Lady Audley’s Secret
Lady Audley’s Secret
by Mary Elizabeth Braddon
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Themes and Colors
Women and Power in Victorian England Theme Icon
Appearances and Deception Theme Icon
Poverty and Wealth Theme Icon
Madness Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Lady Audley’s Secret, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Appearances and Deception Theme Icon
Appearances and Deception Theme Icon

The fact that Lady Audley uses her distinctly feminine appearance to fool the community surrounding Audley Court is one of many elements of deception in Lady Audley’s Secret. Braddon uses such rampant deception to emphasize the foolishness of trusting in appearances alone. In highlighting how drastically most characters misjudge Lady Audley, the novel suggests the specific danger of underestimating one’s capacity for treachery based on beauty.

The most obvious deception in the novel is the fact that Lady Audley is actually Helen Talboys—the supposedly dead wife of George Talboys. When George initially leaves Helen for Australia, a desperate Helen assumes a new identity in the hopes of creating a new life. Upon learning that George will be returning home, she finds a near-death young woman who resembles her, Matilda Plowson, and presents this woman as herself; upon Matilda’s death, Helen is able to shed her old identity and become the unattached Lucy Graham. This initial deception leads to many others, from the minor (tricking Sir Michael into leaving Audley Court when George, who would recognize Lady Audley, visits), to the extreme (attempting to kill George and then covering up the alleged murder). These ruses work specifically because those around Lady Audley readily accept her stories at face value. They are quick to believe that Helen’s body double is Helen herself, fail to raise questions about Lucy Graham’s background until the end of the book (at which point there is more than enough evidence to prove that she is not who she says she is), and, above all, conflate Lady Audley’s childlike beauty with goodness, morality, and innocence.

Indeed, nearly every character in the novel remarks on Lady Audley’s beauty, and her rosy cheeks, blue eyes, and bouncy golden curls are said to give her a childlike appearance. The narrative also describes her mannerisms as echoing those of a little girl. When Lady Audley refuses to host Robert and George Talboys at Audley Court, for example, her stepdaughter, Alicia Audley, accuses her stepmother of being immature and spoiled. Ironically, Alicia’s assumption that Lady Audley is immature blinds her to a more sinister truth: Lady Audley doesn’t want George to visit because he is her first husband, and him seeing her would expose her bigamy. In this, Alicia is not alone. Multiple characters assume Lady Audley’s appearance must reflect an innocent and pleasant nature. Even the well-respected, well-educated Sir Michael defends his wife against his nephew Robert’s accusations of murder, because he cannot believe that such a physically lovely person could commit such a morally ugly act. Only when Robert—who at first is infatuated with his young aunt—investigates beyond superficial pretenses does he discover the truth. Upon acquiring a trunk that belonged to Lady Audley when she was a governess, he removes the label bearing the name “Lucy Graham” to find another reading “Helen Talboys”—literally peeling back the surface to reveal Lady Audley’s trickery.

Through Lady Audley’s seemingly innocent appearance, Braddon shows that one cannot trust what they see at first glance. Beauty, in fact, proves the perfect vessel to disguise ugly secrets, and only those who question the evidence of their eyes will find the truth.

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Appearances and Deception Quotes in Lady Audley’s Secret

Below you will find the important quotes in Lady Audley’s Secret related to the theme of Appearances and Deception.

Volume 1, Chapter 1 Quotes

To the right there were the kitchen gardens, the fish-pond, and an orchard bordered by a dry moat, and a broken ruin of a wall, in some places thicker than it was high, and everywhere overgrown with trailing ivy…to the left there was a broad graveled walk…and shadowed on one side by goodly oaks, which shut out the flat landscape, and circled in the house and gardens with a darkening shelter.

