Home Fire

by

Kamila Shamsie

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Home Fire: Chapter 1 – Isma Summary & Analysis

Summary
Analysis
Isma Pasha is detained at Heathrow airport, prior to her flight to the United States. Even though she made  sure not to pack anything that might raise flags (a Quran, family pictures, books for her research), the security officer looks through every item of her clothing. She notes Isma’s nice jacket, commenting that it must not be hers (because it is too expensive).
Isma’s experience being detained at Heathrow immediately introduces the idea of how Muslims are stereotyped (in this case, associated with terrorist groups and therefore put through extra checks at security) and targeted because of those stereotypes.
Themes
Islam, Nationality, and Identity. Theme Icon
Stereotypes vs. Individuality Theme Icon
Isma says that she used to manage a dry cleaning shop, and her jacket was donated by a woman who didn’t want it anymore because it was stained. The officer asks how Isma went from managing a dry cleaning shop to starting a PhD program in sociology. She explains that she had to put her academic plans on hold after she finished college, when she had to take care of her 12-year-old siblings following the death of their mother, Zainab.
Shamsie also immediately introduces the dynamic between Isma and her siblings: because their mother had died when they were young, Isma had become more of a parental figure than a sister to them. This leads to her desire to protect her family—particularly Aneeka—at any cost.
Themes
Familial Love, Protection, and Betrayal Theme Icon
Following the search of her suitcase, Isma has an interview with a second officer, who asks her, “Do you consider yourself British?” and repeats the question when Isma affirms that she is British. The interrogation continues for nearly two hours. Isma answers the questions compliantly, having practiced just this scenario with her sister Aneeka. Eventually, she is released when the first officer walks in and confirms that the U.S. had in fact approved Isma’s student visa. Isma thanks “the woman whose thumbprints were on her underwear, not allowing even a shade of sarcasm to enter her voice.”
The interview illustrates how discrimination plays into the incident—to the point where Isma had essentially been expecting to be detained. The officer’s questions also set up the idea that being Muslim is somehow considered antithetical to being British by this officer, as if the two are mutually exclusive. This idea of loyalty to one’s nationality versus one’s faith becomes crucial throughout the book, as the Pashas (Isma, Aneeka, and Parvaiz) often find themselves forced to adhere to their faith at the cost of their British identity.
Themes
Islam, Nationality, and Identity. Theme Icon
Quotes
Isma misses her flight due to being detained, and a Muslim woman in customer services finds her a place on the next flight out. When she arrives in Boston, she expects a repeat of the interrogation in London, but the immigration official only asks a few questions. Isma’s mentor, Dr. Shah, picks her up from the airport, and Isma texts Aneeka, assuring her she made it through no problem. She feels the promise of a new beginning, on New Year’s Day 2015.
Isma’s journey to America marks a new beginning for her, but it is also her decision to travel to Boston that makes Aneeka and especially Parvaiz feel isolated and betrayed, and it is one of the things that allows him to drift away and find another parental figure that will help set out a path for his own life.
Themes
Familial Love, Protection, and Betrayal Theme Icon
Fathers, Sons, and Inheritance Theme Icon
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Ten weeks later, Isma is settled in a studio apartment in Boston, glad to be immersed in her daily life of reading, walking, and writing. One morning, through her skylight, she notes a parachutist descending from the sky. She heads to her favorite café to get to work, and she opens Skype out of habit to check if Aneeka is online. Instead, she sees her brother Parvaiz is online. She is shocked; she hasn’t seen him online since he left in December. Isma wonders if he’s trying to contact her, but he doesn’t call. It is hard for her to think of him “without adjectives such as ‘ungrateful’ and ‘selfish’ slicing through the feeling of loss.” Then his name vanishes.
Even though it is not revealed exactly where Parvaiz has gone until much later in the book, already there is a sense of conflict between the two. Parvaiz has gone to search for the father figure he never had in order to find his own way in the world. But for Isma, this is a complete betrayal of the family that she worked so hard to keep together following the deaths of their parents and grandmother.
Themes
Familial Love, Protection, and Betrayal Theme Icon
Fathers, Sons, and Inheritance Theme Icon
Isma misses Aneeka deeply. Even though, as twins, Aneeka always relied on Parvaiz to talk to, she had always come to Isma for physical comforts like a hug or a back rub. And when Isma was forced to take care of the twins when they were 12 years old following the deaths of their mother, Zainab, and their grandmother, Aneeka was also there to support her sister in turn.
The physical closeness between Isma and Aneeka shows the deep familial love between the two of them. This only makes Isma’s supposed betrayal of Parvaiz, of which Aneeka learns later, all the more hurtful to Aneeka.
Themes
Familial Love, Protection, and Betrayal Theme Icon
Quotes
Around midafternoon, a young man (Eamonn Lone) walks in, and he looks “stomach-turningly familiar” to Isma. She recalls a photo from the 1970s in her uncle’s house of their neighborhood cricket team. Her uncle had told her that the young man holding the trophy (Karamat Lone) in the photo had only been visiting his cousin and they had invited him to play. Though he had done little, he ended up holding the trophy. That’s how they knew he would be a politician, and sure enough was recently elected to Parliament.
The story about Karamat taking credit for winning the cricket match establishes the stereotype of him as someone who will do anything for success and glory—including, many later believe, relinquishing his faith and turning on other Muslims. Yet eventually Shamsie reveals the nuance in his positions and highlights how his beliefs spring from his personal background.
Themes
Stereotypes vs. Individuality Theme Icon
