Giovanni’s Room
by James Baldwin

or to save your progress

Giovanni Character Analysis

Giovanni is a young, attractive Italian man living in Paris, and the first man with whom David has a long-term relationship. When his first child died in the womb, Giovanni cursed God and decided to leave Italy, coming to Paris out of grief. Without money or a worker’s permit, he couldn’t support himself until he met Guillaume, who gave him a job as a server at his bar in exchange for various sexual favors. Giovanni explains this to David on the first night they meet, managing to entice David with his flirtatious charm. At the end of the night, Giovanni convinces David to come back to his small room, where they have sex. From that point on, David lives with Giovanni, leading a happy existence even though Giovanni can tell that David has reservations about their relationship. One night, Giovanni’s life turns upside down when Guillaume fires him and publicly accuses him of stealing from the bar. He does this because Giovanni has stopped responding to his sexual advances, since he’s in what he thinks of as a committed relationship with David. Unbeknownst to Giovanni, though, David is out having sex with a woman on that very night. Returning home, Giovanni tells him that he would be at a loss without him, and though David comforts him in the moment, he refrains from telling Giovanni his plan to leave him when Hella returns to Paris. When Hella arrives, David simply disappears without a word, leaving Giovanni in a state of panic. With no money to support himself, Giovanni is forced to call Jacques, an older gay man who takes him under his wing and eventually has his way with him. Before long, Giovanni leaves Jacques and tries to convince Guillaume to hire him again. To do this, he has sex with Guillaume, but this backfires when Guillaume arrogantly informs him after the fact that he can’t hire him. Enraged, Giovanni strangles Guillaume with the belt of his dressing gown before running off into the night. Within a week, the police find him and he is sentenced to death. On the morning of his execution, David tries to forget Giovanni but knows he never will.

Giovanni Quotes in Giovanni’s Room

The Giovanni’s Room quotes below are all either spoken by Giovanni or refer to Giovanni. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
).

Part 1: Chapter 1 Quotes

And these nights were being acted out under a foreign sky, with no-one to watch, no penalties attached—it was this last fact which was our undoing, for nothing is more unbearable, once one has it, than free­dom. I suppose this was why I asked her to marry me: to give myself something to be moored to. Perhaps this was why, in Spain, she decided that she wanted to marry me. But people can’t, unhappily, invent their mooring posts, their lovers and their friends, anymore than they can invent their parents. Life gives these and also takes them away and the great difficulty is to say Yes to life.

Related Characters: David (speaker), Giovanni, Hella
Page Number and Citation: 11
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, David reflects upon the initial stages of his relationship with Hella. Shortly after he moved away from the United States, he started dating Hella, and he vividly recalls the nights they spent in bed feeling liberated. This, he suggests, has something to do with the fact that their new love (or lust) plays out “under a foreign sky,” as if simply being in another country lends them a sense of unbridled freedom that would be impossible to attain in the United States. And though this might sound like an exciting dynamic, this sense of liberation weighs heavily Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptat

I was ashamed. The very bed, in its sweet dis­order, testified to vileness. I wondered what Joey’s mother would say when she saw the sheets. Then I thought of my father, who had no one in the world but me, my mother having died when I was little. A cavern opened in my mind, black, full of rumor, suggestion, of half-heard, half-forgotten, half-understood stories, full of dirty words. I thought I saw my future in that cavern. I was afraid. I could have cried, cried for shame and terror, cried for not under­ standing how this could have happened to me, how this could have happened in me. And I made my decision.

Related Characters: David (speaker), Giovanni, Joey
Page Number and Citation: 14
Explanation and Analysis:
In this section, David recalls the first sexual experience he ever had with another male as a young man. As he lies in bed after becoming physically intimate with his childhood friend Joey, he is overwhelmed by a sense of shame. This shame becomes particularly strong when he thinks about his father, indicating that he cares strongly about earning the old man’s approval—a relational dynamic that later works its way into his adulthood. He also considers a number of “half-forgotten, half-understood stories,” assumingly referring to tales he’s heard people tell about gay men. Indeed, it seems that David has only Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus

Part 1: Chapter 2 Quotes

As long as I was there the world could see and he could believe that he was out with me, his friend, he was not there out of desperation, he was not at the mercy of whatever adventurer chance, cruelty, or the laws of actual and emotional poverty might throw his way.