Related Symbols: Audley Court
Page Number and Citation: 8
Explanation and Analysis:
This description of Audley Court appears on the first page of the first chapter of the novel. The portrayal of this upper-class mansion sets the scene for most of the major events of the novel, and also creates a mood of mystery. Braddon’s description of the “broken ruin of a wall” and the overgrown shrubbery reflect the moral decay present within the house, as the conniving Lady Audley now lives within. Audley Court also represents the upper class, which is grand and historic, but the “dry moat” and broken wall suggest the vulnerability of the upper class as lower-class social Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut

“You know that nobody asks you to marry Sir Michael unless you wish. Of course it would be a magnificent match; he has a splendid income, and is one of the most generous of men. Your position would be very high, and you would be enabled to do a great deal of good; but, as I said before, you must be entirely guided by your own feelings.”

Related Characters: Mrs. Dawson (speaker), Lady Audley / Lucy Graham / Helen Maldon Talboys , Sir Michael Audley
Page Number and Citation: 13
Explanation and Analysis:
Mrs. Dawson advises her employee, Lucy Graham, after Sir Michael begins courting the young governess. By first describing what a “magnificent match” Sir Michael would be due to his wealth in comparison to Lucy’s poverty, and then telling Lucy to disregard all those advantages, Mrs. Dawson reveals the contradictions of being a marriageable woman in Victorian England. During the Victorian era, women could and were often encouraged to make marriages that advanced their social and financial statuses, but they were not supposed to appear at all greedy or ambitious, so they must at least appear to marry for love and Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae vo

Volume 1, Chapter 7 Quotes

Lucy was better loved and more admired than the baronet’s daughter [Alicia]. That very childness had a charm which few could resist. The innocence and candour of an infant beamed in Lady Audley’s fair face, and shone out of her large and liquid blue eyes. The rosy lips, the delicate nose, the profusion of fair ringlets, all contributed to preserve to her beauty the character of extreme youth and freshness.

Related Characters: Alicia Audley, Lady Audley / Lucy Graham / Helen Maldon Talboys
Related Symbols: Lady Audley’s Golden Curls
Page Number and Citation: 50
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote establishes the tension between Lady Audley and her stepdaughter Alicia, and details Lady Audley’s elevated position in the neighborhood. This quote also subtly describes an upheaval in the class structure, as the community admires the low-born woman, Lady Audley, over the high-born woman, Alicia. Lady Audley’s traits, specifically her fair complexion, blonde hair, blue eyes, and rosy lips, fit the ideal standard for a Victorian woman. The description of Lady Audley shows how in this society, one’s appearance was often connected to their personality, since the community believes Lady Audley’s childlike looks mean she possesses a youthful, innocent Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaeca

We hear every day of murders committed in the country. Brutal and treacherous murders; slow, protracted agonies from poisons administered by some kindred hand; sudden and violent deaths by cruel blows, inflicted with a stake cut from some spreading oak, whose very shadow promised—peace…No crime has ever been committed in the worst rookeries about Seven Dials that has not been also done in the face of that sweet rustic calm which still, in spite of all, we look on with a tender, half-morning yearning, and associate with—peace.

Page Number and Citation: 51
Explanation and Analysis:
The narrator reminds the reader of the deceptive danger of the countryside just as Robert and George are enjoying the rustic setting near Audley Court. This insertion of first-person narration reflects Braddon’s style, where she often adds personal observations in order to give the reader more context or further explain a setting or character. The description of murder in the countryside adds to the mysterious and gothic tone of the piece. Violence happening in peaceful situations also contributes to the theme of deceptive appearances. Like Lady Audley, the beautiful, innocent appearance of the countryside can hide the violent nature underneath. Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam

“Do you know, Phoebe, I have heard some people say you and I are alike?”

“I have heard them say so too, my lady…but they must be very stupid to say it, for your ladyship is a beauty, and I’m a poor plain creature.”

“Not at all, Phoebe…you are like me…it is only colour that you want. My hair is pale yellow shot with gold, yours is drab…Why, with a bottle of hair dye, such as we see advertised in the papers, and a pot of rouge, you’d be as good-looking as I any day, Phoebe.”