Later that day at her uncle’s house, Isma overheard her grandmother saying that Karamat had recently been cruel to their family. Now, Isma thinks that the young man who walked into the café must be his son, because they look so alike. His name is Eamonn, “an Irish spelling to disguise a Muslim name—‘Ayman’ become ‘Eamonn’ so that people would know the father had integrated.” She also notes that his Irish American wife, Terry, is another indicator of his integrating.
Isma’s description of Eamonn’s name and family background highlights how Karamat and the rest of the Lones have made in many ways the opposite choices from the Pashas: they’ve decided to distance themselves from their Pakistani origins and Muslim identity in order to become more “integrated” with the British public. 
Themes
Islam, Nationality, and Identity. Theme Icon
Eamonn waits at the counter until Isma walks over to explain that the counter to order is upstairs. He thanks her, offering to get her another cup of coffee, and she is surprised at his very posh accent, which is different from the “class-obscuring London accent of his father.” When Eamonn returns, Isma asks how much she owes him. When he says five minutes of conversation, she offers for him to walk to the supermarket with her.
Eamonn’s posh accent in comparison to his father’s highlights the relative privilege in which Eamonn grew up. This privilege is thanks in large part to his mother, in contrast to his father, who came from a working-class family. This dynamic, the reader will later learn, adds to Eamonn’s feelings of pressure on himself to out-achieve his father.
Themes
Fathers, Sons, and Inheritance Theme Icon
On the walk to the supermarket, Isma learns that Eamonn recently quit his job with a consulting company and is taking some time off. He has chosen to visit his maternal grandparents in Amherst. Isma notes that he is charming, but that he might be making a show of his manners. After the supermarket, they take a walk through the woods  together. They primarily make small talk, but “the Englishness of his humor, and his cultural references, [are] a greater treat than she would have expected.”
The irony in the fact that people like Eamonn and Isma are often forced to choose between many aspects of their identity, and that Isma is often seen to be not quite British enough due to her faith, is that she finds comfort in having common British humor and cultural references. This affirms the idea that Britain is indeed her home and an important part of her identity.
Themes
Islam, Nationality, and Identity. Theme Icon
Eamonn then asks Isma more personal questions about her life. She explains that she grew up in Preston Road, in North London, with two younger siblings, Aneeka and Parvaiz. She never really knew her father, Adil, and was raised by her mother, Zainab, and grandmother before they died seven years earlier. She has recently started a PhD program, fully funded, with her former tutor, Dr. Shah.
Isma’s fuller explanation of her family life hints at why she has become so protective of her family; she has been devoting her life to her younger siblings for the past seven years.
Themes
Familial Love, Protection, and Betrayal Theme Icon
Eamonn then asks if Isma’s turban is “a style thing or a Muslim thing?” She says that some people have asked if it’s a chemo thing. He responds, “Cancer or Islam—which is the greater affliction,” but immediately admits the error of the joke and apologizes. He says he only means that “it must be difficult to be Muslim in the world these days.” Isma replies, “I’d find it more difficult not to be Muslim.” She is surprised that Eamonn doesn’t even remotely identify as Muslim, even for political purposes. They say goodbye, and Eamonn does not shake her hand, simply saying, “Thanks for the company. Perhaps we’ll run into each other again.”
Shamsie explicitly highlights the differences in Isma’s and Eamonn’s identities. Despite the fact that both come from a Pakistani background and that both of their families grew up with Islam, they could not be more different. Isma is a practicing Muslim, whereas Eamonn has been raised without Islam completely. And his assumption—that it is difficult to be Muslim—highlights the discrimination that Isma faces by other British people for her faith.
Themes
Islam, Nationality, and Identity. Theme Icon
Aunty Naseem, a neighbor back in Preston Road with whom Aneeka is living, calls Isma and asks her to check on her sister. Aneeka has been staying at her friend Gita’s place while Gita has been living with her boyfriend. Isma doesn’t like this idea, as “Aneeka had always been someone boys looked at—and someone who looked back.” Isma had always relied on Parvaiz to tell her if Aneeka needed some sense talked into her, but now that relationship is gone.
Again, Isma reveals her protective nature over her sister. She also reveals how Aneeka’s beliefs contrast somewhat with her own. Despite the fact that she is also a practicing Muslim and dresses conservatively, Aneeka is much freer in terms of her sexuality than Isma—countering stereotypes that readers might have.
Themes
Stereotypes vs. Individuality Theme Icon
Isma calls Aneeka, who assures Isma that she’s fine but that it’s easier being on her own. Isma wonders if she’s lying, again remembering that Aneeka and Parvaiz used to tell each other everything—until they discovered what Parvaiz had done when he left them. Aneeka had been shocked, unable to understand how he could keep secrets from her. Isma had an easy answer: he is “his father’s son.”
Even early on, Isma recognizes the motivations behind Parvaiz’s actions in joining ISIS. But even though he is trying to pursue more information about his father, he isn’t joining for the reasons of glory or militancy that his father was—he is just trying to pursue his father’s path in order to form his own identity.
Themes
Isma then mentions that Parvaiz reappeared on Skype, but Aneeka says that if they talk about him they’ll fight. Aneeka says only that Parvaiz messaged her, saying he was okay. Isma is angry that he didn’t give her the same message, but she diffuses the situation by saying that she misses Aneeka. Aneeka asks Isma to stay on the line until she falls asleep, and Isma tells her a story that she used to tell Aneeka as a child, about twins who could talk to animals. Isma stays on the line after Aneeka falls asleep, listening to the sound of her breathing.
Shamsie is sketching a picture of a family with a complicated past, and of how the different dynamics between each of the members create conflict. While Aneeka and Isma clearly care deeply for one another, their disagreements over Parvaiz prompt their secrecy with each other in how they are handling the situation of his leaving, and thus they feel betrayed when they each discover the plan that the other one has pursued.
Themes
Familial Love, Protection, and Betrayal Theme Icon