Welcome to Our Hillbrow
by Phaswane Mpe

Prejudice and Ignorance Theme Analysis

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Apartheid and Colonialism  Theme Icon
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Prejudice and Ignorance  Theme Icon
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Although Welcome to Our Hillbrow explores the lingering effects of apartheid, the racial divide in South Africa is not the narrative’s main focus. Instead, the novel primarily looks at other forms of prejudice, mainly examining the arbitrary biases that people often form about those whom they see as different from themselves. For example, people who live in a rural village called Tiragalong (where Refentše and Refilwe are from) are very judgmental about anyone who lives in Johannesburg. They see the city as a place filled with corruption and crime. They are also very xenophobic toward Black immigrants who come to South Africa from other African countries—there’s even a South African slur for these people: Makwerekwere. The origins of this slur are rooted in the mocking sounds South Africans make when imitating the languages spoken in other African countries. What’s more, people in both Tiragalong and Johannesburg blame migrants for the AIDS crisis that sweeps through the country, making it quite clear that the South African population during this time period was quick to villainize outsiders.

Welcome to Our Hillbrow investigates these prejudices by showing how thoughtless they are. For example, the people of Tiragalong think that immigrants bring disease into South Africa. However, at the end of the story, Refilwe is diagnosed with HIV and discovers that she might have already had it for almost a decade—long before she ever left Tiragalong. Additionally, Refentše points out to his cousin (who hypocritically cheers for Black African soccer teams but is racist and xenophobic toward Black immigrants) that many people who live in Johannesburg originally migrated from rural villages—like Tiragalong—in the same way that people are immigrating to South Africa. By showing the inherently illogical nature of the prejudices at play in post-apartheid South Africa, then, Welcome to Our Hillbrow suggests that xenophobia and marginalization are often tied to a population’s unwillingness to examine its various prejudices. Failing to challenge such ideas, the novel implies, causes societies to reinforce their own ignorance instead of working through their biases in open-minded, productive ways.

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Prejudice and Ignorance ThemeTracker

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Prejudice and Ignorance Quotes in Welcome to Our Hillbrow

Below you will find the important quotes in Welcome to Our Hillbrow related to the theme of Prejudice and Ignorance .

Chapter 1 Quotes

More specifically, certain newspaper articles attributed the source of the virus that caused AIDS to a species called the Green Monkey, which people in some parts of West Africa were said to eat as meat, thereby contracting the disease. Migrants (who were Tiragalong’s authoritative grapevine on all important issues) deduced from such media reports that AIDS’s travel route into Johannesburg was through Makwerekwere; and Hillbrow was the sanctuary in which Makwerekwere were based.

Page Number and Citation: 17
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage outlines the prejudiced feelings that many people from South Africa held against immigrants coming from other African countries. It is noteworthy that these prejudices come through two different sources: one more formal (the newspaper), and one more informal (the “grapevine” of gossip.” This suggest that both methods are equally powerful, and that no matter the method, telling stories like these can really impact the way people see the world. In fact, this quote shows the life stages of a piece of gossip—it might start from something written in a newspaper, and then it might trickle down through the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferend

Like most Hillbrowans, Cousin took his soccer seriously. You and he had had many disagreements on the subject of support for foreign teams—especially those from elsewhere in Africa. You often accused him of being a hypocrite, because his vocal support for black non-South African teams, whenever they played against European clubs, contrasted so glaringly with his prejudice towards black foreigners the rest of the time. Cousin would always take the opportunity during these arguments to complain about the crime and grime in Hillbrow, for which he held such foreigners responsible; not just for the physical decay of the place but the moral decay.

Related Characters: Refentše , Cousin
Page Number and Citation: 17
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, the narrator talks about a conversation Refentše often had with Cousin when he (Refentše) was still alive. This quote proves that, throughout his life, Refentše had many conversations with Cousin about Cousin’s prejudice towards immigrants from outside South Africa. Cousin’s attitude is noteworthy because it highlights his prejudiced hypocrisy (which Refentše points out)—and asks how a person could root for someone in sports but not in life. This hypocrisy works with the story’s larger idea that so many prejudices are simply illogical and are rooted in a lack of interrogation. Cousin’s attitude is also particularly significant because Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minim

Chapter 2  Quotes

If you were still alive now, Refentše, child of Tiragalong and Hillbrow, you might finally have written the books you had hoped to write; completed your collection of poems called Love Songs, Blues and Interludes, that you wished to dedicate to our Hillbrow. Your one published short story about life in Hillbrow might have paved a smooth way to more such stories. You often used to think about the scarcity of written Hillbrow fictions in English and Sepedi. You asked around, and those who could read the other nine of the eleven official South African languages answered you by saying that even in those languages, written fictions were very scarce.