Related Characters: Lady Audley / Lucy Graham / Helen Maldon Talboys , Phoebe Marks
Related Symbols: Lady Audley’s Golden Curls
Page Number and Citation: 54-55
Explanation and Analysis:
Lady Audley discusses similarities in the appearances of her and Phoebe, her maidservant and confidant. The similarities between them expose the superficiality of class, as the only differences between the lady and the servant could be easily overcome with the material goods of hair dye and rouge. This quote is also indicative of Braddon’s use of irony, as Lady Audley doesn’t yet know that she and Phoebe are similar in personality as well as appearance, as Phoebe will later reveal herself to be a schemer, just like Lady Audley, while the reader does know of Phoebe’s plans to blackmail Lady Dolorem

Volume 1, Chapter 8 Quotes

No one but a pre-Raphaelite would have painted, hair by hair, those feathery masses of ringlets with every glimmer of gold, and every shadow of pale brown. No one but a pre-Raphaelite would have so exaggerated every attribute of that delicate face as to give a lurid lightness to the blonde complexion and a stranger, sinister light to the deep blue eyes. No one but a pre-Raphaelite could have given to that pretty pouting mouth the hard and almost wicked look it had in the portrait.

Related Characters: Lady Audley / Lucy Graham / Helen Maldon Talboys
Related Symbols: Lady Audley’s Golden Curls
Page Number and Citation: 65
Explanation and Analysis:
While Lady Audley and Sir Michael are away, Alicia sneaks Robert and George into Lady Audley’s chambers so they can view the lady’s portrait. This scene is a pivotal point in the plot, because when George looks upon the portrait he realizes that Lady Audley is his supposedly dead wife, Helen Talboys. Notably, the artist interprets the very aspects that everyone else seems to adore about Lady Audley—her blue eyes, her blonde hair, her “pretty pouting mouth”—as “lurid” and sinister. The artist can see through the falsehood of Lady Audley’s appearance to her wicked personality underneath, just as another artist Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Q

Volume 1, Chapter 15 Quotes

“Lady Audley,” answered the young man gravely. “I have never practiced as a barrister…I have shrunk from those responsibilities and duties, as I have from all the fatigues of this troublesome life: but we are sometimes forced in the very position we have most avoided, and I have found myself lately compelled to think of these things. Lady Audley, did you ever study the theory of circumstantial evidence?”

Related Characters: Robert Audley (speaker), Lady Audley / Lucy Graham / Helen Maldon Talboys
Page Number and Citation: 106-107
Explanation and Analysis:
Robert says this to Lady Audley as he lounges inside Audley Court with her during the hunting season. He suspects from the evidence he’s gathered that something horrible has happened to George, but he hasn’t yet begun to implicate Lady Audley in George’s fate. This quote shows his development as a character. Where before he didn’t care at all about his career as a barrister (a lawyer, essentially), he now feels compelled to investigate and resolve George’s case. At the beginning of the novel, he used his upper-class privileges to avoid all responsibilities and troubles, but now he has taken Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae volupta

Volume 2, Chapter 6 Quotes

“I hate women…They’re bold, brazen, abominable creatures, invented for the annoyance and destruction of their superiors. Look at this business of poor George’s! It’s all woman’s work from one end to the other. He marries a woman, and his father casts him off, penniless and professionless. He hears of the woman’s death and he breaks his heart…He goes to a woman’s house and he is never seen alive again.”

Related Characters: Robert Audley (speaker), George Talboys, Lady Audley / Lucy Graham / Helen Maldon Talboys
Related Symbols: Audley Court
Page Number and Citation: 178
Explanation and Analysis:
Robert says this right after he muses on how women are the stronger sex who use their agency to influence men. Though this comment in itself might seem extremely misogynistic, Robert is also reflecting a common suspicion toward powerful women during the Victorian era, based on the prejudiced assumption that women were less moral than men. This quote shows Robert’s growing suspicion that the women (or woman) in George’s life have used their agency for evil. Robert’s perspective is biased towards men, however, since he blames George’s wife for George being cut off from his family, when George’s father is Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. A

Volume 2, Chapter 7 Quotes

Lucy Audley looked up from her occupation amongst the fragile china cups, and watched Robert rather anxiously, as he walked softly to his uncle’s room, and back again to the boudoir. She looked very pretty and innocent, seated behind the graceful group of delicate opal china and glittering silver. Surely a pretty woman never looks prettier than when making tea. The most feminine and most domestic of all occupations imparts a magic harmony to her every movement, a witchery to her every glance.

