A Complicated Kindness

by

Miriam Toews

Teachers and parents! Our Teacher Edition on A Complicated Kindness makes teaching easy.

A Complicated Kindness: Chapter Twenty-Three Summary & Analysis

Summary
Analysis
Nomi reveals that Trudie left home because she was excommunicated from the community by The Mouth. Nomi doesn’t even know how she feels about this. She remembers Trudie sitting by her bed afterward, smiling “the same kind of real smile that Tash had smiled just before she left.” Trudie cried for a little while and then left the room. The next morning, Ray was looking dully out of the picture window and Trudie had left. Ray doesn’t say much about what has happened, and Nomi doesn’t even think that he blames The Mouth. She remembers what Mr. Quiring has said: that ideologies, not individuals, are responsible for most problems.
Even though Nomi has been discussing her mother’s departure since the beginning of the novel, at this point she only subtly hints that Trudie may have been excommunicated. This withholding of information allows the reader to sympathize with Trudie’s warm, complex character without being prejudiced by the church’s condemnation. Unlike the church’s categorization of Trudie as sinful and transgressive, Nomi’s narrative provides a more loving and ultimately more truthful portrait of her mother’s character.
Themes
Family and Home Theme Icon
Narrative and Storytelling Theme Icon
A month after Trudie’s departure, Nomi was walking by the Mennonite nursing home and saw Mrs. Klippenstein sitting outside in a wheelchair. She told Nomi despondently that she was living there now. Nomi wondered where Trudie had been going almost every other night, if not to take care of Mrs. Klippenstein at her house. She tried to ask Mrs. Klippenstein how long she’d lived at the nursing home, but the old woman didn’t respond. A few weeks after that, Nomi was folding Ray’s laundry and putting it away. She opened a drawer and found Trudie’s passport and some letters from Mr. Quiring.
As soon as Nomi reveals one piece of information about Trudie’s departure, it becomes clear she’s hiding something else. Her mention of Mrs. Klippenstein together with some mysterious letters from Mr. Quiring reminds the reader of the English teacher’s inexplicable knowledge of Mrs. Klippenstein’s house earlier in the story, but Nomi doesn’t fully explain these circumstances. Again, she’s using a nonlinear narrative to present her version of Trudie’s behavior to the reader, rather than the church’s.
Themes
Family and Home Theme Icon
Narrative and Storytelling Theme Icon
Nomi walks home from the museum village to find Ray asleep in his lawn chair with a photo album. She checks the mileage on his car and finds that he’s driven almost 300 miles that afternoon. She brings him a blanket and goes inside. Under the note she left him that morning she writes another question, asking why Trudie didn’t take her when she left.
It’s telling that Ray and Nomi can only discuss these major issues through scribbled notes. Like the gradual disintegration of the house, this tendency shows the difficulty of facing their familial collapse head-on.
Themes
Family and Home Theme Icon
When Nomi wakes up in the morning, Ray is sitting at her bedside. He says that a storm has caused a lot of damage in town overnight. He leaves for work and Nomi goes downstairs, where she finds he has written a note to himself that says, “develop a new life strategy.” Ray calls from work to remind Nomi that she should go to school because she might want a high school degree in the future. Nomi asks why he’s selling all the furniture, and he says he likes empty spaces “because you can imagine what might go in them someday.” Nomi says that she’s never going to leave him. When he hangs up, she sees that he’s written an answer to her question from the day before: that Trudie didn’t take her because Nomi was sleeping when she left.
Ray’s aspirational notes to himself contrast with his actual apathetic and self-destructive behavior. Although his comment about the furniture reveals that he wants to imagine starting over and building a new life, he’s not sure how to go about doing it. Nomi’s response is an endearing gesture of familial loyalty, but it’s also clear that she and Ray aren’t helping each other cope effectively right now.
Themes
Family and Home Theme Icon
Quotes
Get the entire A Complicated Kindness LitChart as a printable PDF.
A Complicated Kindness PDF
Nomi thinks that Trudie didn’t take her because Trudie knew Ray needed company more than she did. She also thinks that Trudie left town so that Ray didn’t have to choose between his wife and his community. It would be impossible for him to “publicly denounce” the love of his life, but equally difficult to turn away from the church that will assure their salvation in the afterlife. Nomi feels that, like her, Ray is “stuck in the middle of a story with no good ending.”
In a way, Trudie and Tash’s decision to leave has made Nomi feel responsible for Ray and forced her to stay at home. Nomi’s description of her story as having “no good ending” shows that she’s in a moment of despair, since normally she feels freed and empowered by storytelling.
Themes
Family and Home Theme Icon
Narrative and Storytelling Theme Icon
Quotes
While Nomi gets ready for school she thinks about a job she once had at the town daycare. She loved hanging out with the little kids, but eventually got fired for teaching them to dance to The Beatles. At school, there’s a baseball tournament; Nomi stands in the outfield so she doesn’t have to participate. In the afternoon, the class goes swimming at a slimy dam that makes a perfect slide. There are hot dogs and popsicles, and some of Nomi’s classmates are crying out of sadness that high school is almost over. Nomi goes home and sits in her living room near the shattered window, remembering when Tash explained the concept of an erection to her.
The end of high school is supposed to be a bittersweet and celebratory time, and for many of Nomi’s classmates it is just that. But Nomi bookends this experience with moments of transgression: her hijinks in the preschool and Tash’s sexual education. Because so many of her formative memories stand in contrast to church norms, it’s hard for her to participate in the core rituals of her community.
Themes
Community and Coming of Age Theme Icon