Related Characters: David (speaker), Jacques, Guillaume, Giovanni
Page Number and Citation: 32
Explanation and Analysis:
This is a description of the way David sees his relationship with Jacques. Two years after David moves to Paris, he runs out of money and asks Jacques for financial help. This means that he has to go out with Jacques, since there is an unspoken contract between them—according to this contract, Jacques will help David as long as David lets Jacques parade him around as if he’s his date. This, of course, is rather difficult for David, who doesn’t want to risk his image as a heterosexual man, but he agrees to go to dinner and drinks with Jacques Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem

“If that was his sister looking so good. I’d invite her to have a drink with us. I don’t spend money on men.”

I could see Jacques struggling not to say that I didn’t have any objection to allowing men to spend money on me; I watched his brief struggle with a slight smile, for I knew he couldn’t say it; then he said, with that cheery, brave smile of his:

“I was not suggesting that you jeopardize, even for a moment, that’—he paused—‘that immaculate manhood which is your pride and joy. I only suggested that you invite him because he will almost certainly refuse if I invite him.”

Related Characters: Jacques (speaker), David (speaker), Giovanni
Page Number and Citation: 32
Explanation and Analysis:
In this exchange, David tells Jacques that he doesn’t want to invite Giovanni to have a drink with them. Jacques has just asked David to offer Giovanni a drink, which is why David defensively insists that he would only do such a thing if Giovanni were an attractive woman. “I don’t spend money on men,” he says bluntly, overstating the lie that he’s only drawn to women. By saying this, he takes a subtle jab at Jacques himself, who has just given him 10,000 francs. In this moment, David recognizes his own hypocrisy, since he claims not to spend money Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Si

“There’s been no confusion,” I snapped. “Don’t you go get­ting confused, either.”

“I think I can safely say,” said Jacques, “that I have scarcely ever been less confused than I am at this moment.” He had stopped smiling; he gave me a look which was dry, bitter, and impersonal. “And, at the risk of losing forever your so remarkably candid friendship, let me tell you something. Confusion is a luxury which only the very, very young can possibly afford, and you are not that young anymore.”

“I don’t know what you’re talking about,” I said. “Let’s have another drink.”

I felt that I had better get drunk.

Related Characters: David (speaker), Jacques (speaker), Giovanni
Page Number and Citation: 43
Explanation and Analysis:
When David acts on Jacques’s request for David to invite Giovanni to have a drink, Jacques gets pulled away for a moment, leaving the two young men alone. Left to their own devices, they have a stimulating and flirtatious conversation. When Jacques returns, he facetiously wonders aloud if Giovanni has gotten confused, saying that perhaps the server thinks David is the one who’s interested in him. Of course, Jacques knows that this actually is the case, but David vehemently rejects this insinuation. Nevertheless, Jacques goes on, saying that David isn’t young enough anymore to continue wasting his time pretending that Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusan

As for the boys at the bar, they were each invisibly preening, having already calculated how much money he and his copain would need for the next few days, having already appraised Guillaume to within a decimal of that figure, and having already estimated how long Guillaume, as a fountainhead, would last, and also how long they would be able to endure him. […] There was also Jacques, who might turn out to be a bonus, or merely a consolation prize.

Related Characters: David (speaker), Giovanni, Guillaume, Jacques
Page Number and Citation: 54
Explanation and Analysis:
This is a description of the small and dirty restaurant that David and Giovanni go to for breakfast with Jacques and Guillaume after having spent the night drinking at Guillaume’s bar. Right away, Guillaume notices a group of young men sitting at one end of the bar in this restaurant, and David realizes that his own mutually-exploitative relationship with Jacques isn’t the only one of its kind. In fact, even these young men instantly recognize that they will be able to financially benefit from establishing a relationship of sorts with Guillaume for as long as they can “endure him.” Conversely, Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consecte

“I mean you could have been fair to me by despising me a little less.”

“I’m sorry. But I think, since you bring it up, that a lot of your life is despicable.”

“I could say the same about yours,” said Jacques. “There are so many ways of being despicable it quite makes one’s head spin. But the way to be really despicable is to be con­temptuous of other people’s pain.”

