Refugee

Refugee

by

Alan Gratz

Teachers and parents! Our Teacher Edition on Refugee makes teaching easy.
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Josef: Berlin, Germany – 1938 Quotes

The Nazis laughed, and Josef’s face burned hot with shame. He struggled in the men’s arms, trying to break free. “I’ll be a man soon enough,” Josef told them. “I’ll be a man in six months and eleven days.”

The Nazis laughed again. “Six months and eleven days!” the Brownshirt said. “Not that he’s counting.” The Brownshirt suddenly turned serious. “Perhaps you’re close enough that we should take you to a concentration camp too, like your father.”

Related Characters: Josef Landau (speaker)
Page Number: 4
Explanation and Analysis:
Isabel: Outside Havana, Cuba – 1994 (1) Quotes

Isabel was listening for the clave underneath the music, the mysterious hidden beat inside Cuban music that everybody seemed to hear except her. An irregular rhythm that lay over the top of the regular beat, like a heartbeat beneath the skin. Try as she might, she had never heard it, never felt it. She listened now, intently, trying to hear the heartbeat of Cuba in her own music.

Related Characters: Isabel Fernandez, Lito/Mariano Padron, Geraldo Fernandez
Related Symbols: Isabel’s Trumpet
Page Number: 11
Explanation and Analysis:
Mahmoud: Aleppo, Syria – 2015 (1) Quotes

Mahmoud watched as these two boys attacked the boy with the bread, a boy he didn’t even know. He felt the stirrings of indignation, of anger, of sympathy. His breath came quick and deep, and his hands clenched into fists. “I should do something,” he whispered. But he knew better.

Head down, hoodie up, eyes on the ground. The trick was to be invisible. Blend in. Disappear.

Related Characters: Mahmoud Bishara (speaker), Waleed Bishara
Page Number: 17
Explanation and Analysis:
Josef: Berlin, Germany – 1939, 1 day Quotes

Instead, Herr Meier lowered a screen with the faces and profiles of Jewish men and women on it and proceeded to use Josef as an example of how to tell a real German from a Jew. He turned Josef this way and that, pointing out the curve of his nose, the slant of his chin. Josef felt the heat of that embarrassment all over again, the humiliation of being talked about like he was an animal. A specimen. Something subhuman.

Related Characters: Josef Landau, Herr Meier
Page Number: 20
Explanation and Analysis:
Mahmoud: Aleppo, Syria – 2015 (3) Quotes

Everywhere around them, people fled into the streets, covered in gray dust and blood. No sirens rang. No ambulances came to help the wounded. No police cars or emergency crews hurried to the scene.

There weren’t any left.

Related Characters: Mahmoud Bishara, Fatima Bishara, Youssef Bishara, Hana Bishara, Waleed Bishara
Page Number: 51
Explanation and Analysis:
Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean – 1939, 8 days Quotes

It all came flooding back to him now—swaying and humming along with the prayers, craning his neck to see the Torah when it was taken out of the ark and hoping to get a chance to touch it and then kiss his fingers as the scroll came around in a procession. Josef felt his skin tingle. The Nazis had taken all this from them, from him, and now he and the passengers on the ship were taking it back.

Related Characters: Josef Landau, Aaron Landau, Rachel Landau
Page Number: 74
Explanation and Analysis:
Isabel: Straits of Florida – 1994, 1 day (1) Quotes

Isabel listened as everyone listed more and more things they were looking forward to in the States. Clothes, food, sports, movies, travel, school, opportunity. It all sounded so wonderful, but when it came down to it, all Isabel really wanted was a place where she and her family could be together, and happy.

Related Characters: Isabel Fernandez
Page Number: 84
Explanation and Analysis:
Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean – 1939, 10 days Quotes

Jewish rats,” Schiendick said, sneering at Josef and the other kids. Many of them looked at their shoes, and even Josef looked away, trying not to draw the big man’s attention. Josef clenched his fists, and his ears burned hot with frustration and embarrassment at his helplessness.

Related Characters: Otto Schiendick (speaker), Josef Landau
Related Symbols: Boats
Page Number: 97
Explanation and Analysis:
Isabel: Straits of Florida – 1994, 1 day (2) Quotes

She had never been able to count clave, but she had always assumed it would come to her eventually. That the rhythm of her homeland would one day whisper its secrets to her soul. But would she ever hear it now? Like trading her trumpet, had she swapped the one thing that was really hers—her music—for the chance to keep her family together?

Related Characters: Isabel Fernandez, Lito/Mariano Padron
Related Symbols: Boats, Water, Isabel’s Trumpet
Page Number: 102
Explanation and Analysis:
Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey – 2015, 11 days (1) Quotes

Mahmoud screamed.

He howled louder than a fighter jet, and his parents didn’t even tell him to hush. Lights came on in houses nearby, and curtains ruffled as people looked out at the noise. Mahmoud’s mother broke down in tears, and his father let the life jackets he carried drop to the ground.

The smuggler had just told them their boat wasn’t leaving tonight.

Again.

“No boat today. Tomorrow. Tomorrow,” he’d told Mahmoud’s father.

Related Characters: Mahmoud Bishara, Fatima Bishara, Youssef Bishara, Hana Bishara, Waleed Bishara
Related Symbols: Boats
Page Number: 122
Explanation and Analysis:
Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean – 1939, 14 days Quotes

Suddenly, Josef saw what he had to do. He slapped his father across the face. Hard.

Papa staggered in surprise, and Josef felt just as shocked as his father looked. Josef couldn’t believe what he’d just done. Six months ago, he would never have even dreamed of striking any adult, let alone his father. Papa would have punished him for such disrespect. But in the past six months, Josef and his father had traded places. Papa was the one acting like a child, and Josef was the adult.

