout the novel—it serves to demonstrate how otherworldly such extreme and brutal violence can seem, and how individuals have to deal with what they've seen. Lev is able to keep going because he focuses on the very strange beauty of the siege and the war, rather than the very ugly result of the violence itself. Further, the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut ven

Chapter 22 Quotes

"We're pawns and he's a rook, that's what you're saying."
"We're less than pawns. Pawns have value."
"If we can take a rook, we have value, too."

Related Characters: Vika (speaker), Kolya Vlasov (speaker), Lev Beniov, Abendroth
Related Symbols: Chess
Page Number and Citation: 211
Explanation and Analysis:
Lev, Kolya, and Vika are posing as prisoners of German soldiers and are discussing the best plan for how to kill Abendroth. Chess is used throughout the novel both literally and as a metaphor to explore the strategy and decision-making that Lev, Kolya, and Vika must engage with in order to successfully stay alive and accomplish their other goals. Lev was a childhood chess prodigy, and engaging with chess in this way allows him to triumph and be successful using something other than brute masculine strength, as the other male characters do, and which Lev lacks. Chess essentially provides a Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam e

Chapter 23 Quotes

I have never been much of a patriot. My father would not have allowed such a thing while he lived, and his death insured that his wish was carried out. Piter commanded far more affection and loyalty from me than the nation as a whole. But that night, running across the unplowed fields of winter wheat, with the Fascist invaders behind us and the dark Russian woods before us, I felt a surge of pure love for my country.

Related Characters: Lev Beniov (speaker), Kolya Vlasov, Vika, Abendroth, Abraham Beniov (Lev’s Father)
Page Number and Citation: 233
Explanation and Analysis:
Lev, Kolya, and Vika are running towards the woods after killing Abendroth. Killing Abendroth was the catalyst for several changes in Lev. First, while he was still very afraid at the time, he conquered his fear and accomplished what he set out to do. This allowed him to become a man for all intents and purposes, as much of Lev's development over the course of the novel is psychological, and killing Abendroth represents the culmination of this development. Finally, as Lev states here, killing Abendroth allowed him to experience love for his country like he had not previously been able Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum vo