Related Characters: David (speaker), Jacques (speaker), Giovanni
Page Number and Citation: 56
Explanation and Analysis:
This conversation takes place between David and Jacques. They are standing at the bar in a restaurant Giovanni took them to after a night of drinking. Having recognized David’s attraction to Giovanni, Jacques urges him to treat the young man with more kindness than he has treated Jacques with in their relationship. In response, David claims that he hasn’t mistreated Jacques, but Jacques points out that David never even tried to hide his dislike of him. When he says this, he reveals that he’s perfectly aware David judges him for using money to attract and exploit young men. Rather than Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum

“Love him,” said Jacques, with vehemence, “love him and let him love you. Do you think anything else under heaven really matters? And how long, at the best, can it last, since you are both men and still have everywhere to go? Only five minutes, I assure you, only five minutes, and most of that, helas! in the dark. And if you think of them as dirty, then they will be dirty—they will be dirty because you will be giving nothing, you will be despising your flesh and his. But you can make your time together anything but dirty, you can give each other something which will make both of you better—forever—if you will not be ashamed, if you will only not play it safe.” He paused, watching me, and then looked down to his cognac. “You play it safe long enough,” he said, in a different tone, “and you’ll end up trapped in your own dirty body, forever and forever and forever—like me.”

Related Characters: Jacques (speaker), David, Giovanni
Page Number and Citation: 58
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Jacques urges David to embrace his romantic feelings for Giovanni. Having recognized that David is attracted to Giovanni, he tries to convince his young friend to listen to his heart. However, David is unwilling to acknowledge his attraction to men, so he deflects Jacques’s comments by asking why he has sex with men, saying that Jacques is constantly hell-bent on securing five minutes of “dirty” happiness in the dark. In response, Jacques tries to show him that even five minutes of genuine love is worth everything in the world. More importantly, he says that something is only Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labo

I saw myself, sharply, as a wanderer, an adventurer, rocking through the world, unanchored. I looked at Giovanni’s face, which did not help me. He belonged to this strange city, which did not belong to me. I began to see that, while what was happening to me was not so strange as it would have comforted me to believe, yet it was strange beyond belief. It was not really so strange, so unprecedented, though voices deep within me boomed, For shame! For shame! that I should be so abruptly, so hid­eously entangled with a boy; what was strange was that this was but one tiny aspect of the dreadful human tangle, occurring everywhere, without end, forever.

Related Characters: David (speaker), Giovanni, Hella
Page Number and Citation: 62
Explanation and Analysis:
Just before David has sex with Giovanni for the first time, he looks at his face and feels lost. It’s interesting that he sees himself as a wayward vagrant, or somebody who is “unanchored” in the world. This aligns with his original belief that marrying Hella will make him feel “moored” to something tangible and acceptable. Because he doesn’t think two men can exist in society as a legitimate couple, he feels completely at a loss when he stares into Giovanni’s eyes and feels desire overtake him. And though he’d like to tell himself that this strong feeling of affection Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inve

Part 2: Chapter 1 Quotes

The beast which Giovanni had awakened in me would never go to sleep again; but one day I would not be with Giovanni any more. And would I then, like all the others, find myself turning and following all kinds of boys down God knows what dark avenues, into what dark places?

With this fearful intimation there opened in me a hatred for Giovanni which was as powerful as my love and which was nourished by the same roots.

Related Characters: David (speaker), Giovanni
Page Number and Citation: 81
Explanation and Analysis:
David has these thoughts after he catches himself looking longingly at an attractive man who passes him and Giovanni on the street. Giovanni notices David’s gaze and immediately starts laughing, but David sees this moment as discomfortingly transformative, since he suddenly realizes the extent to which he has inadvertently embraced his attraction to men. Before dating Giovanni, he was relatively successful at hiding his sexual orientation from the outside world. Now, though, he feels as if Giovanni has stirred something inside of him that he’ll never again be able to hide. More importantly, he resents Giovanni for awakening the “beast” Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Comm

Part 2: Chapter 2 Quotes

When Giovanni wanted me to know that he was dis­pleased with me, he said I was a “vrai americain”; conversely, when delighted, he said that I was not an American at all; and on both occasions he was striking, deep in me, a nerve which did not throb in him. And I resented this: resented being called an American (and resented resenting it) because it seemed to make me nothing more than that, whatever that was; and I resented being called not an American because it seemed to make me nothing.