Related Characters: Refentše
Page Number and Citation: 29
Explanation and Analysis:
In this quote, the narrator talks about something that Refentše could do if he were still alive, suggesting that Refentše would have written a book of poems specifically about Hillbrow if he’d had the time. It’s significant that there are not many books with Hillbrow as a subject, which shows that there must not be a market for stories from the inner city. This speaks to the divide between poorer and richer neighborhoods in the cultural imagination (as well as in reality). It’s also important that the lack of stories about Hillbrow isn’t only in the languages that Refentše can Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beat

As you look back now at your life on Earth, you find it grimly amusing that suicide could be so seductive. You are fascinated by the stories of your home boys and girls, talking about your suicide as if no thought had gone into it.

Related Characters: Refentše
Page Number and Citation: 30
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote takes place after a discussion about Refentše’s literary goals and how he might have written a book if he had not committed suicide. This passage highlights two things: first, the way rumors travel from corner to corner of rural neighborhoods simply because of the force and power of storytelling. This emphasizes the extent to which stories—even in the form of gossip—preoccupy the people in this novel and influence the way they move through the world. This passage also underscores how there is likely a misunderstanding—and some ignorance—around suicide in Tiragalong, since Refentše is surprised that people talk about Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti so

Your mother had never been to Hillbrow, nor any part of Johannesburg. But your mother was not interested in such details. She hated the Hillbrow women with unmatchable venom—a human venom so fatal it would have put the black mamba’s to shame.

Related Characters: Refentše , Refentše’s Mother, Lerato
Page Number and Citation: 39
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage occurs during an explanation of Refentše’s mother’s prejudices, explaining why Refentše could not go to his mother for comfort after Lerato cheated on him. It is significant that Refentše’s mother has never actually been to Hillbrow—or “any part” of the city of Johannesburg—because it is remarkable that she holds such intense feelings of hatred towards people that live in a place she’s never seen. This feels unfair, and it speaks to the book’s insistence that many prejudices don’t make sense if thought all the way through. Refentše’s mother hating “Hillbrow women” specifically speaks to a particularly sexist component Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui

The diseased woman of your story did not resolve to tumble down from the twentieth floor of her building, to escape her misery. She chose a different route to dealing with her life. Her first resolution was to stop going home, to Tiragalong, where the wagging tongues did their best to hasten her death. But then she discovered, like you did, Refentše, that a conscious decision to desert home is a difficult one to sustain. Because home always travels with you, with your consciousness as its vehicle. So her second resolution was to pour all her grief and alienation into the world of storytelling. You had her write a novel about Hillbrow, xenophobia and AIDS and the prejudices of rural lives.

Related Characters: Refentše , Refentše’s Protagonist (The Young Woman) , Refilwe
Page Number and Citation: 55
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, the narrator reminisces with Refentše about the short story that Refentše wrote before he died. The story was very important to Refentše, since it dealt with the issues he saw in his daily life, particularly xenophobia and prejudice. It’s noteworthy that the central character in Refentše’s story does not die by suicide and instead decides to write a book to process her grief, because it suggests that Refentše might also have been able to stay alive if he’d been capable of channeling his emotions into his art. It is also notable that both Refentše and his protagonist Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur

Chapter 3 Quotes

It did not occur to Molori and his uncle to doubt the bone thrower’s insights. His accurate knowledge of their family affairs was too impressive; where else could such knowledge have come from, they reasoned, other than from his reading of the bones? The uncle reminded Molori about the Tiragalong saying: witches have no distinct kin colour through which other people can recognize and identify them. Piet and his mother might put on the act of being good people. But who was to say that that was not the art of witches?

Related Characters: Bone Throwers, Molori, Piet
Page Number and Citation: 77
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage comes as Refentše and Lerato, from heaven, watch the “film” of Piet’s ill-fated life in Alexandra. Molori’s mother fell ill, and he and his uncle called on a local bone thrower to explain why she was sick. This passage reads as ironic, since just a page earlier the narrator explained that this bone thrower made it his business to know all of the people in the area’s family trees. Thus, the bone thrower is actually using his knowledge of Molori’s family (not any mystical power) to accuse Piet and his mother of treachery. Molori’s “reasoning,” then, is supposed Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt.

Chapter 4 Quotes

She had not given up on the idea that one day you would be tired of these Johannesburg women, that your thoughts would then turn back to your home girl. She knew, like all Tiragalong, that there was always a return to the ruins; only to the womb was there no return.

Related Characters: Refilwe
Page Number and Citation: 82
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote comes when Refilwe invited Refentše over for dinner, technically to thank him for writing a reference letter but really to try and make him fall back in love with her. Refilwe, at this time, still held prejudices against people from Johannesburg and felt as though Refentše would be much happier (and better off) with someone from his hometown. It is significant that Refilwe’s thinking is “like all Tiragalong”—later, she will break entirely with the general groupthink of her home village, but here she is still aligned with the way that they see things. Yet this idea that there Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Qu

Chapter 5 Quotes

[…] his story that looked at AIDS and Makwerekwere and the many-sidedness of life and love in our Hillbrow and Tiragalong and everywhere. His scarecrow heroine was a big influence on Refilwe’s thinking. She had read the story many times, and each time it made her weep anew. Partly because of the memories it brought up of Refentše. And partly because it made her see herself and her own prejudices in a different light.