Related Characters: Lady Audley / Lucy Graham / Helen Maldon Talboys , Robert Audley
Related Symbols: Audley Court
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 190
Explanation and Analysis:
Robert observes Lady Audley pouring tea after he visits the sick Sir Michael. At this point in the plot, he suspects Lady Audley’s involvement in George’s disappearance. Despite his suspicions regarding the crime, he acknowledges that Lady Audley looks beautiful and innocent when she engages in a typically feminine activity. This shows how Lady Audley uses the gendered expectations of society to hide her secrets. A Victorian reader would recognize the art of making tea as typically feminine, domestic, and English, and perhaps take comfort in such a familiar display. This makes Lady Audley’s secrets and crimes all the more Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur

Volume 2, Chapter 9 Quotes

“I am weary of my life here, and wish, if I can, to find a new one. I go out into the world, dissevered from every link which binds me to the hateful past, to seek another home and another fortune. Forgive me if I have been fretful, capricious, changeable. You should forgive me, for you know why I have been so. You know the secret which is the key to my life.”

Related Characters: Lady Audley / Lucy Graham / Helen Maldon Talboys (speaker), Lieutenant Maldon
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 213
Explanation and Analysis:
Helen Talboys writes this in a letter to her father, a letter that Mrs. Barkamb (Helen’s former landlady) gives to Robert. This letter explains the motivations of Helen, aka Lady Audley, for abandoning her former life and then committing bigamy by marrying a man while still being married to another. Braddon shows a realistic depiction of how “weary” living in constant poverty can make a person, thus revealing the circumstances that led to Helen’s abandonment of her old life and even her child. This letter also foreshadows Lady Audley’s future confession of her supposed madness, the “secret” to which she Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. A

Volume 2, Chapter 11 Quotes

“A conspiracy concocted by an artful woman, who had speculated upon the chances of her husband’s death, and had secured a splendid position at the risk of committing a crime…but a foolish woman, who looked at life as a game of chance, in which the best player was likely to hold the winning cards, forgetting that there is a Providence about the pitiful speculators, and that wicked secrets are never permitted to remain long hidden.”

Related Characters: Robert Audley (speaker), Lady Audley / Lucy Graham / Helen Maldon Talboys , George Talboys
Page Number and Citation: 228-229
Explanation and Analysis:
Robert says this to Lady Audley as they walk on the lime-walk, after he discovers circumstantial evidence linking Lady Audley to George’s first wife, Helen Talboys. Robert reveals his findings without explicitly accusing Lady Audley, because he has previously stated that he hopes Lady Audley will run away before he has to expose her. Robert’s repeated emphasis on the villain being a “woman” highlights his assumptions about women being able to use their agency to commit wicked deeds against men. He also shows his faith in the power of justice to uncover deception in his references to “Providence.” The plot Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia

“Mr. Audley may be as you say, merely eccentric; but he has talked to me this evening in a manner that has filled me with absolute terror, and I believe that he is going mad. I shall speak very seriously to Sir Michael this very night…I shall only put him on his guard, my dear Alicia.”

“But he’ll never believe you,” said Miss Audley, “He will laugh at such an idea.”

“No, Alicia; he will believe anything that I tell him.”

Related Characters: Lady Audley / Lucy Graham / Helen Maldon Talboys (speaker), Alicia Audley (speaker), Robert Audley, Sir Michael Audley
Page Number and Citation: 238
Explanation and Analysis:
After Robert Audley implies that Lady Audley first married and then murdered George Talboys, Lady Audley begins to plot to convince Alicia and, most importantly, Sir Michael that Robert is mad. She uses accusations of madness to discredit a troublesome family member, thus showing how one can use the Victorian era’s misunderstandings about mental health for dishonest means. This also shows Lady Audley’s moral depravity, as she doesn’t care if she must send a sane man to an asylum in order to protect her own secrets. She also shows how a woman can use her limited agency to influence a Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia ape

Volume 2, Chapter 13 Quotes

Perhaps in that retrospective reverie she recalled the early time in which she had first looked in the glass and discovered that she was beautiful: that fatal early time in which she had first begun to look upon her loveliness as a right divine…Did she remember the day in which that fairy dower of beauty had first taught her to be selfish and cruel?