Related Characters: David (speaker), Giovanni
Page Number and Citation: 85
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, David considers the relationship he has with his own national identity. Having left the United States, he doesn’t particularly identify with the country, at least insofar as it factors into the way he wants to present himself to the world. After all, he came to France to attain certain freedoms he thought he couldn’t enjoy in the United States, such as the freedom to have a relationship with a man, though he would never admit that this was one of his actual reasons for leaving. In this regard, it makes sense that he wouldn’t enjoy being called Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint

I cannot say that I was frightened. Or, it would be better to say that I did not feel any fear—the way men who are shot do not, I am told, feel any pain for awhile. I felt a certain relief. It seemed that the necessity for decision had been taken from my hands. I told myself that we both had always known, Giovanni and myself, that our idyll could not last forever And it was not as though I had not been honest with him—he knew all about Hella. He knew that she would be returning to Paris one day. Now she would be coming back and my life with Giovanni would be fin­ished.

Related Characters: David (speaker), Giovanni, Hella
Page Number and Citation: 90
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage appears shortly after David receives a letter from Hella informing him that she’ll soon be coming back to Paris from Spain. Although this should make him unhappy because it means the end of his relationship with Giovanni, the news actually gives him a sense of “relief.” This is because Hella’s return will finally force his love life to a point of resolution, even if that resolution is undesirable. During Hella’s absence, he and Giovanni have existed in something of a gray area, in which David is happy but at odds with himself because he can’t bring himself to Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possi

Again, some­where at the bottom of me, I realized that my fears had been excessive and groundless and, in effect, a lie: it became clearer every instant that what I had been afraid of had nothing to do with my body. Sue was not Hella and she did not lessen my terror of what would happen when Hella came: she increased it, she made it more real than it had been before.

Related Characters: David (speaker), Sue, Giovanni, Hella
Page Number and Citation: 96
Explanation and Analysis:
After Hella tells David in a letter that she’ll soon be returning to Paris, he decides he must have sex with a woman to prepare for her imminent arrival. This, he believes, will help him combat his fear about reentering a heterosexual relationship. With this in mind, he has drinks with an acquaintance named Sue and eventually ends up having sex with her at her apartment. This passage appears while he and Sue are having sex, as David gradually realizes that he was foolish to think that having intimate relations with a woman would do anything to change his attitude Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui

Yet it was true, I recalled, turning away from the river down the long street home, I wanted children. I wanted to be inside again, with the light and safety, with my manhood unquestioned, watching my woman put my children to bed. I wanted the same bed at night and the same arms and I wanted to rise in the morning, knowing where I was. I wanted a woman to be for me a steady ground, like the earth itself, where I could always be renewed.

Related Characters: David (speaker), Giovanni, Sue, Hella
Page Number and Citation: 100
Explanation and Analysis:
When Hella tells David that she’ll be returning to Paris, David has meaningless sex with his acquaintance Sue. This leaves him feeling even worse than before, since it only emphasizes the extent to which he doesn’t want to be with a woman. However, he feels differently on the walk home from Sue’s apartment, thinking that he truly does want to settle down with a woman and have a family. As he looks out over the city, he sees the lights in each apartment and wonders about the families who live in these buildings. Feeling lonely, he reminds himself that he Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae

“You want to be clean. You think you came here covered with soap and you think you will go out covered with soap—and you do not want to stink, not even for five minutes, in the meantime. […] You want to leave Giovanni because he makes you stink. You want to despise Giovanni because he is not afraid of the stink of love. You want to kill him in the name of all your lying little mor­alities. And you—you are immoral.”

Related Characters: Giovanni (speaker), Hella, David, Jacques
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 133
Explanation and Analysis:
Giovanni says this to David after David leaves him without warning for three days. By the time he returns, Giovanni has learned that David has chosen Hella over him, and when David tries to defend this decision, Giovanni accuses him of being a coward. Understanding that David doesn’t truly love Hella, Giovanni knows that the only reason David is leaving him is because he isn’t courageous enough to accept his own sexual orientation. Rather than coming to terms with his sexual preferences, Giovanni claims, David tricks himself into thinking that he’s “clean” and pure. For this reason, he fears committing Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur

Part 2: Chapter 4 Quotes

“I wasn’t sure about that letter.” I was thinking, Perhaps I can get out of it without having to tell her anything. “You were sort of—offhand—I couldn’t be sure whether you were glad or sorry to be throwing in with me.”

“Oh,” she said, “but we’ve always been offhand, it’s the only way I could have said it. I was afraid of embarrassing you—don’t you understand that?”