Related Characters: Refilwe, Refentše , Refentše’s Protagonist (The Young Woman)
Page Number and Citation: 96
Explanation and Analysis:
Here, Refilwe reflects on the power of Refentše’s story and on how much she resonated with the young woman who serves as the protagonist of that story. It is significant that reading literature made Refilwe see her own prejudices “in a different light,” since this underscores the novel’s insistence that storytelling can be very powerful (for good or evil). Refilwe recognizes the ways that she has previously been prejudiced, particularly towards people from Hillbrow and towards “Makwerekwere,” and weeping for the fate of the young woman in the story is what brings her to this deep sense of recognition. It Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium

Jackie thought that it would be a good idea to go straight to the administration block and get all the formalities of enrolment over and done with. Papers were produced and signed. No, Refilwe did not have to register with the Oxford police, as many Africans, including South Africans during the Apartheid days, had to do. South Africans, black and white, were very fine people these days, thanks to the release of Rolihlahla Mandela from Robben Island in 1990 and his push for the 1994 democratic elections.

Related Characters: Refilwe, Jackie
Page Number and Citation: 100
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Refilwe has just arrived at Oxford Brookes University with her British friend Jackie. Refilwe notes that, because she is South African, she does not have to register with the local police, even though only a few years earlier she probably would have had to, and even though most other Africans still have to. This idea that anyone arriving from African countries might be of interest to the police is a clear demonstration of the way that British society is prejudiced and racist. There is also a sarcastic irony to the way the passage is written: by saying Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui digni

Refentše knew only too well that Refilwe as going to bear the brunt of their wrath when she went back to Tiragalong. These gods and devils of our Tiragalong would say:

So, you thought the ones in Johannesburg were not bad enough! You had to import a worse example for yourself!

They would say this, because the stranger-with-Refentše’s-face that Refilwe met in our Jude the Obscure was a Nigerian in search of green pastures in our Oxford. He and Refilwe did find some green pastures in each other’s embraces that following Wednesday evening. They had Refentše’s blessing. His only wish was that he owned life, so that he could force those on Earth to give the lovers their blessings too.

Related Characters: Refilwe, Refentše , The Nigerian Man
Page Number and Citation: 112
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage comes when Refilwe returns from Oxford and has been diagnosed with AIDS. Refentše watches her from heaven, thinking about all of the hate she will face once she returns to Tiragalong with the disease. It is significant that she chooses to return even though she’s well aware of the abuse she will face, since this emphasizes how much her hometown means to her. The abuse that the people of Tiragalong come up with is both racist and xenophobic (suggesting that her Nigerian lover is even “worse” than the immigrants she could have found in Johannesburg), yet she is Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perfere

Chapter 6 Quotes

She wanted to be laid to rest in our Tiragalong, even if it meant exiting this world amidst the ignorant talk of people who turned diseases into crimes. She knew, as Lerato had known, that it was difficult for a woman to face her friends, colleagues and the whole community, and say her name, when they all judged her to be just a loose pair of thighs with voracious appetite […]. Now it was her turn to be accused.

Related Characters: Refilwe, Lerato
Page Number and Citation: 116
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Refilwe decides that she wants to return to Tiragalong (and be buried there when she inevitably dies) even though she will have to face the village’s gossip. The townspeople have not changed their thinking, but Refilwe has. This shows the very painful decision she had to make about whether or not to go back and suggests that her desire to see her home once more was stronger than her fear of the rumors that would surely circulate about her. This shows that Refilwe has become a strong character—someone not only able to break from her previous ways Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Volupta

But she also knew in her heart that she was finished already. When she and her Nigerian were told that they had AIDS, they were also given to know that they had both been HIV-positive for a long time. Refilwe, in particular, must have been infected for a decade or so. Except that she had not known that. So when the disease struck, it seemed that it came suddenly, with no warning.

Related Characters: Refilwe, The Nigerian Man
Page Number and Citation: 117
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote explains how Refilwe knows that she will be stigmatized by the people in Tiragalong when she returns, especially because she was with a man from Nigeria and has now been diagnosed with AIDS. However, it is important to note that Refilwe seems to have had HIV before she ever met her lover—before she ever left Tiragalong, in fact. This proves that the feeling that most people in Tiragalong have towards AIDS—that it is a problem only for immigrants and city people—is unwarranted. This furthers the idea that the people of Tiragalong are willfully ignorant about the disease and, Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. No