Related Characters: Lady Audley / Lucy Graham / Helen Maldon Talboys
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 252
Explanation and Analysis:
The narrator speculates on Lady Audley’s thought process as she contemplates her appearance, after Robert implies that he will expose her secrets if she doesn’t run away. This quote provides vital insight into Lady Audley’s development, showing how she first learned that she could use her appearance to achieve her goals, just as she has used her appearance to make two advantageous marriages. This disproves other characters’ previous assumptions that her childlike beauty means she innocent, because, in fact, her beauty may be what caused her to become wicked in the first place, once she learned the kind of value Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum

Volume 3, Chapter 3 Quotes

“I killed him because I AM MAD! because my intellect is a little way upon the wrong side of that narrow boundary-line between sanity and insanity; because when George Talboys goaded me, as you have goaded me; and reproached me, and threatened me; my mind, never properly balanced, utterly lost its balance; and I was mad!”

Related Characters: Lady Audley / Lucy Graham / Helen Maldon Talboys (speaker), George Talboys, Robert Audley
Page Number and Citation: 294
Explanation and Analysis:
Lady Audley makes this confession after Robert survives her murder attempt and returns to confront her once again. Lady Audley’s emphasis on her being a “MADWOMAN” in all capital letters, and then the italicized “I was mad” shows Braddon’s melodramatic style. Claiming to be mad allows Lady Audley to displace the responsibility of her crimes of attempted murder away from herself. Not only does she deny her scheming, saying she had no control once pushed into madness, but she can blame both Robert and George for driving her towards madness. This claim becomes even more dubious as a doctor later Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non

Volume 3, Chapter 5 Quotes

“Because there is no evidence of madness in anything that she has done. She ran away from her home, because her home was not a pleasant one, and she left it in the hope of finding a better. There is no madness in that. She committed the crime of bigamy, because by that crime she obtained fortune and position. There is no madness there. When she found herself in a desperate position, she did not grow desperate. She employed intelligent means, and she carried out a conspiracy which required coolness and deliberation in its execution. There is no madness in that.”

Related Characters: Dr. Mosgrave (speaker), Lady Audley / Lucy Graham / Helen Maldon Talboys
Page Number and Citation: 321
Explanation and Analysis:
Dr. Mosgrave reports this to Robert after Robert tells him all that Lady Audley has confessed. This quote seemingly disproves Lady Audley’s claim and Robert’s assumption that she is a madwoman, thus suggesting that Lady Audley may only be claiming madness to avoid taking responsibility for her actions, and Robert may only be accusing madness to get rid of her without embarrassing the family through a public trial. This makes Lady Audley’s eventual commitment to an asylum seem like an unjust fate. Dr. Mosgrave also reveals a common misconception about madness, stating that one cannot suffer from mental illness and Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Pr

Volume 3, Chapter 10 Quotes

I hope no one will take objection to my story because the end of it leaves the good people all happy and at peace. If my experience of life has not been very long, it has at least been manifold; and I can safely subscribe to that which a mighty king and a great philosopher declared, when he said that neither the experience of his youth nor of his age had ever shown him ‘righteous forsaken, nor his seed begging their bread.’

Related Characters: Robert Audley, George Talboys, Clara Talboys, Sir Michael Audley, Alicia Audley
Page Number and Citation: 380
Explanation and Analysis:
These are the final lines of the novel, delivered by the narrator after describing how the characters of Robert, George, Clara, Sir Michael, and Alicia are happy and successful now that Lady Audley is gone. Though the novel blends the genres of realism and romanticism, this final statement (which quotes a Psalm from the Bible) sides with romanticism in optimistically saying that those who are moral will be rewarded by fate or by God for their goodness. One could also interpret this as a statement of how those who follow gendered expectations and who belong to the upper class are Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. O