Fog and Mist
Throughout the novel, fog and mist symbolize impending disaster. At the start of the novel (in the frame story, which shows Arthur Kipps as an older man, retired to the countryside) Arthur is perturbed by…
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Pony Traps
Pony traps, which are small, two-person horse-drawn carriages, symbolize a traversal—physically, emotionally, or psychologically—between the world of the living and the world of the dead. Arthur’s appointed driver in Crythin Gifford, Keckwick, ferries…
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