Related Characters: David (speaker), Hella (speaker), Giovanni
Page Number and Citation: 117
Explanation and Analysis:
This conversation takes place between David and Hella shortly after Hella comes back to Paris. As they discuss their relationship, he asks whether or not she came to any conclusions about what she wants while she was traveling in Spain. In response, she asks if he read the letter she sent him, which made it rather clear that she wanted to come back to Paris, resume their relationship, and get married. The reader knows that David did read this letter, and that it caused him a great deal of anxiety. The fact that he pretends to not have understood its Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui

“You may laugh,” she said, humorously, “but there is something in what I say. I began to realize it in Spain— that I wasn’t free, that I couldn’t be free until I was attached—no, committed—to someone.”

[…]

“What do you want, Hella? What have you got now that makes such a difference?”

She laughed. “It isn’t what I’ve got. It isn’t even what I want. It’s that you’ve got me. So now I can be—your obedient and most loving servant.”

Related Characters: Hella (speaker), David (speaker), Giovanni
Page Number and Citation: 120
Explanation and Analysis:
In this conversation between Hella and David, Hella talks about the realization she had in Spain that women aren’t seen as complete individuals. Explaining what she means, she says that women aren’t “free” until they commit themselves to a man. This is because they exist in a patriarchal society that effectively views marrying a man and have children as a woman’s sole purpose. Without anything else to define them as independent people, then, women attach themselves to men, which is exactly what Hella is doing by marrying David. Now that she has decided to become David’s wife, she explains, she Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis

Part 2: Chapter 5 Quotes

“But I knew,” she said, “I knew. This is what makes me so ashamed. I knew it every time you looked at me. I knew it every time we went to bed. If only you had told me the truth then. Don’t you see how unjust it was to wait for me to find it out? To put all the burden on me? I had the right to expect to hear from you—women are always waiting for the man to speak. Or hadn’t you heard?”

Related Characters: Hella (speaker), Giovanni, David
Page Number and Citation: 154
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Hella tells David that she always suspected that he was attracted to men. She says this shortly after finding out that he’s been cheating on her with a sailor in Nice for the past three days. Packing her things, she openly regrets all the time she wasted by dating David. More importantly, she tries to get him to see how unfair it was for him to keep such a secret from her. Throughout the novel, David struggles with his emotions in an extremely internal way, rarely talking about them with anybody. This, however, doesn’t mean that his Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore i

The body in the mirror forces me to turn and face it. And I look at my body, which is under sentence of death. It is lean, hard, and cold, the incarnation of a mystery. And I do not know what moves in this body, what this body is searching. It is trapped in my mirror as it is trapped in time and it hurries toward revelation.

Related Characters: David (speaker), Giovanni
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 158
Explanation and Analysis:
In the concluding pages of Giovanni’s Room, David envisions Giovanni’s execution while getting dressed. As he does this, he catches a glimpse of himself in the mirror and eventually wills himself to face the image of his naked body. When he looks at himself, he has the sudden sense that his body is—like Giovanni’s—sentenced to death, an idea that indicates just how doomed he feels by the choices he’s made throughout the novel. Staring at himself, he thinks that there is something mysterious that exists inside his body, an idea that aligns with his inability to honestly assess his true Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. No
Get the entire Giovanni’s Room LitChart as a printable PDF.
"My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." -Graham S.
Giovanni’s Room PDF