Related Characters: Josef Landau, Aaron Landau
Page Number: 133
Explanation and Analysis:
Mahmoud: The Mediterranean – 2015, 11 days (1) Quotes

“Please!” Mahmoud cried. He sobbed with the effort of fighting off the man’s fingers and hanging onto the dinghy. “Please, take us with you!”

“No! No room!”

“At least take my sister!” Mahmoud begged. “She’s a baby. She won’t take up any room!”

Related Characters: Mahmoud Bishara (speaker), Josef Landau, Isabel Fernandez, Fatima Bishara, Hana Bishara
Related Symbols: Boats, Water
Page Number: 162
Explanation and Analysis:
Isabel: Caribbean Sea – 1994, 3 days Quotes

“Thank you! Thank you!” Isabel cried. Her heart ached with gratitude toward these people. Just a moment’s kindness from each of them might mean the difference between death and survival for her mother and everyone else on the little raft.

Related Characters: Isabel Fernandez (speaker), Josef Landau, Mahmoud Bishara, Teresa Fernandez
Page Number: 177
Explanation and Analysis:
Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens – 2015, 12 days (3) Quotes

The vacationers dropped their voices, and even though Mahmoud couldn’t understand what they were saying, he could hear the disgust in their words. This wasn’t what the tourists had paid for. They were supposed to be on holiday, seeing ancient ruins and beautiful Greek beaches, not stepping over filthy, praying refugees.

They only see us when we do something they don’t want us to do, Mahmoud realized.

Related Characters: Mahmoud Bishara
Related Symbols: Boats
Page Number: 213
Explanation and Analysis:
Josef: Havana Harbor – 1939, 21 days Quotes

“I wish from the bottom of my heart that you will land soon, Little Man,” Officer Padron said again. “I’m sorry. I’m just doing my job.”

Josef looked deep into Officer Padron’s eyes, searching for some sign of help, some hint of sympathy. Officer Padron just looked away.

Related Characters: Lito/Mariano Padron (speaker), Josef Landau, Mahmoud Bishara, Aaron Landau
Page Number: 221
Explanation and Analysis:
Josef: Atlantic Ocean – 1939, 22 days Quotes

For as much as he’d wanted to grow up, Josef wished now that he could join them. Be a little kid again, cheerfully oblivious to what was going on around him.

But he wasn’t a kid anymore. He had responsibilities. Like keeping his sister and his mother safe.

Related Characters: Josef Landau, Ruthie Landau/Rosenberg, Rachel Landau, Pozner
Page Number: 253
Explanation and Analysis:
Mahmoud: Hungary – 2015, 16 days Quotes

“We’re not criminals!” one of the other men in the cell yelled at him.

“We didn’t ask for civil war! We didn’t want to leave our homes!” another man yelled.

“We’re refugees!” Mahmoud yelled, unable to stay silent any longer. “We need help!”

Related Characters: Mahmoud Bishara (speaker), Josef Landau, Youssef Bishara
Page Number: 265
Explanation and Analysis:
Isabel: Coast of Florida – 1994, 5 days (3) Quotes

“Don’t you see?” Lito said. “The Jewish people on the ship were seeking asylum, just like us. They needed a place to hide from Hitler. From the Nazis. Mañana, we told them. We’ll let you in mañana. But we never did.” Lito was crying now, distraught. “We sent them back to Europe and Hitler and the Holocaust. Back to their deaths. How many of them died because we turned them away? Because I was just doing my job?”

Related Characters: Lito/Mariano Padron (speaker), Josef Landau, Isabel Fernandez, Mahmoud Bishara, Ruthie Landau/Rosenberg, Aaron Landau, Rachel Landau
Related Symbols: Boats
Page Number: 276
Explanation and Analysis:
Mahmoud: Hungary – 2015, 17 days Quotes

Whether you were visible or invisible, it was all about how other people reacted to you. Good and bad things happened either way. If you were invisible, the bad people couldn’t hurt you, that was true. But the good people couldn’t help you, either.

Related Characters: Mahmoud Bishara, Samih Nasseer
Page Number: 281
Explanation and Analysis:
Isabel: Miami, Florida – 1994, Home Quotes

She was finally counting clave.

Lito was wrong. She didn’t have to be in Havana to hear it. To feel it. She had brought Cuba with her to Miami.

Related Characters: Isabel Fernandez, Lito/Mariano Padron, Guillermo
Related Symbols: Isabel’s Trumpet
Page Number: 308
Explanation and Analysis:
Mahmoud: Berlin Germany – 2015, Home Quotes

I don’t remember much about him, but I do remember he always wanted to be a grown-up. “I don’t have time for games,” he would tell me. “I’m a man now.” And when those soldiers said one of us could go free and the other would be taken to a concentration camp, Josef said, “Take me.”

My brother, just a boy, becoming a man at last.

Related Characters: Ruthie Landau/Rosenberg (speaker), Josef Landau, Mahmoud Bishara, Rachel Landau, Hana Bishara, Saul Rosenberg
Page Number: 315
Explanation and Analysis:

He was filled with sadness for the boy his age. The boy who had died so Ruthie could live. But Mahmoud was also filled with gratitude. Josef had died so Ruthie could live, and one day welcome Mahmoud and his family into her house.

Related Characters: Josef Landau, Mahmoud Bishara, Ruthie Landau/Rosenberg, Lito/Mariano Padron
Page Number: 316
Explanation and Analysis:
No matches.