The Fountainhead

The Fountainhead

by

Ayn Rand

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The Fountainhead: Part 1: Chapter 11 Summary & Analysis

Summary
Analysis
Peter Keating comes to visit Roark at his new office. After congratulating him, Keating says the office is “Not quite as imposing as it should be, perhaps, but what can one expect at the beginning?” Ever since Keating has heard the news about Roark, he has felt pained and humiliated. Keating tells Roark that he can now join the A.G.A., since he is an architect, but Roark says he “won’t join anything […] at any time.” Keating says he will make enemies of the A.G.A. if he refuses their invitation, but Roark says he will make enemies of them anyway.
Since Keating constantly compares himself to others and builds his self-confidence by putting others down, Roark’s success makes him feel humiliated. Meanwhile, Roark refuses to join collectives of any kind, even if that means angering the people who run the associations.
Themes
Individualism Theme Icon
Religion and Morality Theme Icon
The first person Roark told about his new commission was Henry Cameron. Cameron was happy to hear the news even though his manner was gruff and dismissive. Right before Roark left, he told him to bring photographs of his new office the next time he visited. Roark does, and when he sees them, Cameron says that Roark will face something “so vast and so dark,” the source of all the pain on the earth. He does not know what exactly this is but knows that Roark will have to eventually face it. Cameron says that if Roark succeeds in his fight against it, he will vindicate all who have suffered.
Cameron is aware that Roark will face many challenges as he continues to live and work independently, but he isn’t quite able to verbalize what exactly these challenges might be. He does know that Roark’s challenges will come from a vast power that causes a lot of pain. Roark will need to stand up to this power, and, if he succeeds, he will vindicate those who have struggled against it and failed—like Cameron himself. Cameron seems to be alluding to the power held by collectives that enforce tradition and mediocrity.
Themes
Individualism Theme Icon
Integrity vs. Conformity Theme Icon
Quotes
When Roark goes to check on the construction of the house, he finds Mike the electrician working there. Though Mike doesn’t usually work on small projects like houses, he has turned up to work here. He expresses his affection for Roark gruffly, with a tight hand shake.
Mike and Roark share a sense of individualism and a strong work ethic and thus have genuine affection for one another.
Themes
Individualism Theme Icon
Often, Roark can approach the house like a mathematical problem and give precise instructions. But at other times, his hands shake as he touches its frame and walls. The workers notice that Roark loves the house. While they like him, the contractor’s superintendents do not. Most contractors did not want to take the job because it was too challenging, and Roark finally settled on a firm that really needed the work. The foremen predict the house won’t stand, and they seem to be looking forward to it collapsing.
Rand seems to suggest that those who do real work appreciate what they are doing, but those who don’t–like the superintendents—have no investment in the product.
Themes
Integrity vs. Conformity Theme Icon
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Roark has bought an old Ford to visit the construction site often, resisting the temptation to work with his hands and build like he used to. Mike tells him “it’s indecent to be so happy.” While standing on the cliff, Roark observes some young people who are off on a picnic together in their car, laughing and singing songs, and he thinks they had worked for a goal, which was this release. He finds himself to be very different from them.
While other people work in order to enjoy themselves doing other things, Roark’s happiness stems from his work itself. He is completely happy—even “indecent[ly]” s—when he is building like he wants to.
Themes
Integrity vs. Conformity Theme Icon
Austen Heller is a little astonished as he observes his house being constructed. He finds he often can’t tell Roark apart from the house. He believes he has found a friend in Roark, a friendship based on Roark’s “fundamental indifference.” While Heller knows that he isn’t important to Roark, he feels great pleasure when Roark smiles at him or compliments his work, because these are neither “bribe nor alms.”
Heller appreciates Roark’s work and also his complete self-sufficiency. He recognizes that these make Roark very honest.
Themes
Individualism Theme Icon
Integrity vs. Conformity Theme Icon
Roark describes Heller’s house as a house “made by its own needs.” While other buildings are built to impress—built for an audience—the determining motive in Heller’s house “is in the house.” Heller thanks Roark for his consideration while drawing up the plan (he has given Heller’s study the dominant spot, away from the living room and guest rooms), but Roark says he hasn’t thought of Heller at all, and that he has only “thought of the house.”
Roark says he has designed the house “for itself.” His design principles reflect his philosophy of living. Roark lives for himself, considering his own happiness above everything else. Similarly, he has designed the house to fulfill its own purpose.
Themes
Individualism Theme Icon
Integrity vs. Conformity Theme Icon
The house is completed in November 1926. It is ignored by all the publications that celebrate notable new constructions, and is mocked in the club rooms of the A.G.A. by architects like Ralston Holcombe and Guy Francon, who call it a “modernistic stunt” and a “disgrace to the country.” People who drive by the house stop, stare, and giggle at it. Gas station attendants laugh when Heller drives by, and even his cook is mocked when she goes to buy groceries. Keating is pleased when others say that Roark has no talent, and Toohey ignores the house completely.
The house doesn’t conform to people’s traditional expectations, and when confronted with difference—and possible excellence—people indulge their petty desire to immediately mock it. Keating knows Roark is talented but is happy to hear others say he isn’t. And while Toohey usually has a lot to say, he uncharacteristically ignores the Heller house.
Themes
Individualism Theme Icon
Integrity vs. Conformity Theme Icon