Giovanni Character Timeline in Giovanni’s Room

The timeline below shows where the character Giovanni appears in Giovanni’s Room. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Part 1: Chapter 1
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Travel, Identity, and Emotional Escape Theme Icon
...marry David, but by the time she came back to Paris he was already with Giovanni, effectively dooming their relationship. However, she didn’t know this at the time, and David didn’t... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
...be trusted with another person’s love. After all, if it weren’t for him, he thinks, Giovanni wouldn’t be facing execution that very night while David himself drinks and stares into the... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Gender and Societal Expectations Theme Icon
...told in his life. One stands out in particular, which is that he insisted to Giovanni that he had never had sex with another man before. This, David now admits, isn’t... (full context)
Part 1: Chapter 2
Travel, Identity, and Emotional Escape Theme Icon
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
After two years in Paris, David meets Giovanni in a bar frequented by people to whom Parisians refer as “of le milieu.” At... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
...through to the closeted American. In retrospect, David thinks that Jacques is partly responsible for Giovanni’s eventual death, though no more responsible than David is himself. (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Gender and Societal Expectations Theme Icon
...though, he and Jacques see that Guillaume has hired a strikingly attractive young Italian man, Giovanni, as a server. This  is the first time David sets eyes on Giovanni, and though... (full context)
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
David knows that the only way Jacques will be successful in wooing Giovanni is if Giovanni needs money. In fact, even Jacques understands this—after all, this is the... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Gender and Societal Expectations Theme Icon
Giovanni comes to take Jacques and David’s orders. They’re both stunned by his beauty, but Giovanni... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Gender and Societal Expectations Theme Icon
When Giovanni returns to David and Jacques’s table, David invites him to have a drink with them.... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Travel, Identity, and Emotional Escape Theme Icon
Giovanni asks David where he’s from, and the two men discuss the differences between New York... (full context)
Travel, Identity, and Emotional Escape Theme Icon
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
David doesn’t like being so closely associated with American ways of seeing the world, but Giovanni is only being playful. After a moment, Giovanni asks if Jacques is David’s uncle, and... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
As David talks to Giovanni, he’s unnerved by how much he’s enjoying himself. However, he becomes acutely aware that everyone... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Gender and Societal Expectations Theme Icon
While Giovanni is gone, David is terrified to see a trans woman slowly approaching him, though he... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
...own again, Jacques leans toward him and says that everyone is talking about him and Giovanni. With a coy smile, he asks if Giovanni has grown confused about which one of... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Gender and Societal Expectations Theme Icon
Giovanni briefly circles back to David and Jacques, at which point Jacques drops overwhelmingly obvious hints... (full context)
Part 1: Chapter 3
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
...door of his bar, it is 5:00 in the morning. Together, he, Jacques, David, and Giovanni decide to get breakfast, taking a taxi to another part of Paris. On the way,... (full context)
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
Inside the dirty restaurant, Giovanni warmly greets the hostess, who ushers the men inside. Before making their way to the... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
In a serious tone, Jacques asks if David is going to treat Giovanni the same way he has treated him, adding that David has been quite insensitive. David... (full context)
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
...of the young men at the bar. Since both he and Guillaume are preoccupied, then, Giovanni and David slip into the dining room and order a bottle of white wine with... (full context)
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
Giovanni tells David that he had no money when he first came to Paris, which is... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Gender and Societal Expectations Theme Icon
Upon leaving Guillaume and Jacques at the restaurant, Giovanni insists that David  should come back to his room, which is a small lodging on... (full context)
Gender and Societal Expectations Theme Icon
David’s memories of his time with Giovanni are suddenly interrupted by the old woman who has rented her house to him in... (full context)
Part 2: Chapter 1
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
After their first night together, David moves into Giovanni’s room. It’s nearly springtime in Paris, and they develop a routine wherein David meets Giovanni... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Roughly a month after they’ve been living together, David tells Giovanni about Hella, explaining that her letters give him the impression that she might soon return... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Giovanni is also surprised by David’s assertion that making love without true emotion can make a... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Travel, Identity, and Emotional Escape Theme Icon
Emphasizing how terrible it would be if Hella found out about their relationship, David tells Giovanni that it would emotionally devastate her. He also points out that homosexuality is a crime... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
...and his father without actually telling them much of anything. Privately, he feels as if Giovanni has made it impossible for him to ignore his attraction to men. One day, for... (full context)
Part 2: Chapter 2
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Gender and Societal Expectations Theme Icon
Travel, Identity, and Emotional Escape Theme Icon
Giovanni’s room is so messy and squalid that in the first stages of their relationship, David... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
...long time. This, he feels, marks the beginning of the end of his relationship with Giovanni. (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
...the Parisian neighborhood of Montparnasse, feeling oddly liberated by the fact that his relationship with Giovanni will soon come to an end. However, as he continues to walk, he imagines the... (full context)
Part 2: Chapter 3
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Gender and Societal Expectations Theme Icon
As David walks toward Giovanni’s room along the Seine, he thinks about all the bustling lives playing out at that... (full context)
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
When David comes home that night, Giovanni isn’t at work. Instead, he’s very drunk and distraught. Explaining what happened, he tells David... (full context)
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
In his argument with Giovanni, Guillaume suggests that the young man has manipulated him by leading him on. To counter... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Giovanni tells David that he punched Guillaume, at which point a crowd of people pulled him... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
In the rented house in southern France, David continues to drink and think about Giovanni, knowing that the executioners will soon be coming for his poor lover. As he contemplates... (full context)
Travel, Identity, and Emotional Escape Theme Icon
After Giovanni loses his job, he spends his time trying to improve his room by installing bookshelves,... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Returning to their room after discussing the possibility of leaving Paris, Giovanni asks David if he’s heard from Hella recently. In response, David says that although he... (full context)
Part 2: Chapter 4
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Gender and Societal Expectations Theme Icon
David doesn’t tell Giovanni when he leaves the apartment to meet Hella at the train station. When he hugs... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Gender and Societal Expectations Theme Icon
...he’ll be able to avoid resuming their relationship without even having to tell her about Giovanni. However, Hella now makes it clear once and for all that she wants to be... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Gender and Societal Expectations Theme Icon
...been three days since Hella arrived in Paris, and David has yet to return to Giovanni’s room. He has been busy wandering the city with Hella, having long conversations about her... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
...says, and when David asks who he means when he says “we,” Jacques says that Giovanni called him because he was left with no money. Jacques then explains that he went... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
Calmly, David smiles and ignores Giovanni’s many questions, simply turning to introduce him to Hella, whom he calls his fiancée. Giovanni... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
...home and then return for a drink, but when he asks where he should meet Giovanni and Jacques, Giovanni bitterly tells him that they shouldn’t be hard to find. With this,... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
That night, David stays home with Hella. Lying in bed, she asks more questions about Giovanni, wanting to know why David chose to live with him. Trying to sound casual, David... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Travel, Identity, and Emotional Escape Theme Icon
...so he tells her that he wants to get away because he’ll inevitably keep encountering Giovanni in Paris. As soon as he says this, he stops, not knowing how to proceed... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Travel, Identity, and Emotional Escape Theme Icon
Late the next night, David goes to Giovanni’s room. Giovanni is asleep, but he jumps up when the door opens. Seeing that it’s... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Travel, Identity, and Emotional Escape Theme Icon
Giovanni tells David that his wife gave birth to a baby who died in the womb.... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Gender and Societal Expectations Theme Icon
Taken aback by Giovanni’s story, David stands and turns to leave. The room feels claustrophobic and in constant motion,... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
At a loss, David says that he’s a man, reminding Giovanni that nothing can happen between them because of this simple fact. Unperturbed, Giovanni says that... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Travel, Identity, and Emotional Escape Theme Icon
David stays with Giovanni until the early morning. When he’s about to leave, he looks at Giovanni and knows... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
In the days before David and Hella leave Paris, David sometimes bumps into Giovanni and Jacques. During these encounters, he notices a change in Giovanni, who’s always dressed in... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
Soon enough, David starts seeing Giovanni around Paris without Jacques. No longer dressed in nice clothes, he spends time with a... (full context)
Part 2: Chapter 5
Travel, Identity, and Emotional Escape Theme Icon
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
...throughout Paris. The newspapers run long pieces about the details of the incident, speculating about Giovanni and his background. Meanwhile, Giovanni has gone into hiding, since all the evidence so clearly... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
...by David’s anger toward the press, Hella asks why he’s so surprised to discover that Giovanni is a murder. After all, he lived with him, Hella points out, meaning that he... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Giovanni remains hidden for a week. During this time, David often looks out the window and... (full context)
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
David imagines the night of Guillaume’s murder, knowing that Giovanni must not have intended to kill him. Envisioning the entire scene, he sees Giovanni preparing... (full context)
Money, Sex, and Exploitation Theme Icon
Guillaume touches Giovanni and has his way with him, instructing him to take off his clothes. For a... (full context)
Travel, Identity, and Emotional Escape Theme Icon
...with Hella, but he goes through the motions anyway. Jacques sends him frequent updates about Giovanni’s case, sending word about what his lawyer has said, though it’s clear that nothing can... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Although David knows there’s nothing he can do for Giovanni, he hopes that Hella will be able to help him lead a happy life. When... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Travel, Identity, and Emotional Escape Theme Icon
...moment, Hella just stares at him, so he continues, saying that he feels responsible for Giovanni’s decline. He then tells Hella that Giovanni wanted him to continue living with him, and... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
One night shortly after talking to Hella about Giovanni’s love for him, David goes to Nice and gets profoundly drunk. After walking the streets... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
...the table sits an envelope with a letter from Jacques—the letter that informed David that Giovanni will be executed this morning for Guillaume’s murder. As David undresses to change into the... (full context)
Sexual Orientation and Denial Theme Icon
Envisioning Giovanni walking toward the room in which he will be executed, David turns and faces his... (full context)